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1.
Br Med Bull ; 110(1): 99-115, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24795364

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) seeks to meet the multifaceted demand of degenerated tendons providing several molecules capable of boosting healing. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH: PRP is used for managing tendinopathy, but its efficacy is controversial. SOURCES OF DATA: Electronic databases were searched for clinical studies assessing PRP efficacy. Methodological quality was evaluated using the methods described in the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews. AREAS OF AGREEMENT: Thirteen prospective controlled studies, comprising 886 patients and diverse tendons were included; 53.8% of studies used identical PRP protocol. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY: Sources of heterogeneity included different comparators, outcome scores, follow-up periods and diverse injection protocols, but not PRP formulation per se. GROWING POINTS: Pooling pain outcomes over time and across different tendons showed that L-PRP injections ameliorated pain in the intermediate-long term compared with control interventions, weighted mean difference (95% CI): 3 months, -0.61 (-0.97, -0.25); 1 year, -1.56 (-2.27, -0.83). However, these findings cannot be applied to the management of individual patients given low power and precision. RESEARCH: Further studies circumventing heterogeneity are needed to reach firm conclusions. Available evidence can help to overcome hurdles to future clinical research and bring forward PRP therapies.


Subject(s)
Platelet-Rich Plasma , Tendinopathy/therapy , Bias , Humans , Injections, Intra-Articular/methods , Pain Management/methods , Platelet Transfusion/methods , Research Design , Treatment Outcome
2.
Rheumatol Int ; 34(6): 811-21, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24322452

ABSTRACT

Obesity may influence fibromyalgia severity. The present study aimed to examine fibromyalgia (FM) symptomatology, quality of life (QoL), and functional capacity across obesity class categories. A total sample of 208 obese FM patients and 108 obese control women were included in the study. The sample was further categorized following the international criteria for obesity classes: obesity I (BMI 30.0-34.99 kg/m(2)), obesity II (BMI 35.0-39.99 kg/m(2)), and obesity III (BMI ≥40.0 kg/m(2)). QoL was assessed by means of the Short-Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) and FM symptomatology with the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Standardized field-based fitness tests were used to assess cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, flexibility, agility, and balance. All the dimensions of QoL, as measured by SF-36, were worse in obese FM patients compared to the obese control group (all p < 0.001). Obese FM patients also scored worse in the entire functional capacity tests studied (all p < 0.001). Except for the higher FIQ-depression across obesity status categories (p < 0.05), no differences between obesity status groups were found in QoL and FM impact. However, upper-body muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were worse across obesity class categories and pairwise comparisons showed differences mainly between obesity I and II (p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively). The absence of clear differences in QoL and FM symptomatology among obesity classes suggests that just avoiding any obese status may be a useful advice for a better management of the disease. Nevertheless, upper-body muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness, which are important health indicators highly related to the mortality risk, were worse across obesity categories.


Subject(s)
Fibromyalgia/physiopathology , Obesity/physiopathology , Quality of Life , Activities of Daily Living , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Depression , Female , Fibromyalgia/complications , Fibromyalgia/psychology , Humans , Middle Aged , Muscle Strength , Obesity/complications , Obesity/psychology , Physical Fitness , Postural Balance , Range of Motion, Articular , Severity of Illness Index
3.
Acta Neurol Scand ; 122(3): 182-8, 2010 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20096020

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the progression of cognitive dysfunction in primary Sjögren Syndrome (SS). METHODS: Twelve subjects with SS were compared with ten subjects with migraine and ten healthy controls on neuropsychological, mood and fatigue tests at baseline and 8 years later. RESULTS: At follow-up, SS subjects performed below subjects with migraine on the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) but did not differ on other tasks. Compared with controls, both clinical groups obtained lower scores on simple reaction time, patients with SS obtained lower scores on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and patients with migraine performed below controls on the Benton's Judgment of Line Orientation Test (JOLO). Clinical groups did not differ on cognitive changes over time, except that migraine subjects improved on verbal fluency. Compared with baseline, both SS and migraine patients were more impaired on simple reaction time, Trail Making Test part B, Stroop and JOLO. However, they showed higher scores on verbal and visual memory, WCST and CPT reaction time. SS also showed higher levels of depression and fatigue than migraine and controls, with no significant changes over time. DISCUSSION: Preliminary evidence indicates some cognitive deficits in both SS and migraine following a pattern of fronto-subcortical dysfunction without a significant cognitive decline over time.


Subject(s)
Cognition Disorders/etiology , Sjogren's Syndrome/complications , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Attention/physiology , Disease Progression , Executive Function/physiology , Fatigue/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Migraine Disorders/physiopathology , Neuropsychological Tests , Reaction Time/physiology , Time Factors , Visual Perception/physiology
4.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital ; 25(4 Suppl 80): 3-29, 2005 Aug.
Article in Italian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16506398

ABSTRACT

Despite the therapeutical advances of the last decade, nasal polyposis represents still a problem for rhinology, practitioners. A number of hypotheses have been formulated about its etiopathogenesis, but no one is confirmed, so that nowadays therapy continues to be only symptomatic and does not cure definitively the underlying pathology. Recurrences are frequent and discourage both the practitioner and the patient. Purpose of this paper is to illustrate Authors' therapeutical rationale aimed to reestablish nasal flow, reduce rhinorrhea, improve olfaction, decrease rhinosinusinusal infection rate and maintain as long as possible such a symptomatic improvement. These targets are best achieved by a combination of medical and surgical treatments in order to optimize the results and reduce the side-effects of both the therapeutical options. Moreover the treatment should be tailored on each patient and follow up should be careful and performed at regular interval. Authors reviewed the clinical records of patients who underwent surgery for nasal polyposis between 2002 and 2004 at Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy, with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. All patients underwent the complete set of diagnostic work-up. The choice between surgical or medical options was based on both the kind of the polyposis and the staging of the pathology. The therapy was as more "personalized" as possible, but a homogeneity of treatment was maintained. The results show that a correct "staging" of the patient allows an appropriate therapy and reduces recurrence rate. In conclusion, authors report their experience and propose a scheme of diagnostic work-up in order to define grading/staging of the pathology and establish a "tailored" therapeutic protocol aimed to control a pathology which is rarely definitively treated.


Subject(s)
Nasal Polyps/therapy , Adolescent , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Cortisone/therapeutic use , Endoscopy , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nasal Polyps/classification , Nasal Polyps/diagnosis , Nasal Polyps/diagnostic imaging , Nasal Polyps/drug therapy , Nasal Polyps/surgery , Postoperative Care , Recurrence , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
5.
Neurosci Lett ; 315(1-2): 17-20, 2001 Nov 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11711204

ABSTRACT

Cystatin C is an amyloidogenic protein that colocalizes with beta-amyloid (Abeta) within arteriolar walls in Alzheimer disease (AD) brains. Recently, a coding polymorphism in the cystatin C gene (CST3) has been claimed to confer risk for the development of late-onset AD. In the present work we have tested the frequencies of CST3-A and CST3-G alleles and used chi-square and logistic regression analyses to assess the association among the CST3 polymorphism, apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), and AD in a series of 159 AD patients and 155 controls. The CST3-A allele was seen to be an accumulation risk factor for early-onset AD. Furthermore, a synergistic association among the CST3-A allele, APOE4 and AD was found in AD patients whose ages were between 60 and 74 years.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/genetics , Cystatins/genetics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Case-Control Studies , Cystatin C , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Genetic
6.
Enferm Intensiva ; 11(1): 10-6, 2000.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10889613

ABSTRACT

Patients admitted to intensive care units sleep poorly, generally because of the environmental conditions of these units. Sleep deprivation in critical patients has severe consequences and can contribute to deterioration of their condition. The quality of sleep of the patients in our unit was evaluated to identify factors that they considered disruptive of sleep. The study included 33 patients who were admitted between April 1998 and January 1999 and had remained conscious and oriented for at least 5 days before being included in the study. We asked them to evaluate how well they had slept during their stay in the unit and to score specific factors that could disrupt sleep (environment, admission to the unit, techniques and procedures) on a scale of 0 to 10. Most patients (63.6%) claimed that they "always" or "usually" slept well. The most disruptive environmental factor was the sound of alarms, pain bothered patients more than fear or anxiety, and endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were the techniques that most interfered with sleep. The quality of sleep of patients in the unit was apparently uninfluenced by pre-admission sleep problems, the severity of the process, or the type of analgesia-sedation administered. The largest percentage of patients who slept poorly had been admitted to one of the wings of the unit, which should be studied specifically.


Subject(s)
Attitude to Health , Critical Care/psychology , Health Facility Environment/standards , Intensive Care Units , Noise/adverse effects , Pain/complications , Sleep Deprivation/etiology , Sleep Deprivation/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pain/prevention & control , Risk Factors , Sleep Deprivation/prevention & control , Surveys and Questionnaires
7.
J Gen Virol ; 81(Pt 5): 1373-81, 2000 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10769081

ABSTRACT

The viral protein 2A of hepatitis A virus (HAV) lacks the conserved 18 aa sequence found in other picornavirus proteases; hence, it is unclear whether the induction of CPE by culture-adapted HAV strains is due to 2A-mediated activity. Moreover, the cleavage sites and actual borders of HAV 2A are not known. Accordingly, a nested series of cDNA sequences encoding the segment of the HAV polyprotein (aa 760-1087) were linked to the 5'-UTR of poliovirus type 2 (Lansing strain) and inserted downstream of the gene encoding human growth hormone (GH). Following transfection of COS-1 cells, levels of GH (translation of which was entirely cap dependent) were determined in culture supernatants. Expression of HAV peptides extending from aa 764, 776 or 791 to 981 strongly inhibited cap-dependent translation of GH, whereas cap-independent expression of a reporter gene (CAT) directed by the poliovirus RNA 5'-UTR was unaffected. The inhibitory effect was absent in constructs expressing either the short peptide encompassing aa 760-836 or proteins initiated downstream of the putative cleavage site 836-837, suggesting that the boundaries of a functional HAV 2A may extend from the Gln/Ser junction 791-792 to residue 981, while peptides initiated at the Gln/Ala pair 836-837 may result from alternative cleavage. Point mutations that substituted members of the triad Ser(916), His(927) and Asp(931) abolished the inhibitory effect on cap-dependent translation, suggesting that the HAV-induced CPE may be mediated by 2A protein.


Subject(s)
Cysteine Endopeptidases/genetics , Cysteine Endopeptidases/physiology , Gene Expression , Hepatovirus/metabolism , RNA Caps , Viral Proteins , 5' Untranslated Regions , Animals , COS Cells , Cysteine Endopeptidases/metabolism , Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral , Hepatovirus/genetics , Human Growth Hormone/genetics , Human Growth Hormone/metabolism , Humans , Mutagenesis, Site-Directed , Plasmids , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Protein Biosynthesis , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Transfection
8.
Enferm. intensiva (Ed. impr.) ; 11(1): 10-16, ene. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-7666

ABSTRACT

Los pacientes ingresados en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos tienen una mala calidad de sueño, en la mayoría de los casos ocasionada por las condiciones ambientales de estas unidades. La deprivación de sueño en los pacientes críticos tiene consecuencias graves, que pueden contribuir al empeoramiento de los pacientes. Con este trabajo nos proponemos evaluar si los pacientes duermen bien en nuestra unidad y determinar cuáles son los factores que ellos consideran como perturbadores del sueño. Se incluyeron 33 pacientes que ingresaron en nuestra unidad entre abril del 1998 y enero de 1999, permaneciendo conscientes y orientados un mínimo de cinco días antes de la inclusión en el estudio, a los que pedimos que valorasen si habían dormido bien durante su estancia en la unidad y que puntuasen de 0 a 10 los factores concretos (ambientales, ingreso en la unidad, técnicas y procedimientos) que les pudieran haber molestado para dormir.La mayoría de los pacientes (63,6 por ciento) dijo haber dormido bien 'siempre' o 'habitualmente'. El factor ambiental que más les molestó fue el sonido de las alarmas, el dolor les molestó más que la sensación de miedo o angustia, y la intubación endotraqueal y la ventilación mecánica fueron las técnicas que más interfirieron en su sueño. La calidad del sueño de los pacientes en la unidad no parece haberse visto influida por los problemas de sueño previos al ingreso, el índice de gravedad y el tipo de analgesia-sedación administrada. El porcentaje mayor de pacientes que habían dormido mal se encontraban ingresados en una de las alas de la unidad, que deberá ser estudiada más específicamente (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Attitude to Health , Intensive Care Units , Sleep Deprivation , Risk Factors , Noise , Pain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cross-Sectional Studies , Critical Care , Health Facility Environment
9.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry ; 67(6): 811-4, 1999 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10567506

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: The object was to describe the clinical, radiological, pathological, and genetic findings in a Spanish family with dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA). This is an inherited neurodegenerative disease, well recognised in Japan, but with few cases reported from Europe and America and no cases published from Spain. The clinical misdiagnosis of Huntington's disease is not infrequent. Pedigree analysis and clinical data of a family were collected. A genetic study was performed in two patients. Pathological information was obtained from the necropsy of one patient. RESULTS: Pedigree analysis showed an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Age at onset varied from 5 to 55 years. Ataxia and chorea were present in most of the members. Some of these had a long course disease with late dementia. Four patients had seizures and early mental impairment. In one patient, cranial MRI showed cortical, brain stem and cerebellar atrophy, and white matter changes. In another patient, necropsy showed atrophy of the globus pallidus and lipofuscin deposits in dentate and pallidal neuronal cells. Genetic study showed an abnormal CAG triplet expansion in the B37 gene on chromosome 12. As in other cases previously reported, Spanish cases of DRPLA show intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity. Clinical and MRI data could differentiate DRPLA from Huntington's disease but definitive diagnosis requires molecular studies. Pathological studies are still necessary to correlate DRPLA brain involvement with the clinical and molecular findings.


Subject(s)
Brain Stem/pathology , Cerebellum/pathology , Cerebral Cortex/pathology , Dentate Gyrus/pathology , Globus Pallidus/pathology , Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive/diagnosis , Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive/genetics , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Alleles , Atrophy/pathology , Chromosomes/genetics , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Gene Expression/genetics , Humans , Huntington Disease/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Pedigree , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Spain , Trinucleotide Repeats/genetics
10.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 7(5): 417-25, oct. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-293802

ABSTRACT

En este artículo se realiza una presentación de los aspectos epidemiológicos relacionados con los estudios cohortes, luego de una breve revisión histórica de la evolución de lo que podría llamarse el pensamiento científico. Conceptos como estudios observacionales, longitudinales, pérdidas al seguimiento, direccionalidad y temporalidad de los estudios, así como también, el riesgo relativo, son revisados. Adicionalmente se introduce y termina con un caso clínico, en el que se espera la comprensión de la discusión con los conceptos presentados a lo largo del capítulo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cohort Studies , Research/standards , Research/organization & administration , Research/trends
12.
J Virol ; 73(8): 6559-65, 1999 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10400752

ABSTRACT

We have studied the relationship between the Sendai virus (SeV) C proteins (a nested set of four proteins initiated at different start codons) and the interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response in IFN-competent cells in culture. SeV strains containing wild-type or various mutant C proteins were examined for their ability (i) to induce an antiviral state (i.e., to prevent the growth of vesicular stomatitis virus [VSV] following a period of SeV infection), (ii) to induce the elevation of Stat1 protein levels, and (iii) to prevent IFN added concomitant with the SeV infection from inducing an antiviral state. We find that expression of the wild-type C gene and, specifically, the AUG114-initiated C protein prevents the establishment of an antiviral state: i.e., cells infected with wild-type SeV exhibited little or no increase in Stat1 levels and were permissive for VSV replication, even in the presence of exogenous IFN. In contrast, in cells infected with SeV lacking the AUG114-initiated C protein or containing a single amino acid substitution in the C protein, the level of Stat1 increased and VSV replication was inhibited. The prevention of the cellular IFN-mediated antiviral response appears to be a key determinant of SeV pathogenicity.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/metabolism , Interferon-beta/metabolism , Phosphoproteins , Respirovirus , Viral Proteins/physiology , Animals , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Binding Sites , Cell Line , Cricetinae , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Interferon-beta/pharmacology , Macaca mulatta , Mice , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology , Respirovirus/genetics , Respirovirus/metabolism , Respirovirus/physiology , STAT1 Transcription Factor , Trans-Activators/metabolism , Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/growth & development , Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/metabolism , Viral Proteins/genetics , Viral Structural Proteins/metabolism
13.
Mol Cell Biol ; 18(9): 5021-31, 1998 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9710586

ABSTRACT

The Sendai virus P/C mRNA expresses eight primary translation products by using a combination of ribosomal choice and cotranscriptional mRNA editing. The longest open reading frame (ORF) of the mRNA starts at AUG104 (the second initiation site) and encodes the 568-amino-acid P protein, an essential subunit of the viral polymerase. The first (ACG81), third (ATG114), fourth (ATG183), and fifth (ATG201) initiation sites are used to express a C-terminal nested set of polypeptides (collectively named the C proteins) in the +1 ORF relative to P, namely, C', C, Y1, and Y2, respectively. Leaky scanning accounts for translational initiation at the first three start sites (a non-ATG followed by ATGs in progressively stronger contexts). Consistent with this, changing ACG81/C' to ATG (GCCATG81G) abrogates expression from the downstream ATG104/P and ATG114/C initiation codons. However, expression of the Y1 and Y2 proteins remains normal in this background. We now have evidence that initiation from ATG183/Y1 and ATG201/Y2 takes place via a ribosomal shunt or discontinuous scanning. Scanning complexes appear to assemble at the 5' cap and then scan ca. 50 nucleotides (nt) of the 5' untranslated region before being translocated to an acceptor site at or close to the Y initiation codons. No specific donor site sequences are required, and translation of the Y proteins continues even when their start codons are changed to ACG. Curiously, ATG codons (in good contexts) in the P ORF, placed either 16 nt upstream of Y1, 29 nt downstream of Y2, or between the Y1 and Y2 codons, are not expressed even in the ACGY1/ACGY2 background. This indicates that ATG183/Y1 and ATG201/Y2 are privileged start sites within the acceptor site. Our observations suggest that the shunt delivers the scanning complex directly to the Y start codons.


Subject(s)
Protein Biosynthesis , Respirovirus/genetics , Respirovirus/metabolism , Ribosomes/metabolism , Viral Proteins/biosynthesis , Base Sequence , Cell Line , Codon , DNA Primers , HeLa Cells , Humans , Mutagenesis, Site-Directed , Nucleic Acid Conformation , Open Reading Frames , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA Editing , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , RNA, Viral/metabolism
14.
J Virol ; 72(7): 5984-93, 1998 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9621061

ABSTRACT

Recombinant Sendai viruses were prepared which cannot express their Cprime, C, or Cprime plus C proteins due to mutation of their respective start codons ([Cprime-minus], [C-minus] and [double mutant], respectively). The [Cprime-minus] and [C-minus] stocks were similar to that of wild-type (wt) virus in virus titer and plaque formation, whereas the double-mutant stock had a much-reduced PFU or 50% egg infective dose/particle ratio and produced very small plaques. Relative to the wt virus infection, the [Cprime-minus] and [C-minus] infections of BHK cells resulted in significantly greater accumulation of viral RNAs, consistent with the known inhibitory effects of the Cprime and C proteins. The double-mutant infection, in contrast, was delayed in its accumulation of viral RNAs; however, once accumulation started, overaccumulation quickly occurred, as in the single-mutant infections. Our results suggest that the Cprime and C proteins both provide a common positive function early in infection, so that only the double mutant undergoes delayed RNA accumulation and exhibits the highly debilitated phenotype. Later in infection, the same proteins appear to act as inhibitors of RNA accumulation. In infections of mice, [Cprime-minus] was found to be as virulent as wt virus whereas [C-minus] was highly attenuated. These results suggest that the Cprime and C proteins cannot be functionally equivalent, since C can replace Cprime for virulence in mice whereas Cprime cannot replace C.


Subject(s)
RNA, Viral/biosynthesis , Respirovirus Infections/virology , Respirovirus/physiology , Viral Nonstructural Proteins/physiology , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Cricetinae , Female , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Inbred ICR , Recombination, Genetic
15.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 107(15): 572-7, 1996 Nov 02.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9064381

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of study was to define risk factors (age, body mass index, height, weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) associated to non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT). PATIENTS, MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was carried out in people > or = 30 years old in Lejona (Vizcaya) by randomized sampling of population, stratified by pyramids of age and sex (N = 862), with a low rate of non-responders (12.6%). An oral glucose tolerance test was done following the criteria recommended by the Committee of Experts of the World Health Organization (WHO). A multivariate analysis was performed, with presence/absence of NIDDM and/or AGT, as dependent variable in several models of logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of NIDDM was 6.4% (56% previously unknown). Strong association of NIDDM with age, BMI, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) was observed both in univariate, as well as multivariate analysis. However, SBP lost its value in the multivariate study. Multivariate analysis showed that NIDDM was 8.2 fold more frequent in the population > or = 60 years than in the < or = 45 years old group. NIDDM was 8.3 fold more frequent when BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 compared to < or = 25. NIDDM was 3.8 fold more frequent in the population with SBP > or = 140 mmHg than in the group with SBP < or = 120 mmHg. The prevalence of AGT in women is almost double than in men (13.4% vs 7.3%). Risk factors were also associated with AGT. CONCLUSIONS: Weight and SBP are important risk factors for NIDDM and AGT prediction. The possibility of modifying these factors could possibly allow interventions in order to decrease the prevalence of NIDDM and AGT.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Female , Glucose Tolerance Test , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Spain
16.
Blood Purif ; 14(3): 242-8, 1996.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8738538

ABSTRACT

The choice in the renal replacement therapy of acute renal failure (ARF) should match the patients' individual needs and the characteristics of available therapies. 141 ARF patients, 65 with "isolated' ARF (group I) and 76 with ARF in multiorgan failure (group II), have been treated. In 33 patients of group I standard bicarbonate hemodialysis was used, while acetate-free biofiltration was used for the others. In group II, 42 patients have been treated by continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration and 34 patients by daily recycled bicarbonate hemodialysis. Our data show that acetate-free biofiltration and bicarbonate dialysis were both highly dependable, but acetate-free biofiltration was better tolerated. Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration is the method of choice in high-risk patients; daily bicarbonate hemodialysis is preferable only in patients with hemorrhagic diathesis. The average survival time is 55.2% with a statistically significant difference between groups I and II, while no difference has been observed within the same group according to the procedure.


Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Hemofiltration , Multiple Organ Failure/therapy , Renal Dialysis , Acute Kidney Injury/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Bicarbonates/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multiple Organ Failure/complications
17.
Ann Med Interne (Paris) ; 146(4): 239-42, 1995.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7653943

ABSTRACT

Our prospective study consisted of a general and neurological evaluation in 48 patients (41 females, 7 males; mean age: 58.2 years) with primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS). We performed serologic studies and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Main extraglandular features were arthralgias and non-erosive arthritis (37.5%). Raynaud (21%) and pulmonary fibrosis (12.5%). Antinuclear antibodies were positive in 42.5% and anti-SS-A (Ro) in 20%. Migraine (52%), neuropsychiatric disease (29%) and a past history of focal acute neurological deficits (23%), were the central nervous system (CNS) manifestations more frequently observed. Cranial MRI examination detected hyperintense small subcortical lesions in 51.3% of patients and in 36.6% of age and sex matched controls (P < 0.001). CNS disease was not serious concerning vital prognosis, but produced significant morbidity in some patients. Late onset "migraine-like" episodes with prolonged sensoromotor deficits and coexisting neuropsychiatric disease emerged as a characteristic clinical spectrum in those patients diagnosed in a neurological setting. Cranial MRI was frequently abnormal, but findings were not specific. Neurologic manifestations reminiscent of multiple sclerosis were rarely seen.


Subject(s)
Central Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Sjogren's Syndrome/complications , Aged , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Migraine Disorders/etiology , Prospective Studies , Sjogren's Syndrome/diagnosis
18.
ASAIO J ; 40(3): M663-6, 1994.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8555597

ABSTRACT

During follow-up of anemic hemodialysis patients (HDP) treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo), it was noticed that in five HDP, some time after suspension of rHuEpo, hemoglobin (Hb) levels remained at acceptable levels. A metabolic block of the pentose phosphate shunt (PPS) has been described in HDP, which leads to increased oxidative damage of red blood cell (RBC) membranes and increased susceptibility to hemolysis. The increased production of short-chain fatty aldehydes, including malonyldialdehyde (MDA), is an appropriate index of oxidative damage. This study aimed to verify whether the maintenance of acceptable levels of Hb was related to a change in RBC membrane oxidative damage and pentose phosphate shunt activity. In the five HDP in question who required rHuEpo (150 U/kg/week) for severe anemia (Hb = 7.48 +/- 0.95 g/dl), after a stable level of Hb > 10 g/dl was reached for at least 1 month, rHuEpo treatment was stopped. Hb levels remained adequate (Hb = 10.68 +/- 0.77 g/dl) after 14.6 +/- 7.64 months. The oxidative damage was evaluated by measuring RBC MDA (microgram/ml packed RBC) basal levels, and PPS activity by measuring MDA levels after incubation with ascorbate and cyanide (delta % RBC MDA production). Ten anemic HDP not treated with rHuEpo were used as controls (Hb = 8.12 +/- 1.32 g/dl). It was found that the maintenance of adequate levels of serum Hb after suspension of rHuEpo therapy is related to a decrease in RBC membrane oxidative damage (RBC MDA HDP = 2.40 +/- 0.41 vs. RBC MDA controls = 18.23 +/- 6.56; P < 0.005) in consequence of the normalization of pentose phosphate shunt activity.


Subject(s)
Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism , Erythropoietin/administration & dosage , Pentose Phosphate Pathway , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Aged , Anemia/blood , Anemia/drug therapy , Anemia/etiology , Erythrocyte Count , Female , Hemoglobins/metabolism , Hemolysis , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation , Male , Malondialdehyde/blood , Middle Aged , Oxidation-Reduction , Uremia/complications , Uremia/therapy
19.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 101(16): 609-12, 1993 Nov 13.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8271863

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus presents a high prevalence and morbimortality. The aim of the present study was to know the number of newly diagnosed diabetic patients in addition to those who present abnormal glucose tolerance and possible presence of associated risk factors. METHODS: This study was carried out in Lejona (Vizcaya) from 1984-1985. The prevalence of non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in people older than or equal to 30 years of age by a randomized sample stratified by pyramids of age and sex (n = 862). The following data were collected: age, sex, height, weight, medications taken, family and personal history of diabetes mellitus (DM) and blood pressure. A glycemia curve was made following the criteria recommended by the Committee of Experts of the World Health Organization (WHO). RESULTS: The prevalence of DM observed in the sample was of 6.4% (confidence interval of 95%: 4.75-8.01%) of which 3.6% corresponded to unknown DM and 2.8% to known DM. The prevalence of AGT was 10.4% (confidence interval 95%: 8.40-12.48%). Greater association was observed between DM and obesity, lower height, high blood pressure and age over 50. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the diabetics were unaware of the disease. Given the association of non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with modifiable factors (obesity, high blood pressure) control of risk factors would be useful with the aim of decreasing the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and avoid the associated chronic complications of the disease.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology
20.
J Endocrinol Invest ; 16(3): 181-7, 1993 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8514973

ABSTRACT

Although morbility and mortality in acromegaly are higher than in the general population, there have been very few previous epidemiological studies. This study tries to answer "why". Seventy-four patients affected by acromegaly in Vizcaya (Spain) between 1970 and 1989 were considered for an epidemiological study. The prevalence of known cases at the end of 1989 was 60 per million inhabitants. The average incidence of newly diagnosed cases was 3.1 per million people per year. Unexpectedly, acromegaly was more frequent in women (n = 48) than in men (n = 26), with a ratio of 1.8:1. Mean age at diagnosis was significantly higher in women (46.1 +/- 2.2 yr) than in men (39.5 +/- 2.2 yr) (p < 0.05) There was a positive correlation between age at diagnosis and the estimated duration of the disease (r = 0.56, p < 0.05) and a negative one between age and basal GH serum levels (r = -0.52 p < 0.002). The age at diagnosis was significantly higher in patients with invasive tumors (grade III and IV) than in those with enclosed tumors (grade I and II) (47.7 +/- 1.8 vs 40.1 +/- 3.3 p < 0.05). In general, mortality was higher than the expected for the control population (standardized mortality ratio, SMR = 3.2, 95% confidence interval. Cl = 1.55-5.93). However, mortality was higher in men (SMR = 7, 95% Cl = 2.81-14.4) but not in women (SMR = 1.4 95% Cl = 0.29-4.17).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Subject(s)
Acromegaly/epidemiology , Acromegaly/mortality , Acromegaly/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Glucose Tolerance Test , Growth Hormone/blood , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Factors , Spain
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