Specific features of analgesic effect of docosahexaenoic acid in rats with neuropathic pain syndrome.

Experiments on white rats showed that sciatic nerve ligation induced the development of neuropathic pain syndrome: thermal pain threshold decreased, significant reduction in weight bearing of the injured limb, and degenerative changes in the foot tissues. Administration of docosahexaenoic acid reduces activity and duration neuropathic pain syndrome, promoted reversion of weight bearing asymmetry, and prevented the development of degenerative changes in the foot tissues.

[Fatty acids from the sponge Halichondria panicea from the Sea of Japan]. / Zhirnye kisloty gubki Halichondria panicea iz Iaponskogo moria.

The fatty acid (FA) composition of total lipids isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria panicea inhabiting Peter the Great Bay of Sea of Japan was studied. GC and GC-MS techniques helped identify 63 FAs, with the main attention being paid to FAs with 14-22 carbon atoms. 4, 8, 12-Trimethyl-13:0 FA was for the first time identified as the main saturated FA along with the branched FAs br-25:1, br-27:1, and br-27:2. The contents of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and the major demospongic acids [26:3(5, 9, 19), 26:3(5, 9, 17), 27:3(5, 9, 20), and 28:3(5, 9, 21)] considerably differed from those previously found for H. panicea, which may be due to seasonal changes in the species composition of organisms consumed by the sponge.

[Cytoprotective effect of ethyl esters of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids]. / Tsitoprotektivnaia aktivnost' kontsentrata étilovykh éfirov n-3 polienovykh zhirnykh kislot.

Protective properties of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated, monosaturated and saturated fatty acids (respectively, n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA, MUFA and SFA) against ethanol induced hemorrhagic gastric mucosal lesions were compared. Female Wistar rats (90-100 g) were fed to four weeks semisyntethic diets containing 9% butter (SFA-diet), 6% butter and 3% olive oil (MUFA-diet), 6% butter and 3% sunflower oil (n-6 PUFA-diet) or 6% butter and 3% concentrate of n-3 PUFA ethyl esters (n-3 PUFA-diet). One group of rats received a non-lipid diet. Under all types of lipid containing diets, development of ethanol-induced hemorrhagic gastric mucosal lesions was reduced in compared with non-lipid diet. Cytoprotective effect of n-3 PUFA-E was greater than MUFA and SFA, but smaller than n-6 PUFA.

[Various lipases for producing products enriched with polyenic acids in fish fat hydrolysis]. / Issledovanie razlichnykh lipaz dlia polucheniia produktov, obogashchennykh polienovymi kislotami pri gidrolize rybikh zhirov.

The enzymic hydrolysis of fish with lipases from various sources was studied. The lipase from the fungus Rhizopus microsporus preferentially removes saturated fatty acids, while lipase from the pyloric caeca of salmon unsaturated fatty acids upon hydrolysis of fish fats. The enzymes can be used to obtain fatty products enriched with eicosanopentaenoic acid, mono- and diacylglycerols by enzymic hydrolysis of the ivasi fat.

[Changes in the lipid composition of murine neuroblastoma C 1300 cells during the process of differentiation]. / Izmenenie lipidnogo sostava kletok neiroblastomy myshi C 1300 v protsesse differentsirovki.

The paper deals with the lipid composition of nondifferentiated cells at the logarithmic and stationary growth phases as well as with differentiated cells of C 1300 neuroblastoma adopted to the Eagle medium. It is shown that phospholipids and cholesterol dominate at the studied growth phases among lipids. Their amount in the differentiation process is thrice as high calculating per cells. The quantity of individual phospholipids changes in different manner during differentiation. The phosphatidylinosite level is higher than of other substances.

[Action of chloditane on the phospholipid composition of the adrenals in dogs]. / Vozdeistvie khloditana na fosfolipidnyi sostav nadpochechnikov sobak.

The effect of chloditane/mitotan; 1-(o-chlorophenyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane; o,p'-DDD/ on phospholipid composition of dog adrenal glands was examined. Feeding of mongrel dogs with the adrenocorticolytic drug chloditane increased the content of phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol and sphingomyelin. Chloditane lowered the content of diphosphatidylglycerin and lisophosphatidylethanolamine in dog adrenal cortex. The drug did not produce any effect on the content of major phosphatides--phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine or on the fatty acid content of phosphatidylcholine.

[Phospholipid composition of human, dog and guinea pig adrenal cortex]. / Fosfolipidy kory nadpochechnykh zhelez cheloveka, sobaki i morskoi svinki.

The phospholipid composition was studied in human and dog adrenal cortex and in guinea pig adrenal tissue. The major phospholipids of adrenal cortex were phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine whose ratio in the human, dog and guinea pig tissues was 2.16, 2.01, 1.61, respectively. Phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin, diphosphatidylglycerin, lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidyl-ethanolamine were also found in adrenal cortex. A quantitative phospholipid composition of the human adrenal cortex was close to the dog one. The fatty acid composition of phosphatidylcholine from human and dog adrenal cortex was determined and some differences were shown.