ABSTRACT
Gingival overgrowth is an adverse side effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) in the treatment of transplanted patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of CsA on new-onset diabetes mellitus and gingival overgrowth in rats, by measuring collagen, nitric oxide and microvascular permeability. Blood glucose level, collagen, nitric oxide level and vascular permeability were determined. Blood glucose level increased significantly from 6.5 +/- 0.9 for the control group to 15 +/- 1.2, 17 +/- 1.2 and 21.6 +/- 1.6 mM/L at 1, 4 or 8 weeks of CsA treatment, respectively. Collagen (ug HO Proline/mg p) increased significantly from 2.5 +/- 0.5 for the control group to 4.2 +/- 0.8, 5.9 +/- 0.6 and 7.3 +/- 0.8 at 1, 4 or 8 weeks of CsA treatment, respectively. Vascular permeability was 10.3 +/- 1.2 for the control group and 15 +/- 1; 17.2 +/- 1.3, and 22.1 +/- 2.1 ug EB/g T; at 1, 4 or 8 weeks of CsA treatment, respectively Nitric oxide level was 3.5 +/- .9 umol/mg P for the control group and 4 +/- 0.2, 8.2 +/- 0.9 and 11 +/- 1 for 1, 2 or 8 weeks of CsA treatment, respectively. These findings appear to indicate that the development of significant gingival changes induced by CsA is related to new-onset of diabetes mellitus during the immunosuppressive treatment.
Subject(s)
Cyclosporine/adverse effects , Gingival Overgrowth/chemically induced , Hyperglycemia/chemically induced , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Animals , Blood Glucose/analysis , Blood Glucose/drug effects , Capillary Permeability/drug effects , Collagen/analysis , Collagen/drug effects , Coloring Agents , Diabetes Mellitus/chemically induced , Evans Blue , Gingiva/drug effects , Gingiva/pathology , Male , Nitric Oxide/analysis , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Uncontrolled or poorly controlled diabetes mellitus may be a risk factor for the development of oral complications. The objective of this investigation was to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus progression on inflammatory and structural components of dental pulp. Male Wistar rats were given a single injection of Streptozotocin (STZ), and induction of diabetes was confirmed 24 h later. Dental pulp tissue samples were taken from central incisors and molars of diabetic rats 30 and 90 days after the STZ treatment. Plasma glucose levels in diabetic rats 30 and 90 days after STZ treatment were significantly increased when compared to control rats (P < 0.001). Nitrite and kallikrein levels in dental pulp tissue were higher in diabetic rats 30 days after STZ treatment than in controls, while only nitrite were decreased 90 after of STZ treatment. Myeloperoxidase activity showed changes 30 and 90 days after STZ injection when compared to controls. The activity of alkaline phosphatase showed significant changes 30 and 90 days after STZ treatment. On the other hand the concentration of collagen was decreased in diabetic rats 30 and 90 days after STZ injection. These results suggest that diabetes is a critical factor that has profound effects upon oral tissues, resulting in expression of inflammatory mediators and modifications of structural components of dental pulp.
