ABSTRACT
Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of intravitreal (IV) bevacizumab and the need for systemic immunosuppressive therapy (IMT) in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKHD).Methods: CNV treatment consisted of three monthly IV bevacizumab injections as a loading dose; if intra/subretinal fluid (IRF) persisted, further injections were proceeded besides increment in systemic IMT. Outcome analyses at 3, 6, and 12 months were visual acuity, central foveal thickness, macular volume, IRF, and addition of IMT.Results: Seven eyes of six patients were included. Five patients (five eyes) completed a 12-month follow-up and received 12 IV bevacizumab injections. At the 12-month follow-up, visual acuity improved in four out of five eyes (p = .0568); all eyes had decreased macular volume (p = .0431) but they still had persistent IRF; and all cases needed IMT introduction/increment.Conclusion: Intravitreal bevacizumab in association with systemic IMT was effective for CNV in VKHD. Active CNV may indicate disease of inadequate clinical control.
Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Bevacizumab/therapeutic use , Choroidal Neovascularization/drug therapy , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/complications , Adult , Choroidal Neovascularization/etiology , Choroidal Neovascularization/physiopathology , Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Intravitreal Injections , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Subretinal Fluid , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Treatment Outcome , Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome/physiopathology , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Visual Acuity/physiologyABSTRACT
This case report describes the presence of bilateral macular atrophy in a patient with Alport syndrome and compares this finding with literature. At fundoscopy, there was a discrete circumscribed macular thinning showing intense retinal pigment epithelium color and the presence of whitish circular retinal lesions ("dots" and "flecks") at nasal mid periphery of both eyes. Optical coherence tomography showed bilateral partial atrophy of the neurosensory retina in the macula, with a greater extent in the temporal region. This case describes a rare ophthalmological finding in Alport syndrome and important to be recognized for a precise diagnosis as well as for determining visual prognosis.
Subject(s)
Macular Degeneration/genetics , Nephritis, Hereditary/complications , Retina/abnormalities , Female , Humans , Macular Degeneration/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
This case report describes the presence of bilateral macular atrophy in a patient with Alport syndrome and compares this finding with literature. At fundoscopy, there was a discrete circumscribed macular thinning showing intense retinal pigment epithelium color and the presence of whitish circular retinal lesions ("dots" and "flecks") at nasal mid periphery of both eyes. Optical coherence tomography showed bilateral partial atrophy of the neurosensory retina in the macula, with a greater extent in the temporal region. This case describes a rare ophthalmological finding in Alport syndrome and important to be recognized for a precise diagnosis as well as for determining visual prognosis.
Este relato de caso descreve a presença de atrofia macular bilateral em uma paciente com síndrome de Alport e compara este achado com a literatura. Ao exame fundoscópico, havia discreto afinamento macular circunscrito demonstrando a coloração intensa do epitélio pigmentado da retina e a presença de lesões retinianas circulares esbranquiçadas ("dots" e "flecks") na média periferia nasal em ambos os olhos. A tomografia de coerência óptica identificou atrofia parcial da retina neurossensorial bilateral na mácula, com maior extensão na área temporal. O caso descreve uma alteração oftalmológica rara da síndrome de Alport e de importante reconhecimento para precisar o diagnóstico e também para determinar o prognóstico visual.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Macular Degeneration/genetics , Nephritis, Hereditary/complications , Retina/abnormalities , Macular Degeneration/diagnosis , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the dynamics of ocular eyelid movements in newborn infants and preschool-age children. METHODS: Fifty newborn infants and 200 preschool children aged 4-6 years were examined. Images of each child, with his or her eyes in the primary eye position looking at an object placed at the child's height, were recorded with a digital videocamera for 3 mins. Complete and incomplete blink rates, opening, closing and complete blink times were calculated. RESULTS: Newborn infants presented a lower number of incomplete movements than preschool children. The complete blink rate was lower in newborn infants (6.2 blinks/min) than in preschool children (8.0 blinks/minute). Eyelid closing, opening and compete blink times were longer in newborn infants than in preschool children at all observation times. CONCLUSIONS: Newborn infants had a different pattern of eyelid movement compared with preschool children. Specific characteristics that are found in this group of children particularly, such as immaturity of the neural system and more resistant tear film, may explain these findings in part.
