ABSTRACT
Livestock-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus belonging to clonal complex 398 (LA-MRSA CC398) is an important cause of zoonotic infections in many countries. Here, we describe the isolation of LA-MRSA CC398 from retail meat samples of United Kingdom (UK) farm origin. Our findings indicate that this lineage is probably established in UK pig farms and demonstrate a potential pathway for the transmission of LA-MRSA CC398 from livestock to humans in the UK.
Subject(s)
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/classification , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/genetics , Red Meat/microbiology , Staphylococcal Infections/veterinary , Sus scrofa , Animals , Commerce , Humans , Livestock , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Molecular Typing , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Swine , Swine Diseases , United Kingdom/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Microplot experiments were conducted in 1989 and 1990 to determine the relationship between yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and inoculum density ofMeloidogyne arenaria race 1. Nine inoculum densities were used, ranging from 0-200 eggs/100 cm(3) soil (1989) or from 0-100 eggs/100 cm(3) (1990), and each density was replicated 10 times. In 1989, higher final densities (mean of 1,171 juveniles [J2]/100 cm(3) soil) were obtained in plots inoculated with 0.5 to 50 eggs/100 cm(3) soil than in plots inoculated with 100 to 200 eggs/100 cm(3) (313 J2/100 cm(3) soil). In 1990, final densities of M. arenaria reached high levels (>/= 1,111 J2/100 cm(3) soil) in all inoculated plots. Pod yield and dry weight of foliage at harvest were negatively correlated (P
