ABSTRACT
Rare cases of Cryptococcus have been documented in patients living with multiple myeloma. To date there has been no documented evidence of cryptococcosis revealing multiple myeloma. We reported a 63-year-old man who had a 2-months history continuous holocranial headaches, morning vomiting, complaining of blurred vision and fever. The biologic and the imaging showed a Cryptococcus meningoencephalitis. The search for a cause of immunodeficiency revealed a multiple myeloma. The diagnosis for Cryptococcus was confirmed according to an India ink stain, blood and cerebrospinal fluid culture. The patient's treatment for multiple myeloma was initiated with a chemotherapy regimen. The evolution was good without complication. Cryptococcosis, especially in the neuro-meningeal form, is a serious, deadly opportunistic infection. The search of an underlining immunodeficiency must be systematic. In this case, it was associated with early stage multiple myeloma.
Subject(s)
Meningitis, Cryptococcal/diagnosis , Multiple Myeloma/diagnosis , Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Headache/etiology , Humans , Male , Meningitis, Cryptococcal/microbiology , Middle Aged , Multiple Myeloma/complications , Opportunistic Infections/microbiology , Vomiting/etiologyABSTRACT
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a life-threatening event during resuscitation. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) diagnostic scoring system enables early diagnosis of DIC. We here report three clinical cases of DIC characterized by several etiologies: prostatic adenocarcinoma, septic shock and retroplacental hematoma. The tests of hemostasis needed to calculate international society on thrombosis and haemostasis (ISTH) score (platelet count, prothrombin ratio, values of fibrinogen and D-dimer levels) were performed regularly. Additional, complementary tests (soluble complexes test, euglobulin lysis test, antithrombin level dosing, activated protein C and factor V dosing) were also performed. ISTH score enables early diagnosis of DIC.
Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation Tests , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/diagnosis , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/etiology , Adenocarcinoma/complications , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Blood Coagulation Tests/methods , Blood Coagulation Tests/standards , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/blood , Female , Hematoma/complications , Hematoma/diagnosis , Hemostasis/physiology , Humans , International Cooperation , Male , Middle Aged , Placenta Diseases/diagnosis , Postpartum Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Postpartum Hemorrhage/etiology , Pregnancy , Prostatic Neoplasms/complications , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Research Design , Shock, Septic/complications , Shock, Septic/diagnosis , Societies, Medical/organization & administration , Societies, Medical/standards , Thrombosis/diagnosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as atherosclerotic heart disease, is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. The role of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in the etiology of CAD remains to be more completely clarified. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the ACE I/D polymorphism in patients with CAD and to study the association together with traditional risk factors in assessing the risk of CAD. METHODS: Our study population included 145 Tunisian patients with symptomatic CAD and a control group of 300 people matched for age and sex. All participants in the study were genotyped for the ACE I/D polymorphisms obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification on genomic DNA. RESULTS: Our analysis showed that the ACE D allele frequency ( P < 10-3; odds ratio [OR] = 5.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.6-7.6) and DD genotype ( P < 10-3; OR = 6.8; 95% CI = 4.4-10) are significantly more prevalent among patients with CAD than in controls and may be predisposing to CAD. We further found that the risk of CAD is greatly potentiated by several concomitant risk factors (smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and a family history of CAD). CONCLUSION: The ACE D allele may be predictive in individuals who may be at risk of developing CAD. Further investigations of these polymorphisms and their possible synergisms with traditional risk factors for CAD could help to ascertain better predictability for CAD susceptibility.
