[The protective action of essentiale, riboxin, and elkar against hemotoxic anemia].

The introduction of phenylhydrazine in rats inhibited the hemopoiesis, decreased the functional activity of immune cells, hepatocytes and myocytes, and reduced the work capacity. The combined administration of essentiale and riboxin decreased the expression of inhibition of the nonspecific resistance and immune reactivity in rats pretreated with phenylhydrazine. The combined use of essentiale and elkar produced a hepatoprotective effect in rats with phenylhydrazine-induced hemotoxic anemia. Elkar in combination with riboxin enhance the physical work capacity in rats poisoned by the hemotropic toxin. The pairwise drug injections did not influence the reduced content of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood caused by phenylhydrazine. However, the combined injection of all the three drugs (essentiale, riboxin and elkar) decreased the expression of hemopoiesis inhibition.

[Protective effects of the regulators of energy metabolism and essentiale in case of nitrite intoxication].

The objective of this investigation was to assess immuno-, hepato- and actoprotective activity of mildronate and the impact of riboxin, elcar and essentiale on this drug in Wistar rats receiving the injections of sodium nitrite. The parameters characterizing non-specific resistance, immunological reactivity, the membranes state, detoxicating hepatic activity and physical performance. Mildronate administration increased functional activity of immune cells, hepatocytes and myocytes (but not up to normal limit) that had been reduced by sodium nitrite. The combination of mildronate and riboxine normalized phagocytic and metabolic activity of polymorphonuclear leucocytes, induced humoral immune response and delayed-onset hyperresponsiveness and normalized the ability of the intoxicated rats to perform submaximal physical activity. The combined administration of mildronate and essentiale normalized immune reactions, hepatic metabolism and physical performance of the rats poisoned by sodium nitrite. The combination of mildronate and riboxin or essentiale decreased the severity of damaged oxidation potential of the red blood cells of the intoxicated rats and prevented the development of erythrocytic immunosuppressive properties.

[Immunomodulating effects induced by the regulators of energy metabolism and the exposure to heat and cold in case of toxic affection of the kidneys].

The injection of HgCl2 to Wistar rats results in the affection of the excretory renal function, the development of immunosuppressive properties of red blood cells and the depression of immunological functions. The exposure to heat in combination with the injection of thiamin and inosin caused normalization of the immunological parameters of the intoxicated animals. The exposure to cold aggravates the severity of the immunological abnormalities induced by the injection of HgCl2. Thiamin in combination with inosin and carnitin with biotin significantly weaken the immunological disorders caused by intoxication and cooling.

[Protective effect of activators of biological oxidation in nitrite intoxication in rats].

The purpose of the study was to asses the effect of mexidol, cudesan, hypoxen and essenciale on the functions of the immune system, liver and muscular tissue in nitrite intoxication. The investigation was carried out on Wistar rats exposed to sodium nitrite. Administration of mexidol, cudesan or hypoxen to the animals did not affect the indices characterizing the functional activity of immunocytes, hepatocytes and myocytes. Mexidol in combination with cudesan reduced the intensity of the decrease of the functional metabolic activity of leukocytes and the development of the humoral immune response. Mexidol in combination with hypoxen increased the physical working cepacity of the animals. Both the combinations increased the rate of the drug biotransformation in the liver. The use of essenciale in combination with mexidol resulted in normalization of the metabolic functions of the liver. Essenciale in combination with cudesan normalized the majority of the immunity functions. The combination of essenciale with hypoxen recovered the lowered physical working capacity in the animals.

[Immunomodulating activity of polyunsaturated phospholipids and regulators of energy metabolism in toxic anemia]. / Immunomoduliruiushchaia aktivnost' polinenasyshchennykh fosfolipidov i reguliatorov énergeticheskogo obmena pri toksicheskoi anemii.

Possible potentiation of the immunomodulating effects of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism regulators by their use in combination with polyunsaturated phospholipids was studied. The polyunsaturated phospholipids in toxic anemia icreased the immunomodulating effects of thiamine and inosine which activated glucose catabolism in erythrocytes. The combined use of the polyunsaturated phospholipids and thiamine normalized the oxidation--energy status and lowered manifestation of the immunosuppressing properties of light erythrocytes in laboratory rats exposed to hemolytic poison. The use of the combination of the polyunsaturated phospholipids and inosine normalized the oxidation--energy status and induced manifestation of the immunomodulating properties in heavy erythrocytes of the poisoned rats. The globulin fraction of the rat serum containing antibodies to erythrocytes of the poisoned rats exposed to the polyunsaturated phospholipids and inosine increased the immunity status of the poisoned rats treated with the above mentioned agents. Carnitine and biotin in combination with the polyunsatured phospholipids showed no effect on the phagocytic and metabolic activity of leukocytes and the immunity status of the rats exposed to hemolytic poison.

[The immunometaboic effects of benfotiamine and riboxine on hemolytic anemia]. / Immunometabolicheskie éffekty, vyzyvaemye befotiaminom i riboksinom, pri gemoliticheskoi anemii.

Single (80 mg/kg) or multiply repeated (30 mg/kg) intramuscular injections of phenylhydrazine decrease the functional activity of mononuclear blood cells and the reduces immunological reactivity of the organism. Benfotiamine and riboxin decrease the extent of changes in the immunological response to a single administration of phenylhydrazine but do not significantly influence the immunological functions impaired by repeated injections of the hemolytic toxin.

[Immune and metabolic effects of carnitine and biotin in hemolytic anemia]. / Immunometabolicheskoe deistvie karnitina i biotina pri gemoliticheskoi anemii.

Single (80 mg/kg) or multiple (3 mg/kg) intramuscular introduction of phenylhydrazine decreases the functional activity of mononuclear blood cells and the immunological reactivity of the organism. Carnitine and biotin do not significantly influence the immunological response to a single administration of phenylhydrazine but noticeably reduce the expression of changes produced by repeated injections of the hemolytic toxin.