What has a year of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic influenced oral parafunctional habits and temporomandibular disorders? A case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: Few studies investigated the influence of oral parafunctional habits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since some studies have demonstrated that signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD), as well as psychological alterations, increased during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, the aim of this study was to investigate whether social isolation is a situation that increases the prevalence of oral parafunctional habits. METHODS: This was an observational case-control study. An online survey with questions about TMD symptoms (Diagnostic Criteria Symptom Questionnaire) and oral parafunctional habits (Oral Behaviours Checklist [OBC]) was administered to Brazilian residents at two different times (2020 and 2021). The participants were divided according to social isolation practices into study groups (GI: 2020, n = 507; GIII: 2021, n = 282) and control groups (GII: 2020, n = 98; GIV: 2021, n = 202). RESULT: In each group, we evaluated the association of the frequency of oral parafunctional habits with the symptoms of TMD, and we observed that individuals with a greater presence of painful TMD present a greater number of oral parafunctional habits. Despite the literature showing that individuals who practiced social isolation developed more oral parafunctional habits, when analysing the association of the OBC questions in Groups GI × GII and GIII × GIV, only 'sustained talking' (p = .0022) and 'hold telephone between your hand and shoulders' (p = .0124) showed a significant difference in GI × GII. Kendall's coefficient of concordance revealed that there was a very strong concordance (GI × GII 0.9515 (p = .0087) and GIII × GIV 0.9655 (p = .0074)) between the ranks of the analysed oral parafunctional habits in all groups. CONCLUSION: We can state that Individuals who practiced social isolation did not present more oral parafunctional habits than individuals who did not.

Efficacy and safety of nanoparticles of glibenclamide and organomodified layered double hydroxides in diabetics rats.

Glibenclamide (GB) is an important drug in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (DM II); however, its low solubility causes variability in its oral bioavailability, negatively affecting the pharmacological treatment. Nanoparticles (NP) of GB and organophilized Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) were developed to improve oral bioavailability and tested in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety. Blood glucose was measured for 12 h or after 28 days of treatment. In addition, body weight, water and feed consumption, hematological, biochemistry and morphological parameters and markers of oxidative stress were determined. After the treatment, GB with LDH normalized the blood glucose level, indicating a better release profile. Water and feed intake and body weight of animals treated with GB and GB with LDH were closer to the normoglycemic group and did not indicate signs of toxicity of the nanoparticles. The biochemical, hematological and histological results also showed no significant changes related to nanotoxicity. The combination of GB with LDH proved to be critical in the oxidative balance, as it reduced the oxidative stress of vascular tissue. In conclusion, NPs are a potential controlled release system for the treatment of DM II.

Maternidade em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19: o que nos revelam as mães atendidas em um hospital de referência / Maternidad en tiempos de pandemia de Covid-19: lo que nos revelan las madres atendidas en un hospital de referencia / Maternity in times of the Covid-19 pandemic: what mothers admitted in a reference hospital have to tell us

A pandemia de Covid-19 afetou todas as esferas da nossa vida. Mulheres no período perinatal têm necessidades únicas, demandando diretrizes de saúde e segurança devido aos riscos do isolamento social. Objetivou-se conhecer a vivência de mulheres na gestação ou puerpério no contexto da pandemia durante atendimento em hospital de referência. Estudo qualitativo pautado em referenciais da integralidade do cuidado e cotidiano. Participaram 18 mulheres, gestantes e puérperas. Três temas emergiram: repercussões na gestação e puerpério; repercussões na vida prática; e estratégias de enfrentamento criadas pelas mulheres. Os relatos desvelam diferentes repercussões da pandemia na vida das mulheres e de suas famílias, bem como estratégias e cuidados usados para mitigar os efeitos adversos. Sugere-se o direcionamento de medidas preventivas e políticas públicas que priorizem mulheres grávidas e puérperas, reconhecendo e acolhendo questões subjetivas envolvidas nesse momento na vida da mulher.(AU)

La pandemia de Covid-19 afectó todas las esferas de nuestra vida. Mujeres en el período perinatal tienen necesidades únicas, que demandan directrices de salud y seguridad con relación a los riesgos debido al aislamiento social. El objetivo fue conocer la experiencia de mujeres en la gestación o el puerperio en el contexto de la pandemia durante su atención en un hospital de referencia. Estudio cualitativo pautado en factores referenciales de la integralidad del cuidado y del cotidiano. Participaron 18 mujeres, gestantes y puérperas. Surgieron tres temas: Repercusiones en la gestación y el puerperio, repercusiones en la vida práctica y estrategias de enfrentamiento creadas por las mujeres. Los relatos muestran diferentes repercusiones de la pandemia en la vida de las mujeres y sus familias, así como estrategias y cuidados usados para mitigar los efectos adversos. Se sugiere la dirección de medidas preventivas y políticas públicas para que se prioricen las mujeres embarazadas y puérperas, reconociendo y recogiendo cuestiones subjetivas presentes en ese momento en la vida de la mujer.(AU)

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of our lives. Women in the perinatal period have unique needs, demanding health and safety guidelines regarding the risks associated to social isolation. The objective was to know the women's experience during pregnancy or puerperium in the pandemic while being cared at a hospital. Qualitative study referenced on concepts of integrality of care and daily life. Eighteen pregnant and postpartum participated. Three themes emerged: Repercussions on pregnancy and puerperium, repercussions on practical life, and coping strategies created by women. The reports reveal different repercussions of the pandemic in the lives of women and their families, also the strategies and precautions used to mitigate its adverse effects. We suggest directing preventive measures and public health policies to prioritize pregnant and postpartum women, recognizing and embracing subjective issues involved at this moment in women's lives.(AU)

Dossiê: Contra o Pacote do Veneno e em Defesa da Vida! / Dossier: Against the Poison Package and in Defense of Life!

Este livro é composto por documentos que fazem uma revisão do dossiê científico e técnico contra o Projeto de Lei do Veneno (PL 6.299/2002) e a favor do Projeto de Lei que institui a Política Nacional de Redução de Agrotóxicos (PNARA) da Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (ABRASCO) e da Associação Brasileira de Agroecologia (ABA) publicado em julho de 2018. Na edição atual, incluiu um esforço colaborativo das editoras Expressão Popular, Hucitec, Abrasco e Rede Unida. Conforme explica Wanderlei Pignati, doutor e pesquisador do NEAST da UFMT, na apresentação da edição atual, "este novo Dossiê expressa mais um importante estímulo aos movimentos em defesa da vida e contra o uso e abuso de agrotóxicos pelo agronegócio ecocida". "Ele relata as diversas manobras do Congresso Nacional nas tentativas de aprovar o "Pacote do Veneno" ou Projeto de Lei n.º 6.299/2002 e analisa e denuncia as propostas perversas do agronegócio e das indústrias agroquímicas e seus aliados no Executivo e Legislativo, no sentido de aumentarem ainda mais a venda e o uso de agrotóxicos, consequentemente, ampliando a intoxicação da vida (vegetal, animal e ambiental) no território brasileiro". "O livro aponta esperanças e alternativas para enfrentar este conluio de morte, mostrando práticas e trazendo propostas baseadas na produção agroecológica, de caráter coletivo, democrático, de promoção da vida e produção de alimentos saudáveis. Estes itens estão contidos na Política Nacional de Redução do Uso de Agrotóxicos ou PNARA ou Projeto de Lei n.º 6.670/2016, defendido neste Dossiê". "Espero que este novo grito de alerta nos leve a caminhar para outro modo de vida, com saúde, democracia, felicidade e poesia, necessários neste momento de crise sanitária e humanitária e de aprofundamento da colonização do mundo pelo poder do capital".

One-pot synthesis of the organomodified layered double hydroxides - glibenclamide biocompatible nanoparticles.

In this work, synthesis of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) organomodified LDH Zn2Al carrying glibenclamide (GLIB) was performed in one step and in one-pot to obtain nanoparticles (NP). XRD data showed GLIB adsolubilization (d = 14.03 Å) and NP coating with Eudragit L100®. In addition, thermal and XRD data showed exfoliated/intercalated nanocomposite for NP S5 (LDH associated with SDS and Eudragit L100®). LDH organophilization and GLIB intercalation reduced surface area (SBET 23.58 m2/g) and NP size (469 nm). In addition, the change in zeta potential (-35.5 ζ) relative to pristine LDH (SBET 41.34 m2/g, 688.8 nm and +14 ζ) indicated that LDH functionalization seems an appropriate approach to produce NP with greater colloidal stability and enhanced functionality. The zinc release data from the LDH matrix (2.96 % ±0.002 ppm) showed the effectiveness of the coating in acid medium (pH 1.2) and the release data from GLIB showed the kinetics of release of zero order with release in simulated intestinal medium (pH 7.4) of 88 % and 73 % (24 h) for uncoated and coated NP, respectively. All NP were considered biocompatible in the WST-1 assay on BALB 3T3 fibroblast strains making these NP promising therapeutically.

Evaluation of Ocular Surface Disease in Patients With Glaucoma: Clinical Parameters, Self-report Assessment, and Keratograph Analysis.

PURPOSE: To assess ocular surface disease (OSD) in glaucoma using clinical parameters, self-report assessment, and keratograph analysis. METHODS: A total of 30 glaucoma patients and 27 subjects with cataracts (control group) were enrolled in the study. Only glaucoma patients who were using at least 1 topical intraocular pressure-lowering medication were included. An ophthalmological examination was performed, including tear break-up time (BUT), assessment of conjunctival hyperemia and keratitis, and completion of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. All the patients underwent keratograph analysis including noninvasive BUT, meibography, tear meniscus height, and redness scale. Quality of life was also assessed in all the patients using National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ)-25. The comparison of OSD between the 2 groups was assessed. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in OSD: keratitis and conjunctival hyperemia were worse in the glaucoma group (P=0.009 and 0.008, respectively). The glaucoma group had significantly worse scores on the OSDI questionnaire (32.53±20.75 vs. 20.42±18.77; P=0.007). For the keratograph assessment, the glaucoma group had significantly smaller tear meniscus height (0.22±0.08 vs. 0.24±0.04, respectively; P=0.041); worse bulbar redness (2.06±0.67 vs. 1.70±0.45, respectively; P=0.021); higher meibography grades (2.34±1.01 vs. 1.52±0.64, respectively; P=0.001); and worse noninvasive keratograph tear BUT (5.45±4.16 vs. 8.40±5.65, respectively; P=0.023). Patients with glaucoma had a worse quality of life (60.73±18.25 vs. 76.62±8.03, respectively; P=0.039). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings not only confirm the high prevalence of clinical findings of OSD in glaucoma patients but also reveal new objective parameters measured by keratograph analysis.

Análise da smear layer produzida em preparos dentários com pontas diamantadas e CVD / SEM Analysis of smear layers of tooth preparations using rotatory and CVD ultrasonic diamonds points

Realizou-se análise comparativa de presença de smear layer após preparos dentários com pontas diamantadas em alta rotação e pontas diamantadas CVD em ultrassom, associados a condicionamento ácido em concentrações diferentes. Em 30 dentes bovinos, distribuídos em três grupos de 10 amostras, verificaram-se somente preparos: seguidos de condicionamento com ácido fosfórico a 37% e condicionados com ácido fosfórico a 15%. As amostras foram analisadas via microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Verificou-se diferença estatística entre os dois sistemas de preparo, o que sugere que as pontas CVD em ultrassom proporcionam menor formação de smear layer nos três grupos e maior quantidade de túbulos dentinários desobstruídos após condicionamento ácido...

The aim of this work was to make a comparative analysis of smear layers produced from high-speed rotatory and ultrasound CVD diamond points, after tooth preparation, and after applicaion of 15% and 37% phosphoric acid. Two similar preparations were made on each of the thirty cattle teeth ascribed to three groups according to the following: preparation without treatment, after etching using 15% phosphoric acid and 37% phosphoric acid (n=10). The thickness and percent area of preparation were estimated under SEM. It was fon statistically signiifcant differences between groups, according to Tukey’s test, ie, CVD ultrasonic points produced less smear layer for the three groups, and greater amount of open dentin tubules after acid etching...