Factores de riesgo para las infecciones causadas por Ureaplasma diversum en vacas de un ambiente tropical / Risk factors for Ureaplasma diversum infections in cattle of a tropical environment

A case-control study, determined the influence of breed, age and number of deliveries as risk factors for Ureaplasma genital infections in Costa Rica dairy cattle. The animals with none or one delivery had a risk of infection 2.99 times higher than those with several parturition, regardless of breed. The risk was 1.95 times higher in Jersey than in Holstein, and decreased progressively until three deliveries. In cows with four deliveries there was a significant increase in the amount of animals infected and also a significant difference in the rate of infection between Holstein (27 per cent) and Jersey (64 per cent). Ureaplasma isolation was rare in cows with more than six deliveries

[Risk factors for Ureaplasma diversum infections in cattle of a tropical environment]. / Factores de riesgo para las infecciones causadas por Ureaplasma diversum en vacas de un ambiente tropical.

A case-control study, determined the influence of breed, age and number of deliveries as risk factors for Ureaplasma genital infections in Costa Rica dairy cattle. The animals with none or one delivery had a risk of infection 2.99 times higher than those with several parturition, regardless of breed. The risk was 1.95 times higher in Jersey than in Holstein, and decreased progressively until three deliveries. In cows with four deliveries there was a significant increase in the amount of animals infected and also a significant difference in the rate of infection between Holstein (27%) and Jersey (64%). Ureaplasma isolation was rare in cows with more than six deliveries.

Aislamiento de la bacteria Ureaplasma sp. en el tracto reproductivo de vacas lecheras de Costa Rica / Isolation of the bacteria Ureaplasma sp. in the reproductive tract of milking cows in Costa Rica

This is the first report of Ureaplasma sp. from the reproductive tract of Costa Rican cows. Among 204 animals sampled from 11 dairy farms in the country's Central Plateau, the infection rate was 0-71 per cent. Isolation was more frequent in vulvo-vestibular (38.7 per cent) than in cervical swabs (23 per cent). Ureaplasma was correlated with clinical granular vulvitis symptoms

[Isolation of the bacteria Ureaplasma sp. in the reproductive tract of milking cows in Costa Rica]. / Aislamiento de la bacteria Ureaplasma sp. en el tracto reproductivo de vacas lecheras de Costa Rica.

This is the first report of Ureaplasma sp. from the reproductive tract of Costa Rican cows. Among 204 animals sampled from 11 dairy farms in the country's Central Plateau, the infection rate was 0-71%. Isolation was more frequent in vulvo-vestibular (38.7%) than in cervical swabs (23%). Ureaplasma was correlated with clinical granular vulvitis symptoms.

Age-dependent changes in serotonergic modulation of yawning in the rat.

Serotonin (5-HT) effects on physostigmine (PHY)-induced yawning were studied in LY Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting Lu 10 171 (citalopram), a specific 5-HT uptake blocker, and two antagonists--methiothepine and ritanserin--which differ slightly in the selectivity of their actions on different 5-HT receptor subtypes. Infant and young rats show significant increases in PHY-induced yawning when preinjected with citalopram (5-10 mg/kg). Two-month-old animals show this effect only with 10 mg/kg. With adult animals (3-5 months old), the effect is the opposite: Yawning decreases. The facilitory effect in infant and young rats was counteracted by methiothepine but not by ritanserin, suggesting that it is mediated through 5-HT1A or 5-HT1B receptor subtypes. The inhibitory effect of citalopram in adult rats was unmodified by the two antagonists used, leaving open the possibility that it is mediated by 5-HT3 receptors.