ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To present the process in the design, development and implementation of Mexico's National Adolescent Health Program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In efforts to arrive at a consensus regarding the health care priorities for Mexico's adolescent population, 37 public and private institutions dedicated to adolescent health care and social issues were invited to participate in a strategic analysis regarding a joint action plan for health promotion in adolescents with special emphasis on resilience as protective factor. The definition of the action plan involved the participation of 190 health professionals responsible for child and adolescent health programs in the discussion and drafting of the National Health Program. RESULTS: The steps and issues discussed by the 37 participating institutions leading to the development of the National Health Plan are reviewed. CONCLUSIONS: The product of this exercise led to the elaboration of a consensus document that served as the framework for Mexico's National Adolescent Health Plan and that now serves 23.5 million adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age. This action plan was been reviewed by the World Health Organization, which cited Mexico as one of the eight model countries addressing adolescent health.
Subject(s)
Adolescent Health Services , National Health Programs , Adolescent , Consensus , Health Plan Implementation , Health Priorities , Humans , MexicoABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify the health status of adolescents in Mexico in their demographic, social and economic context. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search and review of vital statistics, and opinion surveys were performed in order to asses the impact of the epidemiologic transition on the availability and priority of health services for adolescents. The Omran epidemiologic model was used to classify the demographic, social and economic characteristics of Mexican adolescents in efforts to define their impact on the epidemiologic transition of this age group. RESULTS: Demographic data are presented in the perspective of the epidemiologic transition which permit us to make inferences on the social conditions, growth patterns and health needs of this age group in Mexico. Data are presented regarding the demand and availability of health services, the impact of education and employment opportunities and the role of family and the economy on their well being. Other important aspects presented include the role of education on the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents and the threat of the AIDS pandemic in this age group. CONCLUSIONS: These findings reveal a sequence of variables that can no longer be addressed in the traditional problem oriented approach and strongly suggest a need to profile the health needs of adolescents in an integrated, holistic fashion with emphasis in health promotion and healthy life styles to favor their integral, just and equitable development, and also help focus the societal response in an integrated manner.
Subject(s)
Adolescent Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Health Status Indicators , Health Transition , Population Dynamics , Adolescent , Health Services Accessibility , Humans , Mexico/epidemiology , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Identificar los niveles de salud de la adolescencia en México en su demografía, contexto social y económico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se efectuó una revisión de la literatura y de estadísticas vitales, así como de encuestas de opinión, con la finalidad de evaluar el impacto de la transición epidemiológica frente a la disponibilidad y prioridades de los servicios de salud para adolescentes. El modelo epidemiológico de Omran se utilizó para clasificar las características demográficas, sociales y económicas de adolescentes mexicanos como un esfuerzo para definir su impacto en la transición epidemiológica de este grupo de edad. RESULTADOS: Los datos demográficos se presentan en una perspectiva de la transición epidemiológica, la cual nos permite realizar inferencias de las condiciones sociales, patrones de desarrollo y de necesidades en salud de este grupo poblacional en México. Los datos se presentan atendiendo a la demanda y disponibilidad de servicios de salud, el impacto de la educación, las oportunidades de empleo, el rol en la familia y el bienestar. Otros aspectos importantes presentados incluyen la educación sexual y la salud reproductiva, y los relacionados con el SIDA/VIH como pandemia en este grupo de edad. CONCLUSIONES: Los hallazgos presentados revelan que la secuencia tradicional de variables, en la explicación de la transición epidemiológica, no puede seguir manejándose como hasta ahora y nos sugieren de manera imperativa la necesidad de perfilar las necesidades de salud de la adolescencia desde un enfoque holístico, con énfasis en la promoción de estilos de vida sana, que favorezcan un desarrollo justo y equitativo y que además ayuden a enfocar la respuesta social organizada
