Subject(s)
AIDS Serodiagnosis , Developing Countries , Global Health , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Cost of Illness , Decision Trees , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/economics , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Humans , Infant , Infant, NewbornSubject(s)
Developing Countries , Diagnostic Services , Global Health , Health Services Accessibility , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis , Bacteriological Techniques , Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis , Cost of Illness , Decision Trees , Gonorrhea/diagnosis , Humans , Models, Theoretical , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control , Syphilis/diagnosisABSTRACT
As part of its commitment to increasing the pipeline of physicians pursuing careers in clinical research, the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation launched the Doris Duke Clinical Research Fellowship (CRF) Program for medical students in 2000. The program, which is based at 10 US medical schools, provides medical students from any US medical school with the opportunity to spend 1 year obtaining both didactic and "hands-on" mentored clinical research experience. This article describes the program and summarizes the early outcomes collected during the first 3.5 years of the program. Interest in the program among medical students has been robust and widespread, with 35% of CRF program fellows matriculated at non-CRF schools. Exit surveys of the first three classes of fellows totaling 174 fellows indicated that (1) 97% of the fellows felt that participating in the fellowship was a good decision; (2) commitment to a career in clinical research was increased among the 44% of fellows reporting that they were unsure about pursuing a clinical research career when they began their fellowship; (3) there was no difference in satisfaction level between the fellows who remained at the medical schools in which they were matriculated and those who completed their fellowship at a medical school in which they were not matriculated; and (4) the majority of fellows responded that the didactic component of their fellowship was useful.
Subject(s)
Biomedical Research/education , Education, Medical , Fellowships and Scholarships , Biomedical Research/history , Education, Medical/history , Fellowships and Scholarships/history , History, 21st Century , HumansSubject(s)
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/classification , ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics , Cryptosporidium parvum/metabolism , ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism , Animals , Caco-2 Cells , Cryptosporidium parvum/genetics , Cryptosporidium parvum/growth & development , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Fluorescent Antibody Technique/methods , Humans , Immunoblotting , Microscopy, Confocal , Molecular Sequence DataABSTRACT
We modeled surface wetness at high resolution, using a dynamic hydrology model, to predict flood and swamp water mosquito abundances. Historical meteorologic data, as well as topographic, soil, and vegetation data, were used to model surface wetness and identify potential fresh and swamp water breeding habitats in two northern New Jersey watersheds. Surface wetness was positively associated with the subsequent abundance of the dominant floodwater mosquito species, Aedes vexans, and the swamp water species, Anopheles walkeri. The subsequent abundance of Culex pipiens, a species that breeds in polluted, eutrophic waters, was negatively correlated with local modeled surface wetness. These associations permit real-time monitoring and forecasting of these floodwater and nonfloodwater species at high spatial and temporal resolution. These predictions will enable public health agencies to institute control measures before the mosquitoes emerge as adults, when their role as transmitters of disease comes into play.
