OUTCOME OF SHOULDER HEMIARTHROPLASTY FOR COMPLEX PROXIMAL HUMERAL FRACTURE IN VIETDUC UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL.

ABSTRACTS: Translational Study Introduction: The proximal humeral fracture accounts for 4-5% of all fractures1 and traffic accidents are often the main cause of this injury in Vietnam. Shoulder hemiarthroplasty is a suitable option in treating a complex proximal humeral fracture, especially in the elderly, and improves quality of life. This study describes clinical and radiographic characteristics of complex proximal humerus fractures and evaluates the results of shoulder hemiarthroplasty for this type of fracture at Viet Duc University Hospital Materials and methods: A retrospective study of 78 cases with complex proximal humeral fractures underwent shoulder hemiarthroplasty in Viet Duc University Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021. RESULTS: Traffic accidents (42 cases, 53.8%); daily-life accidents (34 cases, 43.6%), other causes were less common (2 cases, 2.6%). 74.4% of the patients had no pain, 17.4% mild pain, 7.7% moderate pain, and no patients suffered from severe pain that required regular narcotic analgesics. The mean postoperative Constant score was 67.45 ± 13.20. CONCLUSION: In Viet Nam, the most common cause of injury was a traffic accident, primarily occurring in young males with complex proximal humerus fractures, shoulder hemiarthroplasty for complex proximal humerus fractures improves postoperative pain and shoulder function.

Morphological Characteristics of the Vietnamese Adult Human Acetabulum Using Multiplanar Reconstruction Computed Tomography in Total Hip Replacement Surgery.

Background: The anatomical parameters of the acetabulum vary among races and geographical regions. Multislice Computed Tomography (CT) has proven to be a practical approach to assess morphological parameters of the acetabulum. The purpose of this study was to explore morphological characteristics of the acetabulum measured by CT scans in Vietnamese adults. Methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients aged 18 years and older received indications and eligibility for total hip replacement surgery. Sixty-three acetabulum were examined with multislice computed tomographic system (CT) with multiplanar reconstruction (MPR). Measured morphometric parameters of acetabulum included acetabular inclination angle (AIA), acetabular anteversion angle (AAA), acetabular angle of sharp (AAS), sagittal acetabular angle (SAA), acetabular horizontal offset (AHO), transverse acetabular ligament anteversion (TALA), transverse acetabular ligament inclination (TALI), acetabular depth (ADe), acetabular depth ratio (ADr) and acetabular diameter (ADi). Results: The mean values of acetabular diameter, femoral head diameter, AIA, AAA, AAS, SAA, TALA, TALI, AHO, ADe, ADr were 50.22±3.56 mm, 43.54±3.68 mm, 40.27±5.09 mm, 13.30±5.54 mm, 39.46±5.41 mm, 26.38±9.01 mm, 9.49±3.92 mm, 47.70±6.73 mm, 3.06±0.37 mm, 18.62±2.95 mm and 309.60±41.87 mm. Conclusion: Our initial data has showed morphological characteristics of the acetabulum in Vietnamese adults, different from the populations from other parts of world. Also, significant correlation between the orientation of the acetabulum and the transverse acetabular ligament was documented.

Chemical Profiles of the Oxides on Tantalum in State of the Art Superconducting Circuits.

Over the past decades, superconducting qubits have emerged as one of the leading hardware platforms for realizing a quantum processor. Consequently, researchers have made significant effort to understand the loss channels that limit the coherence times of superconducting qubits. A major source of loss has been attributed to two level systems that are present at the material interfaces. It is recently shown that replacing the metal in the capacitor of a transmon with tantalum yields record relaxation and coherence times for superconducting qubits, motivating a detailed study of the tantalum surface. In this work, the chemical profile of the surface of tantalum films grown on c-plane sapphire using variable energy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (VEXPS) is studied. The different oxidation states of tantalum that are present in the native oxide resulting from exposure to air are identified, and their distribution through the depth of the film is measured. Furthermore, it is shown how the volume and depth distribution of these tantalum oxidation states can be altered by various chemical treatments. Correlating these measurements with detailed measurements of quantum devices may elucidate the underlying microscopic sources of loss.

Entropy Analysis of the Thermal Convection of Nanosuspension within a Chamber with a Heat-Conducting Solid Fin.

Heat transport augmentation in closed chambers can be achieved using nanofluids and extended heat transfer surfaces. This research is devoted to the computational analysis of natural convection energy transport and entropy emission within a closed region, with isothermal vertical borders and a heat-conducting solid fin placed on the hot border. Horizontal walls were assumed to be adiabatic. Control relations written using non-primitive variables with experimentally based correlations for nanofluid properties were computed by the finite difference technique. The impacts of the fin size, fin position, and nanoadditive concentration on energy transfer performance and entropy production were studied. It was found that location of the long fin near the bottom wall allowed for the intensification of convective heat transfer within the chamber. Moreover, this position was characterized by high entropy generation. Therefore, the minimization of the entropy generation can define the optimal location of the heat-conducting fin using the obtained results. An addition of nanoparticles reduced the heat transfer strength and minimized the entropy generation.

New material platform for superconducting transmon qubits with coherence times exceeding 0.3 milliseconds.

The superconducting transmon qubit is a leading platform for quantum computing and quantum science. Building large, useful quantum systems based on transmon qubits will require significant improvements in qubit relaxation and coherence times, which are orders of magnitude shorter than limits imposed by bulk properties of the constituent materials. This indicates that relaxation likely originates from uncontrolled surfaces, interfaces, and contaminants. Previous efforts to improve qubit lifetimes have focused primarily on designs that minimize contributions from surfaces. However, significant improvements in the lifetime of two-dimensional transmon qubits have remained elusive for several years. Here, we fabricate two-dimensional transmon qubits that have both lifetimes and coherence times with dynamical decoupling exceeding 0.3 milliseconds by replacing niobium with tantalum in the device. We have observed increased lifetimes for seventeen devices, indicating that these material improvements are robust, paving the way for higher gate fidelities in multi-qubit processors.