ABSTRACT
Isolated pancreatic metastases are rare. The differential diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasms can be difficult, especially it can be troublesome to obtain tissue diagnosis. However, pancreatic lesions in patients with a history of a malignancy must be considered to be metastases. We present a case of a patient with a history of a Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in the neck. Twelve months after this diagnosis a follow-up CT shows a large isolated tumor in the head of the pancreas. Histological and immunohistochemical studies of specimen obtained through ultrasound-guided transabdominal biopsy, show similar characteristics as the primary MCC. To our knowledge twelve cases of a pancreatic metastasis of a MCC have been reported in English literature. A review of the literature was performed.
Subject(s)
Anastomosis, Surgical , Aneurysm, False/therapy , Aneurysm, Ruptured/therapy , Device Removal , Embolization, Therapeutic/instrumentation , Endoscopy , Foreign-Body Migration/therapy , Hepatic Artery , Hepatic Duct, Common , Liver Transplantation , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Aged , Aneurysm, False/diagnosis , Aneurysm, Ruptured/diagnosis , Cholangiography , Cholelithiasis/diagnosis , Cholelithiasis/therapy , Foreign-Body Migration/diagnosis , Hepatic Artery/surgery , Humans , Male , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Retreatment , Stents , Surgical InstrumentsABSTRACT
A simple, readily accessible, and inexpensive intervention which produces immediate improvements in the reading comprehension abilities of reading-disabled children has been found. The intervention consists of colored overlays, or overlays which reduce the contrast of printed materials. This intervention produces reading comprehension gains in approximately 80 percent of the reading-disabled children tested.
Subject(s)
Audiovisual Aids , Color Therapy , Dyslexia/rehabilitation , Analysis of Variance , Cellophane , Child , Color Perception , Contrast Sensitivity , Humans , ReadingSubject(s)
Dyslexia , Child , Color , Dyslexia/diagnosis , Dyslexia/physiopathology , Dyslexia/therapy , Filtration , Humans , Physician's Role , Reading , Visual PerceptionABSTRACT
Recent research suggests that some children who are reading disabled exhibit sensory deficits associated with poor temporal processing. The performance of disabled readers on various perceptual tasks is consistent with a temporal processing deficit hypothesis. Visual masking paradigms were utilized to obtain direct measures of the temporal aspects of processing in normal and disabled readers, and showed that the visual processing of disabled readers is characterized by a longer integration time and a slower processing rate for both simple and word-like stimuli. Image blurring, which reduces the contrast of high spatial frequencies, reestablished normal temporal processing of words in disabled readers.
