ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The concurrent incidence of autoimmune comorbidities in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is known. However, the association between OCD and related autoimmune skin diseases (ASDs) has not been well studied. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between OCD and the risk of ASDs. METHODS: To assess the risk of developing ASDs, we recruited 44 324 patients with OCD and 177 296 matched controls from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. A Cox regression model was used for the analyses. RESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, an increased risk of ASDs among the patients with OCD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 6.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.43-7.45) was found when compared to the controls. Statistically significant associations were found between OCD and seven individual ASDs, including psoriasis (aHR: 12.52; 95% CI: 8.78-17.85), lichen planus (aHR: 27.22; 95% CI: 13.09-56.60), alopecia areata (aHR: 13.69; 95% CI: 9.38-19.98), autoimmune bullous diseases (aHR: 4.30; 95% CI: 2.03-9.11), hidradenitis suppurativa (aHR: 29.95; 95% CI: 3.35-267.62), vitiligo (aHR: 9.35; 95% CI: 5.35-16.32), and lupus erythematosus (aHR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.52-2.91). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with OCD had an increased risk of developing ASDs compared to matched controls. Further studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
Psoriasis has been associated with the risk of several ocular complications; however, its relationship with retinal diseases remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the risk of developing retinal diseases in patients with psoriasis. Study participants were recruited from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. A total of 11 729 psoriasis patients and 117 290 matched controls were included, showing an incidence rate of 121.15 and 28.34 cases of retinal diseases per 100 000 person-years, respectively. Compared with controls, patients with psoriasis had an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 3.40 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.63-4.39) for retinal diseases after adjustment for potential confounders. Regarding the individual retinal disease, psoriasis patients had a significantly higher risk of developing retinal detachment (aHR, 5.07; 95% CI, 2.92-8.79), retinal vascular occlusion (aHR, 3.75; 95% CI 2.42-5.82), and retinopathy (aHR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.99-4.05) than controls. In conclusion, patients with psoriasis had a significantly higher risk of retinal diseases than controls. Further studies are necessary to investigate the pathophysiology underlying the relationship between psoriasis and retinal diseases.
Subject(s)
Psoriasis , Retinal Diseases , Cohort Studies , Humans , Incidence , Psoriasis/epidemiology , Retinal Diseases/epidemiology , Retinal Diseases/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Taiwan/epidemiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing dermatitis of unknown etiology. It is thought that abnormal regulation of Th1 and Th2 is not only the major cause of AD, but also the vital pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. To date, no large-scale studies have been performed on the relationship between AD and autoimmune disease. By conducting a nationwide population-based study with case-controls in Taiwan, we sought to clarify the association of AD with other autoimmune diseases to obtain a better understanding of its pathogenesis. METHODS: Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan from 1997 to 2010. In total, 41950 patients with AD and 167800 age- and gender-matched controls were enrolled. RESULTS: Patients with AD tended to have a high risk of associated lupus erythematosus (LE) (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.48-2.54). The risk of LE was higher in female AD patients (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.53-2.76) than in male AD patients (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 0.76-2.85). Juvenile patients younger than 18 yrs with AD had higher risk of LE (OR: 3.02, 95% CI: 1.30-7.03) than adult patients with AD (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.26-2.24). CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed the association between AD and LE. Early survey for LE in juvenile patients with AD is recommended.
