The Mental Health Implications of Corporate Social Responsibility: The Significance of the Sense-Making Process and Prosocial Motivation.

As corporate social responsibility (CSR) has progressively ascended to prominence among academics and industry professionals, numerous studies have embarked on examining its impact on employees' perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. Notwithstanding, the current body of research has predominantly overlooked the influence of CSR on employees' mental health, encompassing depression, anxiety, and burnout. In order to acknowledge the critical role of employee mental health within an organization, our exploration is focused on discerning the effect of CSR on depressive states. Furthermore, our paper undertakes a thorough analysis of the link between CSR and depression, probing its underlying processes and potential contingent factors. We posit that CSR can alleviate the incidence of employee depression by amplifying the sense of meaningfulness that work provides. Moreover, the element of prosocial motivation among employees may act as a positive moderating variable that intensifies the beneficial effect of CSR on the sense of meaningfulness derived from work. By relying on data obtained through a tripartite online survey involving 214 South Korean workers, this paper scrutinized the proposed hypotheses via the application of moderated mediation analysis with structural equation modeling. We contend that the insights yielded by this study bear significant theoretical and practical implications.

The differential roles of shame and guilt in the relationship between self-discrepancy and psychological maladjustment.

The self-discrepancy theory proposes that having inconsistent self-representations can trigger feelings of shame and guilt, leading to experiences of depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to determine the distinct characteristics of each shame and guilt in relation to the connection between actual/ideal self-discrepancy and depression, as well as actual/ought self-discrepancy and anxiety. A total of 403 participants completed an online questionnaire assessing their self-discrepancy, shame, guilt, depression, and anxiety. Correlational analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis were used to assess the goodness of fit of the proposed model and the structural relationships between the variables. The key findings were as follows: (1) There were positive correlations among actual/ideal self-discrepancy, actual/ought self-discrepancy, shame, guilt, depression, and anxiety; (2) Shame partially mediated the association between actual/ideal self-discrepancy and depression; and (3) Guilt fully mediated the association between actual/ought self-discrepancy and anxiety. These outcomes uphold the self-discrepancy theory by confirming a distinct intra-psychological process involving shame and guilt. Each type of self-discrepancy was related to experiences of depression and anxiety. Our data suggest that researchers and practitioners should prioritize shame and guilt when examining individuals' self-discrepancy and related mental health challenges.

Latent profile analysis on Korean nurses: Emotional labour strategies and well-being.

AIMS: To identify the unique profiles of emotional labour management strategies among Korean nurses in regards to the preferences of surface acting (affecting emotions required at the workplace) and deep acting (trying to genuinely experience emotions required at the workplace), a latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted. In addition, differences in psychological and occupational well-being between the discovered profiles are examined. DESIGN: An exploratory, cross-sectional LPA design was employed. METHODS: Nurses (N = 204) working in university hospitals in South Korea responded to the survey during November 2019. Participants completed the Emotional Labour Questionnaire, a portion of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire short form and the Turnover Intentions Scale. RESULTS: As a result of LPA on nurses' surface acting and deep acting, five profiles were discovered: non-actors, surface actors, moderators, regulators and high regulators. In addition, differences in emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction and turnover intentions between profiles were examined. Profiles that used high levels of surface acting had high levels of emotional exhaustion and turnover intentions. CONCLUSION: Nurses with characteristics of surface actors, high regulators profiles in emotional labour context are more prone to emotional exhaustion and turnover possibilities, compared with other profiles (non-actors, moderators and regulators). IMPACT: Insights from the current study are beneficial to hospitals in preventing potential emotional exhaustion and nurse turnover by responding to high-risk profiles and customizing emotional labour management policies with regards to the different profiles of nurses' emotional labour.

A review and meta-analysis of perfectionism interventions: Comparing face-to-face with online modalities.

Extending Lloyd, Schmidt, Khondoker, and Tchanturia (2015), this review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of randomized controlled trials aimed at reducing perfectionism and associated symptoms of depression and anxiety. Of particular interest was the examination of a moderator of delivery method (face-to-face vs. online) in testing the effectiveness of psychological interventions. Also examined is the effect of two structural moderators (control condition type, sample characteristic). A total of 10 studies were identified (65 perfectionism effect sizes, 8 depression effect sizes, and 8 anxiety effect sizes). Psychological interventions were effective in decreasing perfectionism dimensions, depression, and anxiety with medium effect sizes. There were no significant differences in delivery modality, control condition type, and sample characteristic on effect sizes. Findings suggest that psychological interventions are generally effective in reducing perfectionism, although there is no apparent delineation in increasing "adaptive" perfectionism and decreasing "maladaptive" perfectionism. Although comparable benefits were shown in face-to-face and online intervention delivery modes, we suggest prudently incorporating online interventions into clinical practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Moderating Effects of Prevention-Focus on the Paths from Two Insecure Attachment Dimensions to Depression.

The present study investigated the moderating effects of prevention-focus on the paths from the dimensions of insecure attachment (attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety) to depression. Two hundred twenty eight Korean college students completed the Experience in Close Relationship - Revised Scale; the Regulatory Focus Strategies Scale; and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results revealed a significant moderating effect for prevention-focus on the path from attachment avoidance to depression, but not on the path from attachment anxiety to depression. They further suggest that different interventions are needed for different combinations of persons' insecure attachment dimensions and levels of prevention-focus. Counseling implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Validity of the Breakup Strategies Questionnaire in Korea: Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling and Rasch's Modeling.

This study examines the validity of the Korean implementation of the Breakup Strategies Questionnaire. In Study 1, the construct validity of the Breakup Strategies Questionnaire was explored with 292 Korean undergraduate students. Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling and Rasch's Modeling suggest 30 items with four factors (Avoidance/withdrawal, Positive tone/self-blame, Open confrontation, and Indirect manipulation) and five points in response. Study 2 with 174 Korean undergraduate students suggested potential gender differences in breakup strategy dimensions and provided support for concurrent validity with a measure of personal styles of coping as well as discriminant validity with social desirability. Cultural implications for the use of breakup strategies are discussed.

Life satisfaction in middle-aged Koreans: mediating effects of domain-specific self-esteem satisfaction, and sex differences.

The current study was an attempt to examine the interplay between domain-specific self-esteem and life satisfaction with middle-aged Koreans. For four domains (Social/Objective Ability, Positive Characteristics, Interpersonal Relationships, and Family), the mediating effects of the satisfaction index of domain-specific self-esteem between the importance index of domain-specific self-esteem and life satisfaction were tested using structural equation modeling. 364 Koreans in their 40s and 50s were recruited through stratified sampling. Overall, the satisfaction index of domain-specific self-esteem was found to be a strong mediator across all the four domains; for middle-aged Koreans, if they appraised their self-esteem in a given domain as important and they felt satisfied in that domain, their life satisfaction was likely to be higher. Additionally, results of multi-group analysis suggested that the strengths of associations in the model were different between men and women in the Interpersonal Relationships domain.

Factor structure of the perfectionistic self-presentation scale in Korea.

This study explored the factor structure of the Korean version of the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, originally developed by Hewitt and colleagues in 2003 with three factors (Perfectionistic Self-promotion, Non-display of Imperfection, and Non-disclosure of Imperfection). In Study 1, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the Korean version with 27 items for 151 Korean college students, but the model fit was poor. Subsequently, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and the results yielded three factors as found in Hewitt, et al., yet with 20 items rather than the original 27 items. This new version had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha =.88); convergent validity estimate was established with a measure of self-presentation motivation. In Study 2, to support the structural validity of the Korean version, another confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with 203 Korean college students. The model fit was good, but a few amendments were made.

Do clients' problem-solving appraisals predict career counseling outcomes or vice versa? A reanalysis of Heppner, et al.

Using Heppner, et al.'s data from 2004, this study tested career counseling clients in the United States on problem-solving appraisal scores and career-related variables. A cross-lagged panel design with structural equation modeling was used. Results supported the link between clients' precounseling problem-solving appraisal scores and career outcome. This finding held for career decision-making, but not for vocational identity. The study provided further support for Heppner, et al.'s findings, highlighting the influential role of clients' problem-solving appraisals in advancing their career decision-making processes.