ABSTRACT
This study validated the analysis of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in shellfish and cephalopods using a gas chromatograph equipped with a mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), and monitored residual pesticide levels. The QuEChERS method was used to analyze OCPs and was validated by checking the linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), accuracy, and precision. Octopus minor and Venerupis philippinarum, were purchased from four cities in the South Korean peninsula. The LOD values were 0.10-0.80 ng/g in shellfish and 0.21-0.77 ng/g in cephalopods, while the LOQ values were 0.31-2.41 ng/g in shellfish and 0.63-2.33 ng/g in cephalopods. Accuracy ranged from 83.5 to 117.4% and 79.8 to 118.4%, and precision ranged from 0.3 to 27.5% and 1.2 to 27.9%, in shellfish and cephalopods, respectively, conforming to the Codex Alimentarius Commission guidelines. Although residual OCP levels were below detection limits, the QuEChERS method may be effective for analyzing the OCPs in shellfish and cephalopods.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the formation of furan and acrylamide and to compare antioxidant capacities and volatile compounds in cold or hot brewed coffees. Cold brews were prepared at 5 °C and 20 °C for 12 h. using steeping and dripping, and hot brews were prepared at 80 °C and 95 °C for 5 min. using the pour-over method. Furan contents of cold steeping at 5 °C and hot brewed at 80 °C showed the higher levels significantly (p < 0.05), which were 17.0 ± 0.5 and 10.6 ± 0.1 ng/mL, respectively. However, acrylamide contents in cold steeping at 5 °C and hot brew at 80 °C showed lower levels, which were 4.1 ± 0.4 and 3.5 ± 0.1 ng/mL respectively. Cold brews at 20 °C showed the highest levels of antioxidant activities while hot brews showed similar levels with cold brews at 5 °C. This study confirms that levels of different beneficial and hazardous chemical compounds could be manipulated by adjusting the coffee extraction conditions.
