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1.
Nurs Educ Perspect ; 2024 Jun 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38819210

ABSTRACT

AIM: This scoping literature review was conducted to determine what is currently known about holistic wellness support systems (HWSSs) for nursing faculty. BACKGROUND: The nurse faculty shortage has contributed to the national nursing shortage. Providing nurse faculty an HWSS may help grow the faculty pipeline. METHOD: Five electronic databases and Google Scholar were searched using key words related to the research question. Literature published from 2003 to 2023 was included. Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews were used to conduct this review. RESULTS: The search strategy found 1,525 potential publications; five articles were included in the review. The five wellness support systems strived to create a more cohesive, positive, and healthy work environment for nurse faculty. CONCLUSION: This review provides a solid inventory of nursing faculty wellness support systems and identifies gaps in areas of wellness and research that could be supported.

2.
Heliyon ; 10(2): e24093, 2024 Jan 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38293335

ABSTRACT

Background: Detecting and addressing depression symptoms at their outset can reduce the burden on individuals and society; however, it has a limitation in that such evaluations mainly rely on self-reports. Several studies have demonstrated a strong association between motor symptoms and early depression. We aimed to associate body balance measured by the Lower Quarter Y Balance Test (YBT-LQ) with depressive symptoms among young adults in the community, to confirm the current evidence that depression negatively influences body balance. Research question: Is the YBT-LQ an objective tool for measuring and evaluating young adults' depression risks, as well as assessing whether depression negatively influences body balance? Methods: Our participants comprised 36 young adults. We assessed their depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) via a Google survey, measured their body balance with the YBT-LQ, and analyzed data with Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient test, using SPSS version 27.0. Results: We found that the right leg's anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral scores- Z = -2.129, p = .033; Z = -2.181, p = .029; and Z = -2.250, p = .024, respectively-and composite scores-Z = 73.00, p = .027 -were significantly lower in the group with risk for clinical depression compared to the normal group. The CES-D total score had a negative association with all YBT-LQ scores, except for the anterior score of the left leg. Among the CES-D sub-factors, somatic and retarded activity showed negative correlations with all the YBT-LQ scores. Significance: Our findings revealed that depressive symptoms have a negative association with balance, and that the YBT-LQ can be a reliable tool for measuring motor symptoms of depression, specifically among young adults.

3.
Plants (Basel) ; 12(2)2023 Jan 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36678965

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-osteoporosis effects of Osmanthus fragrans leaf ethanol extract (OFLEE) in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) and animals with osteoporosis. OFLEE not only suppressed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells with multiple nuclei but also decreased TRAP activity in BMM treated with macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL). The formation of F-actin rings and the expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases were decreased by OFLEE in BMM treated with M-CSF and RANKL. OFLEE suppressed M-CSF- and RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting NF-κB phosphorylation, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, c-fos, the nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1, and cathepsin K in BMM. OFLEE downregulated reactive oxygen species, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-17, and RANKL in BMM treated with M-CSF and RANKL. Oral administration of OFLEE suppressed osteoporotic bone loss without hepatotoxicity in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis animals. Our findings suggest that OFLEE, with anti-inflammatory effects, prevents osteoporotic bone loss through the suppression of osteoclastic differentiation in BMM and animals with osteoporosis.

4.
Acc Chem Res ; 55(24): 3727-3737, 2022 Dec 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36473156

ABSTRACT

ConspectusDuring surface plasmon-mediated light-matter interactions, external energies on plasmonic metal nanostructures undergo energy dissipation via elastic e-e scattering, radiative luminescence, and nonradiative processes such as thermal relaxation (phonon) and electronic excitation (electron-hole pairs). In this process, surface plasmon decays dominantly through nonradiative recombination when the metal is smaller than 25 nm, forming hot carriers, including hot electrons and hot holes, with high kinetic energy of 1-3 eV. Although the ultrafast dynamics of hot carriers are on time scales ranging from femtoseconds to picoseconds, these fast-disappearing hot carriers can be collected as the steady-state photocurrent or chemicurrent by adopting the metal-semiconductor (M-S)-based platform for detecting hot carrier flow. Plasmonic hot carriers, especially as they convert to an electrochemical signal, are a promising topic, and their energy conversion mechanisms are being actively studied in the fields of renewable energy, optoelectronics, and photocatalysis. Recent studies have demonstrated that these hot carriers can both improve the performance of solar energy conversion and control the catalytic activity or selectivity by directly participating in the photoelectrochemical (PEC) reaction.In this Account, we describe the inherent relationship between hot carriers and surface plasmon as well as what role hot carriers play throughout the catalytic reaction. The recent experimental work and the theoretical analysis of in situ hot carrier generation on Au nanostructures were conducted with photoconductive atomic force microscopy and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, respectively. We highlight the recent nanoscale visualization of hot carrier flow occurring through light-matter interactions and that the localized surface plasmon field surrounding the Au nanostructure leads to boosted hot carrier generation. In addition, we highlight the recent demonstration that plasmonic hot carriers prolong the lifetime of photoexcited carriers in the MAPbI3/Au/TiO2 hybrid nanodiode by the synergistic effect between plasmonic Au and perovskites. From this work, the solar-to-electron conversion performance of this nanodiode significantly increases due to the amplification of light absorption, which helps to design hybrid platforms for efficient hot carrier photovoltaics. We discuss the application of surface plasmon-driven hot electron generation, including hot electron-based photovoltaic devices and photocatalysts. We highlight the recent photoelectrochemical measurements on the Au/p-GaN heterostructures that are controlled by participating plasmonic hot carriers in the water splitting reaction. Furthermore, controlling the flow of both hot electrons and holes by developing hybrid platform configurations for hot carrier applications has promising opportunities for regulating the catalytic activities of hot carrier-based photocatalysis and improving the photoconversion efficiency of hot carrier-based optoelectronic devices.

5.
J Phys Chem Lett ; 13(29): 6612-6618, 2022 Jul 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35834560

ABSTRACT

Nanoscale friction behavior on hydrophilic surfaces (HS), influenced by a probe gliding on a confined water layer, has been investigated with friction force microscopy under various relative humidity (RH) conditions. The topographical and frictional responses of the mechanically exfoliated single-layer graphene (SLG) on native-oxide-covered silicon (SiO2/Si) and mica were both influenced by RH conditions. The ordinary phenomena at ambient conditions (i.e., higher friction on a HS than on a SLG due to different hydrophilicity), nondistinguishable height, friction of SLG with SiO2/Si at high RH (>98%), and the superlubricating behavior of friction on a HS were observed. Furthermore, the subdomain within SLG, consisting of an ice-like water layer intercalated between SLG and SiO2/Si, showed friction enhancement. These results suggest that the abundant water molecules at the interface of the probe and a HS can make a slippery surface that overcomes capillary and viscosity effects through the gliding motion of the probe.

6.
BJPsych Open ; 8(4): e104, 2022 Jun 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35656579

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were: (a) to examine associations of oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociative symptoms and (b) to investigate gene-environment (G × E) interaction with childhood maltreatment. Salivary DNA samples from 228 women of European ancestry were analysed. Two SNPs, rs237895 and rs237897, were associated with dissociative symptoms but not PTSD diagnosis. Another SNP (rs2254298) was associated with dissociation when interacting with history of childhood maltreatment. These results contribute to theorising and evidence suggesting that the oxytocin system and its genetics may be associated with risk for dissociation among European American women, including those with maltreatment history. Replication with larger patient samples, including men and other ancestry groups, is needed.

8.
Int J Psychol Res (Medellin) ; 15(2): 34-43, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37274519

ABSTRACT

Whilst the associations among age, body size, body (dis)satisfaction, and weight management behavior have been well documented, there is little research on how the combination of age and body size is related to body appreciation and health-related behavioral intentions. The purpose of this study is to identify the associations of age, body size, and their interactions with body appreciation and health-related behavioral intentions among Korean women. A cross-sectional research design was adopted with a convenience sampling method. Using an online survey questionnaire, complete data on body appreciation, health-related behavioral intentions, body size, height, weight, and age were collected from 531 Korean adult women aged 20-77 years. Using average scores for each variable, a series of hierarchical regression analyses were performed to identify the relative contributions of predictor variables on each criterion variable. The significant interaction terms were further examined using the PROCESS macro in SPSS. Overall, older Korean women were found to be more likely to have a positive body image and lower levels of behavioral intentions towards striving for a healthy body than younger women. This study confirmed the relative contribution of subjective body size in explaining women's body-related perceptions and behaviors, as compared to their actual BMI.


Mientras que las asociaciones entre edad, tamaño corporal, (in)satisfacción corporal y comportamiento del control del peso han sido bien documentadas, existe poca investigación sobre cómo la combinación de edad y el tamaño corporal se relacionan con la apreciación corporal y las intenciones de comportamiento relacionadas con la salud. El propósito de este estudio es identificar las asociaciones de edad, tamaño corporal y sus interacciones con la apreciación corporal e intenciones de comportamiento relacionadas con la salud entre mujeres coreanas. Se adoptó un diseño de investigación multisectorial con un método de muestreo de conveniencia. Utilizando un cuestionario en línea, se recopilaron datos completos sobre apreciación corporal, intenciones de comportamiento relacionadas con la salud, tamaño corporal, altura, peso y edad de 531 mujeres coreanas adultas entre los 20 y los 77 años. Utilizando resultados promedio para cada variable, se realizó una serie de análisis de regresión jerárquica para identificar las contribuciones relativas de las variables predictivas sobre cada variable de criterio. Los términos de interacción significativos fueron examinados más a fondo utilizando el PROCESO macro en SPSS. En general, las mujeres coreanas mayores fueron halladas más propensas a tener una imagen cor- poral positiva y menores niveles de intenciones de comportamiento esforzado por un cuerpo saludable que las mujeres más jóvenes. Este estudio confirmó la contribución relativa del tamaño corporal subjetivo para explicar los comportamientos y percep- ciones relacionadas con el cuerpo de las mujeres, en comparación con sus IMC reales.

9.
Materials (Basel) ; 14(21)2021 Nov 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34772254

ABSTRACT

Although foamed plastic insulation is widely used in construction in the Korean market, it is vulnerable to fire. To improve the flame retardancy, the method of flame-retardant coating with the EG in water-soluble state on the surface of expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads has been widely used. However, polystyrene beads coated with a water-soluble flame retardant easily separate the coated flame retardant in manufacturing. In this study is devised a flame-retardant coating and two steps of coating process for adhering the flame-retardant coating film evenly to the surface of the polystyrene bead without exfoliation. It was analyzed whether a flame-retardant EPS (FR-EPS) with excellent flame retardancy could be manufactured using polystyrene beads coated in this way. Ten FR-EPS samples satisfied the HF-1 and V-0 levels in horizontal and vertical burning tests, respectively. The THR of eight FR-EPS samples for ten minutes did not exceed 8 MJ∙m-2 and the maximum HRR did not exceed 200 kW∙m-2 for more than ten consecutive seconds. FR-EPS passed the building material standard of semi-nonflammability in Korean regulations, in contrast to commercial EPS, which have not passed the semi-nonflammability standard. It was also analyzed how effective the designed coating is in this study, comparing it with composites that were planned to improve the flame resistance of polystyrene, as reported in the literature. Flame Retardancy Index (FRI) values of FR-EPS proved the "excellent" level and had higher values compared with other polystyrene composites. These results demonstrated that the coated EPS containing a water-soluble flame retardant manufactured from EG and two steps of application with the coating solution achieved fire safety standard regulations.

10.
J Clin Anesth ; 74: 110476, 2021 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34364189

ABSTRACT

Infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK) block is an emerging modality to control perioperative knee joint pain. This case report describes the successful control of chronic knee joint pain using iPACK block in a patient with knee osteoarthritis. We suggest that iPACK block could be applied in the fields of both pain medicine and perioperative analgesia. In addition, by placing the needle closely to the popliteal plexus, iPACK block could serve as an intervention for pain related to procedures such as radiofrequency ablation.


Subject(s)
Chronic Pain , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Analgesics , Chronic Pain/etiology , Chronic Pain/therapy , Humans , Knee Joint/surgery , Needles , Osteoarthritis, Knee/complications , Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery
11.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth ; 9(3): e24194, 2021 03 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33666557

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This study presents a new approach to measure and analyze the walking balance of humans by collecting motion sensor data in a smartphone. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop a mobile health (mHealth) app that can measure the walking movements of human individuals and analyze the differences in the walking movements of different individuals based on their health conditions. A smartphone's motion sensors were used to measure the walking movements and analyze the rotation matrix data by calculating the variation of each xyz rotation, which shows the variables in walking-related movement data over time. METHODS: Data were collected from 3 participants, that is, 2 healthy individuals (1 female and 1 male) and 1 male with back pain. The participant with back pain injured his back during strenuous exercise but he did not have any issues in walking. The participants wore the smartphone in the middle of their waistline (as the center of gravity) while walking. They were instructed to walk straight at their own pace in an indoor hallway of a building. The walked a distance of approximately 400 feet. They walked for 2-3 minutes in a straight line and then returned to the starting location. A rotation vector in the smartphone, calculated by the rotation matrix, was used to measure the pitch, roll, and yaw angles of the human body while walking. Each xyz-rotation vector datum was recalculated to find the variation in each participant's walking movement. RESULTS: The male participant with back pain showed a diminished level of walking balance with a wider range of xyz-axis variations in the rotations compared to those of the healthy participants. The standard deviation in the xyz-axis of the male participant with back pain was larger than that of the healthy male participant. Moreover, the participant with back pain had the widest combined range of right-to-left and forward-to-backward motions. The healthy male participant showed smaller standard deviation while walking than the male participant with back pain and the female healthy participant, indicating that the healthy male participant had a well-balanced walking movement. The walking movement of the female healthy participant showed symmetry in the left-to-right (x-axis) and up-to-down (y-axis) motions in the x-y variations of rotation vectors, indicating that she had lesser bias in gait than the others. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that our mHealth app based on smartphone sensors and rotation vectors can measure the variations in the walking movements of different individuals. Further studies are needed to measure and compare walking movements by age, gender, as well as types of health problems or disease. This app can help in finding differences in gait in people with diseases that affect gait.


Subject(s)
Mobile Applications , Telemedicine , Data Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Smartphone , Walking
12.
Nanotechnology ; 32(22)2021 Mar 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33607643

ABSTRACT

Energy conversion to generate hot electrons through the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in metallic nanostructures is an emerging strategy in photovoltaics and photocatalytic devices. Important factors for surface plasmon and hot electron generation are the size, shape, and materials of plasmonic metal nanostructures, which affect LSPR excitation, absorbance, and hot electron collection. Here, we fabricated the ordered structure of metal-semiconductor plasmonic nanodiodes using nanosphere lithography and reactive ion etching. Two types of hole-shaped plasmonic nanostructures with the hole diameter of 280 and 115 nm were fabricated on Au/TiO2Schottky diodes. We show that hot electron flow can be manipulated by changing the size of plasmonic nanostructures on the Schottky diode. We show that the short-circuit photocurrent changes and the incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency results exhibit the peak shift depending on the structures. These phenomena are explicitly observed with finite difference time domain simulations. The capability of tuning the morphology of plasmonic nanostructure on the Schottky diode can give rise to new possibilities in controlling hot electron generation and developing novel hot-electron-based energy conversion devices.

13.
Biomedicines ; 10(1)2021 Dec 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35052715

ABSTRACT

Chronic mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has long-term consequences, such as neurological disability, but its pathophysiological mechanism is unknown. Exosomal microRNAs (exomiRNAs) may be important mediators of molecular and cellular changes involved in persistent symptoms after mTBI. We profiled exosomal microRNAs (exomiRNAs) in plasma from young adults with or without a chronic mTBI to decipher the underlying mechanisms of its long-lasting symptoms after mTBI. We identified 25 significantly dysregulated exomiRNAs in the chronic mTBI group (n = 29, with 4.48 mean years since the last injury) compared to controls (n = 11). These miRNAs are associated with pathways of neurological disease, organismal injury and abnormalities, and psychological disease. Dysregulation of these plasma exomiRNAs in chronic mTBI may indicate that neuronal inflammation can last long after the injury and result in enduring and persistent post-injury symptoms. These findings are useful for diagnosing and treating chronic mTBIs.

14.
Adv Sci (Weinh) ; 7(20): 2001148, 2020 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33101854

ABSTRACT

Nonradiative surface plasmon decay produces highly energetic electron-hole pairs with desirable characteristics, but the measurement and harvesting of nonequilibrium hot holes remain challenging due to ultrashort lifetime and diffusion length. Here, the direct observation of LSPR-driven hot holes created in a Au nanoprism/p-GaN platform using photoconductive atomic force microscopy (pc-AFM) is demonstrated. Significant enhancement of photocurrent in the plasmonic platforms under light irradiation is revealed, providing direct evidence of plasmonic hot hole generation. Experimental and numerical analysis verify that a confined |E|-field surrounding a single Au nanoprism spurs resonant coupling between localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and surface charges, thus boosting hot hole generation. Furthermore, geometrical and size dependence on the extraction of LSPR-driven hot holes suggests an optimized pathway for their efficient utilization. The direct visualization of hot hole flow at the nanoscale provides significant opportunities for harnessing the underlying nature and potential of plasmonic hot holes.

15.
ACS Nano ; 14(7): 8335-8342, 2020 Jul 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32539337

ABSTRACT

The interfacial effect between a metal catalyst and its various supporting transition metal oxides on the catalytic activity of heterogeneous catalysis has been extensively explored; engineering interfacial sites of metal supported on metal oxide has been found to influence catalytic performance. Here, we investigate the interfacial effect of Pt nanowires (NWs) vertically and alternatingly stacked with titanium dioxide (TiO2) or cobalt monoxide (CoO) NWs, which exhibit a strong metal-support interaction under carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation. High-resolution nanotransfer printing based on nanoscale pattern replication and e-beam evaporation were utilized to obtain the Pt NWs cross-stacked on the CoO or TiO2 NW on the silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate with varying numbers of nanowires. The morphology and interfacial area were precisely determined by means of atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The cross-stacked Pt/TiO2 NW and Pt/CoO NW catalysts were estimated with CO oxidation under 40 Torr CO and 100 Torr O2 from 200 to 240 °C. Higher catalytic activity was found on the Pt/CoO NW catalyst than on Pt/TiO2 NWs and Pt NWs, which indicates the significance of nanoscale metal-oxide interfaces. As the number of nanowire layers increased, the catalytic activity became saturated. Our study demonstrates the interfacial role of nanoscale metal-oxide interfaces under CO oxidation, which has intriguing applications in the smart design of catalytic materials.

16.
Nano Lett ; 19(2): 891-896, 2019 02 13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30608712

ABSTRACT

Direct measurement of hot electron flux from a plasmonic Schottky nanodiode is important for obtaining fundamental insights explaining the mechanism for electronic excitation on a surface. Here, we report the measurement of photoinduced hot electrons on a triangular Au nanoprism on TiO2 under incident light with photoconductive atomic force microscopy (pc-AFM), which is direct proof of the intrinsic relation between hot electrons and localized surface plasmon resonance. We find that the local photocurrent measured on the boundary of the Au nanoprism is higher than that inside the Au nanoprism, indicating that field confinement at the boundary of the Au nanoprism acts as a hot spot, leading to the enhancement of hot electron flow at the boundary. Under incident illumination with a wavelength near the absorption peak (645 nm) of a single Au nanoprism, localized surface plasmon resonance resulted in the generation of a higher photoinduced hot electron flow for the Au nanoprism/TiO2, compared with that at a wavelength of 532 nm. We show that the application of a reverse bias results in a higher photocurrent for the Au nanoprism/TiO2, which is associated with a lowering of the Schottky barrier height caused by the image force. These nanoscale measurements of hot electron flux with pc-AFM indicate efficient photon energy transfer mediated by surface plasmons in hot electron-based energy conversion.

17.
Nanoscale ; 10(23): 10835-10843, 2018 Jun 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29694476

ABSTRACT

The intrinsic correlation between an enhancement of catalytic activity and the flow of hot electrons generated at metal-oxide interfaces suggests an intriguing way to control catalytic reactions and is a significant subject in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, we show surface plasmon-induced catalytic enhancement by the peculiar nanocatalyst design of hexoctahedral (HOH) Au nanocrystals (NCs) with Cu2O clusters. We found that this inverse catalyst comprising a reactive oxide for the catalytic portion and a metal as the source of electrons by localized surface plasmon resonance (localized SPR) exhibits a change in catalytic activity by direct hot electron transfer or plasmon-induced resonance energy transfer (PIRET) when exposed to light. We prepared two types of inverse catalysts, Cu2O at the vertex sites of HOH Au NCs (Cu2O/Au vertex site) and a HOH Au NC-Cu2O core-shell structure (HOH Au@Cu2O), to test the structural effect on surface plasmons. Under broadband light illumination, the Cu2O/Au vertex site catalyst showed 30-90% higher catalytic activity and the HOH Au@Cu2O catalyst showed 10-30% higher catalytic activity than when in the dark. Embedding thin SiO2 layers between the HOH Au NCs and the Cu2O verified that the dominant mechanism for the catalytic enhancement is direct hot electron transfer from the HOH Au to the Cu2O. Finite-difference time domain calculations show that a much stronger electric field was formed on the vertex sites after growing the Cu2O on the HOH Au NCs. These results imply that the catalytic activity is enhanced when hot electrons, created from photon absorption on the HOH Au metal and amplified by the presence of surface plasmons, are transferred to the reactive Cu2O.

18.
Biol Res Nurs ; 20(3): 352-358, 2018 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29514460

ABSTRACT

Military personnel experience posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is associated with differential DNA methylation across the whole genome. However, the relationship between these DNA methylation patterns and clinically relevant increases in PTSD severity is not yet clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in DNA methylation associated with PTSD symptoms and investigate DNA methylation changes related to increases in the severity of PTSD in military personnel. In this pilot study, a cross-sectional comparison was made between military personnel with PTSD (n = 8) and combat-matched controls without PTSD (n = 6). Symptom measures were obtained, and genome-wide DNA methylation was measured using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP-seq) from whole blood samples at baseline and 3 months later. A longitudinal comparison measured DNA methylation changes in military personnel with clinically relevant increases in PTSD symptoms between time points (PTSD onset) and compared methylation patterns to controls with no clinical changes in PTSD. In military personnel with elevated PTSD symptoms 3 months following baseline, 119 genes exhibited reduced methylation and 8 genes exhibited increased methylation. Genes with reduced methylation in the PTSD-onset group relate to the canonical pathways of netrin signaling, Wnt/Ca+ pathway, and axonal guidance signaling. These gene pathways relate to neurological disorders, and the current findings suggest that these epigenetic changes potentially relate to PTSD symptomology. This study provides some novel insights into the role of epigenetic changes in PTSD symptoms and the progression of PTSD symptoms in military personnel.


Subject(s)
DNA Methylation , Military Personnel , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/genetics , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epigenesis, Genetic , Female , Humans , Male , Pilot Projects , Veterans Health
19.
Issues Ment Health Nurs ; 39(2): 166-178, 2018 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29319383

ABSTRACT

This integrative review explores the current state of knowledge on trauma-focused interventions with resilience as the outcome. The review synthesized the results of 17 intervention studies. Findings of the review demonstrate the importance of including resilience as an outcome measure for the effectiveness of trauma-focused interventions. Findings also provide preliminary evidence that effective trauma-focused interventions both reduce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and improve resilience. Further research should include a focus on developing interventions based on established theoretical frameworks, and using resilience outcome measurement tools appropriate to the interventions and the characteristics of the target population.


Subject(s)
Resilience, Psychological , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy , Humans , Outcome Assessment, Health Care
20.
Perspect Psychiatr Care ; 54(1): 88-94, 2018 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28144988

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effects of a brief stress management intervention on depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and aggression among Korean male college students. DESIGN AND METHODS: In a repeated measures design, participants were assessed before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention. Data of 40 experimental and 32 control participants were analyzed using linear mixed models. FINDINGS: There were significant time-by-group interaction effects for depression and trait anxiety, but not for state anxiety, suicidal ideation, and aggression. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The intervention has long-term effects for depression and trait anxiety. Future research should involve a randomized controlled trial on a larger scale.


Subject(s)
Aggression/psychology , Anxiety/therapy , Depression/therapy , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Psychotherapy, Brief/methods , Stress, Psychological/therapy , Students/psychology , Suicidal Ideation , Adult , Humans , Male , Republic of Korea , Universities , Young Adult
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