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1.
Int Heart J ; 59(5): 968-975, 2018 Sep 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30022771

ABSTRACT

The prognostic value of the right ventricular (RV) systolic to diastolic duration ratio (S/D ratio) in patients with advanced heart failure is not clear.We enrolled 45 patients with DCM (40 ± 13 years, 33 male) who were admitted to our hospital for evaluation or treatment of heart failure. The RV systolic and diastolic durations were measured using continuous Doppler imaging of tricuspid regurgitation, and the RV S/D ratio was calculated. Cardiac events were defined as cardiac death or left ventricular assist device implantation within the first year. Twenty-eight cardiac events occurred. The RV S/D ratio was significantly higher in the event group than in the event-free group (1.8 ± 0.8 versus 1.2 ± 0.5, P = 0.008). Univariate analysis showed that the RV S/D ratio, plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration, left atrial volume index, and mitral deceleration time were associated with these events. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the optimal RV S/D cutoff value to predict events was 1.2 (sensitivity 79%, specificity 65%, area under the curve 0.745). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated a significantly higher event rate in patients with an RV S/D ratio > 1.2 (log-rank test, P = 0.003). The addition of an RV S/D ratio > 1.2 improved the prognostic utility of a model that included conventional variables (P = 0.014).In patients with advanced heart failure with DCM, the RV S/D ratio was higher in patients with events than in those without events. The addition of the RV S/D ratio to conventional parameters may provide better prognostic information.


Subject(s)
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography, Doppler/instrumentation , Heart Failure/diagnostic imaging , Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology , Death , Diastole/physiology , Female , Heart Atria/physiopathology , Heart Failure/classification , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Heart Failure/therapy , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Heart-Assist Devices/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Natriuretic Peptide, Brain/blood , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Systole/physiology , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/physiopathology , Ventricular Function, Right/physiology
2.
Stroke ; 49(2): 319-324, 2018 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29284731

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although increased heart rate (HR) is a predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality, its possible association with subclinical cerebrovascular disease, which is prevalent in the elderly, has not been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the association of daytime, nighttime, 24-hour HR, and HR variability with subclinical cerebrovascular disease in an elderly cohort without history of stroke. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 680 participants (mean age, 73±7 years; 42% men) in sinus rhythm who underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and HR monitoring, 2-dimensional echocardiography, and brain magnetic resonance imaging as part of the CABL study (Cardiac Abnormalities and Brain Lesion). Subclinical cerebrovascular disease was defined as silent brain infarcts and white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV). The relationship of HR measures with the presence of silent brain infarct and upper quartile of log WMHV (log WMHV4) was analyzed. RESULTS: Presence of silent brain infarct was detected in 93 participants (13.7%); mean log WMHV was -0.92±0.93 (median, -1.05; min, -5.88; max, 1.74). Multivariate analysis showed that only nighttime HR (adjusted odds ratio, 1.29 per 10 bpm; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.61; P=0.026) was significantly associated with log WMHV4, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, ambulatory systolic blood pressure, and echocardiographic parameters. No similar association was observed for daytime HR and HR variability. There was no significant association between all HR measures and silent brain infarct. CONCLUSIONS: In a predominantly elderly cohort, elevated nighttime HR was associated with WMHV, suggesting an independent role of HR in subclinical cerebrovascular disease.


Subject(s)
Cerebrovascular Disorders/complications , Heart Rate/physiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging/physiology , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Brain Infarction/diagnostic imaging , Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Stroke/diagnostic imaging , Stroke/etiology
3.
Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging ; 19(2): 136-142, 2018 02 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29237001

ABSTRACT

Aims: Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction may lead to heart failure. A high body mass index (BMI) is associated with worse LV diastolic function. However, knowledge of the longitudinal relation between changes in BMI and LV diastolic function is limited. Methods and results: We retrospectively identified 165 asymptomatic individuals (aged 60 ± 10 years, 55% male) with preserved LV ejection fraction, who underwent repeated health check-ups (median interval: 365 days) at our hospital between 2009 and 2012. The longitudinal data were analysed using a linear mixed-effects model adjusted for important clinical variables at baseline to evaluate the associations between changes in BMI and LV diastolic function from one visit to the next. Baseline characteristics were BMI, 23 ± 3 kg/m2; E/E' ratio, 9 ± 2; E' velocity, 8 ± 2 cm/s; and left atrial (LA) volume index, 26 ± 8 mL/m2. Eighty-two of our participants had baseline LV diastolic dysfunction. In multivariable analyses, a BMI change was associated with a change in LV diastolic function. A one-unit decrease in BMI between consecutive visits corresponded to an average decrease in LA volume index of 0.80 mL/m2 (95% confidence interval: 0.38, 1.23; P < 0.001), a decrease in E/E'ratio of 0.11 (-0.015, 0.23; P = 0.086), and an increase in E' velocity of 0.11 cm/s (0.18, 0.031; P = 0.006). Conclusion: Our study showed that there was an association between changes in BMI and LV diastolic function. A decrease in BMI corresponded to a significant decrease in LA volume index and a significant increase in E' velocity.


Subject(s)
Body Mass Index , Echocardiography, Doppler/methods , Obesity/prevention & control , Stroke Volume/physiology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging , Ventricular Function/physiology , Age Factors , Aged , Ambulatory Care/methods , Body Weight , Cohort Studies , Diastole , Female , Hospitals, University , Humans , Japan , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Sex Factors , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
4.
JACC Heart Fail ; 5(8): 603-610, 2017 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28774396

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether aspirin increases heart failure (HF) hospitalization or death in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction receiving an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). BACKGROUND: Because of its cyclooxygenase inhibiting properties, aspirin has been postulated to increase HF events in patients treated with ACE inhibitors or ARBs. However, no large randomized trial has addressed the clinical relevance of this issue. METHODS: We compared aspirin and warfarin for HF events (hospitalization, death, or both) in the 2,305 patients enrolled in the WARCEF (Warfarin versus Aspirin in Reduced Cardiac Ejection Fraction) trial (98.6% on ACE inhibitor or ARB treatment), using conventional Cox models for time to first event (489 events). In addition, to examine multiple HF hospitalizations, we used 2 extended Cox models, a conditional model and a total time marginal model, in time to recurrent event analyses (1,078 events). RESULTS: After adjustment for baseline covariates, aspirin- and warfarin-treated patients did not differ in time to first HF event (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.72 to 1.04; p = 0.117) or first hospitalization alone (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.73 to 1.06; p = 0.168). The extended Cox models also found no significant differences in all HF events or in HF hospitalizations alone after adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction in the WARCEF trial, there was no significant difference in risk of HF events between the aspirin and warfarin-treated patients. (Warfarin Versus Aspirin in Reduced Cardiac Ejection Fraction trial [WARCEF]; NCT00041938).


Subject(s)
Aspirin/adverse effects , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Heart Failure/chemically induced , Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Double-Blind Method , Female , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Heart Failure/mortality , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Male , Middle Aged , Stroke Volume , Warfarin/adverse effects
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