Aspectos endoscópicos del tratamiento de la enfermedad de Parkinson avanzada con levodopa/carbidopa intraduodenal / Endoscopic management of duodenal levodopa-carbidopa therapy of advanced Parkinson's disease

Introducción: el tratamiento con levodopa intraduodenal mediante gastrostomía endoscópica percutánea constituye una alternativa terapéutica en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson. Disponemos de pocos estudios que evalúen los aspectos endoscópicos en esta indicación. Objetivos: describir nuestra experiencia en esta técnica e identificar factores asociados a la aparición de complicaciones. Métodos: estudio observacional retrospectivo en centro terciario entre enero de 2007 y enero de 2019. Resultados: se incluyeron 37 pacientes (21 varones, edad 65,1 +/- 10,3 años, diez años [rango 25] de evolución de la enfermedad) seguidos durante una mediana de 16 meses (rango 143). El sistema se colocó con éxito en el 100% de los casos. La tasa de persistencia con el tratamiento al final del seguimiento fue del 62,2%. El sistema se retiró en 14 pacientes: siete por empeoramiento, cuatro por deseo del paciente y tres por complicaciones. Hubo 53 complicaciones en 23 pacientes (62,2%; 0,63 por paciente-año), cuatro mayores (8,1%, 0,05 por paciente-año). Complicaciones menores: 14 (37,8%) relacionados con el estoma, seis (16,2%) con la gastrostomía y 15 (40,5%) con la sonda duodenal. La mayoría se resolvieron endoscópicamente. Se realizaron 44 recambios de sonda en 20 pacientes (54,1%; 0,52 por paciente-año). El sexo masculino, la edad mayor de 70 años y un mayor índice de comorbilidad se asociaron a mayor probabilidad de persistencia del sistema. No se identificaron factores predictores de complicaciones asociadas a la gastrostomía. Conclusiones: la gastrostomía para infusión de levodopa intraduodenal presenta una alta tasa de éxito técnico. Las complicaciones son frecuentes, pero la mayoría se resuelven endoscópicamente

Background: treatment of intraduodenal levodopa using percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is an alternative therapy in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. There are few studies that have evaluated the endoscopic aspects of this technique. Objectives: to describe our experience and adverse events regarding this technique in advanced Parkinson's disease. Method: a retrospective study was performed from January 2007 to January 2019 in a tertiary healthcare center. Results: thirty-seven patients aged 65.1 +/- 10.3 years were included in the study, 21 were male and the disease duration was ten years (1-26). The median follow-up was 16 months (1-144). The device was successfully placed in all cases. The persistence rate with the PEG-D at the end of follow-up was 62.2%. The system was removed in 14 patients, seven due to neurological impairment, four because of the decision of the patient and three due to related events. Fifty-nine adverse events occurred in 23 patients (62.2%, 0.63 per patient-year), four of which were severe (8.1%, 0.05 per patient-year). Minor adverse events included 14 (37.8%) related to the stoma, six (16.2%) to the gastric tube and 15 (40.5%) to the duodenal tube. Forty-four system replacements were performed in 20 patients (54.1%, 0.52 per patient-year). Male sex, age over 70 and a higher comorbidity index were associated with a greater likelihood of persistence of the system (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03-0.62; OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32-0.86; OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.03-0.99, respectively). No predictors of adverse events associated with PEG-D were identified. Conclusions: percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy for the continuous delivery of duodenal levodopa is a highly effective technique. Adverse events are common, although most are resolved by endoscopy

Endoscopic management of duodenal levodopa-carbidopa therapy of advanced Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: treatment of intraduodenal levodopa using percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is an alternative therapy in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. There are few studies that have evaluated the endoscopic aspects of this technique. OBJECTIVES: to describe our experience and adverse events regarding this technique in advanced Parkinson's disease. METHOD: a retrospective study was performed from January 2007 to January 2019 in a tertiary healthcare center. RESULTS: thirty-seven patients aged 65.1 ± 10.3 years were included in the study, 21 were male and the disease duration was ten years (1-26). The median follow-up was 16 months (1-144). The device was successfully placed in all cases. The persistence rate with the PEG-D at the end of follow-up was 62.2%. The system was removed in 14 patients, seven due to neurological impairment, four because of the decision of the patient and three due to related events. Fifty-nine adverse events occurred in 23 patients (62.2%, 0.63 per patient-year), four of which were severe (8.1%, 0.05 per patient-year). Minor adverse events included 14 (37.8%) related to the stoma, six (16.2%) to the gastric tube and 15 (40.5%) to the duodenal tube. Forty-four system replacements were performed in 20 patients (54.1%, 0.52 per patient-year). Male sex, age over 70 and a higher comorbidity index were associated with a greater likelihood of persistence of the system (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03-0.62; OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.32-0.86; OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.03-0.99, respectively). No predictors of adverse events associated with PEG-D were identified. CONCLUSIONS: percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy for the continuous delivery of duodenal levodopa is a highly effective technique. Adverse events are common, although most are resolved by endoscopy.

Efficacy of long-term continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusion in advanced Parkinson's disease with motor fluctuations: a multicenter study.

Continuous subcutaneous apomorphine infusion (CSAI) is, at present, an alternative option for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) with motor fluctuations. We studied the evolution of patients with PD and severe motor fluctuations long-term treated with CSAI. We reviewed data from 82 patients with PD (mean age, 67 +/- 11.07; disease duration, 14.39 +/- 5.7 years) and severe motor fluctuations referred to 35 tertiary hospitals in Spain. These patients were long-term treated (for at least 3 months) with CSAI and tolerated the procedure without serious side effects. We compared the baseline data of these 82 patients (before CSAI) with those obtained from the last follow-up visit of each patient. The mean follow-up of CSAI was 19.93 +/- 16.3 months. Mean daily dose of CSAI was 72.00 +/- 21.38 mg run over 14.05 +/- 1.81 hours. We found a statistically significant reduction in off-hours, according to self-scoring diaries (6.64 +/- 3.09 vs. 1.36 +/- 1.42 hours/day, P < 0.0001), total and motor UPDRS scores (P < 0.0001), dyskinesia severity (P < 0.0006), and equivalent dose of antiparkinsonian therapy (1,405 +/- 536.7 vs. 800.1 +/- 472.9 mg of levodopa equivalent units P < 0.0001). CSAI is an effective option for patients with PD and severe fluctuations, poorly controlled by conventional oral drug treatment.