ABSTRACT
During recent decades extra-intracranial and intra-intracranial bypasses have deserved high interest among neurosurgeon, especially in management of giant cerebral aneurysms. Development of microsurgery and neuroanesthesiological techniques, advances in neuroradiology and neurophysiology prerequisite improvement of revascularization surgery. Evolution of competitive endovascular methods pushes the surgeons to improve microneurosurgical technique of revascularization and elaboration of new approaches to management of intracranial aneurysms. In this review we discuss principles of surgery of cerebrovascular bypasses in management of giant aneurysms applied in our clinic.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Revascularization/methods , Intracranial Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging , Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery , Female , Humans , Male , RadiographyABSTRACT
Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are complex disorders, some of them with aggressive clinical behaviour. During past decades their treatment strategy has changed due to increased knowledge of their pathophysiology and natural history, and advances in treatment modalities. In asymptomatic cases or cases with mild symptoms in the absence of cortical venous drainage (CVD) no treatment is necessarily required, whereas aggressive DAVFs should be treated promptly by endovascular or microsurgical means.In our series of 323 patients with 333 fistulas, treated in two neurosurgical units in Finland since 1944, there were 265 true DAVFs and 68 Barrow type A caroticocavernous fistulas. Among the DAVFs there was a slight female predominance, 140 women (55%) and 115 men (45%), and the majority of the cases were located in the area of transverse and sigmoid sinuses. Mode of treatment in the early series was proximal ligation of feeding artery, and later craniotomy, endovascular treatment and radiosurgery, or combination of these treatments, with total occlusion rate being 53%.
Subject(s)
Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations , Microsurgery/methods , Neurosurgical Procedures/methods , Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/surgery , Cerebral Angiography , Female , Finland , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery , Neurosurgical Procedures , Vertebral Artery/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aneurysm, Ruptured/surgery , Cerebellum/blood supply , Cerebral Angiography , Cerebral Revascularization , Female , Humans , Intracranial Aneurysm/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Treatment Outcome , Vertebral Artery/pathologySubject(s)
Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery , Microsurgery/methods , Neurosurgical Procedures/methods , Perioperative Care/methods , Clinical Trials as Topic , Finland , Humans , International Cooperation , Microsurgery/trends , Middle Aged , Neurosurgical Procedures/trends , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Retrospective Studies , Surgical Instruments , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods , Vascular Surgical Procedures/trendsABSTRACT
Activation of peripheral mixed and cutaneous nerves activates a distributed cortical network including the second somatosensory cortex (SII) in the parietal operculum. SII activation has not been previously reported in the stimulation of the dorsal penile nerve (DPN). We recorded somatosensory evoked fields (SEFs) to DPN stimulation from 7 healthy adults with a 122-channel whole-scalp neuromagnetometer. Electrical pulses were applied once every 0.5 or 1.5 sec to the left and right DPN. For comparison, left and right median and tibial nerves were stimulated alternatingly at 1.5-sec intervals. DPN stimuli elicited weak, early responses in the vicinity of responses to tibial nerve stimulation in the primary somatosensory cortex. Strong later responses, peaking at 107-126 msec were evoked in the SII cortices of both hemispheres, with left-hemisphere dominance. In addition to tactile processing, SII could also contribute to mediating emotional effects of DPN stimuli.
