ABSTRACT
A sensitivity- and resolution-improving method for a low-frequency micro-vibration accelerometer is presented in this paper. A sensitivity model of the measurement system is derived and established. The key parameters that limit the sensitivity and the resolution of the accelerometer were identified through the sensitivity coefficient analysis method. The structural parameters and the signal process method were then optimized. Experimental results show that the sensitivity of the accelerometer has improved from 1.10 V/(m/s2) to 19.21 V/(m/s2), and the resolution has improved from 1.47 mm/s2 to 0.21 mm/s2. The lowest working frequency range has expanded from 1 Hz to 0.7 Hz. The presented method is effective and cheap and can be applied to other sensors.
ABSTRACT
Ruthenium-based catalysts were prepared by a saturation-dip method. Their catalytic activity was evaluated by a catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) process. The ruthenium-based catalysts were used to purify organic pharmaceutical wastewater with high concentration pyridine and pyridine derivatives that have high chemical oxygen demand (COD). In the CWO process, organic pharmaceutical wastewater was continuously pumped into fixed-bed reactors filled with Ru-based catalysts, while the organic components in wastewater were catalytically degraded by oxygen at high temperatures and pressures (temperature, 170-300 degrees C; pressure, 1.0-10 MPa). The experimental results showed that the prepared catalysts could effectively purify pharmaceutical wastewater with high concentration organic components, which are difficult to degrade biochemically, and that the removal rates of both COD and total nitrogen were over 99%.
Subject(s)
Pyridines/chemistry , Ruthenium/chemistry , Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods , Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry , Water Purification/methods , Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis , Catalysis , Drug Industry , Nitrogen/chemistry , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxygen/analysis , Temperature , Titanium/chemistry , Waste Disposal, Fluid/instrumentation , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Water Pollution, Chemical/prevention & control , Water Purification/instrumentationABSTRACT
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, also termed prion diseases, are fatal neurodegenerative disorders that affect both humans and animals, which are characterized by presences of protease-resistance disease-associated prion protein (PrP(Sc)) in brains. In the present study, we optimized the Western blot assay for PrP(Sc) with a precipitation procedure of streptomycin sulphate. After incubated with suitable amount of streptomycin sulphate, the detective sensitivity for PrP(Sc) was remarkably improved. The precipitation of PrP(Sc) was obviously influenced by pH value in the solution. Employs of PrP(Sc) stock sample into various mimic specimens, including normal hamster brain homogenate, human cerebrospinal fluid and urine, demonstrated that streptomycin precipitation markedly increased the detective sensitivity of PrP(Sc), regardless in low concentration or in large volume. In addition, the PrP(Sc) from a human brain tissue of familiar Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (fCJD) was efficiently precipitated with streptomycin sulphate. As a sensitive, specific, rapid and flexible protocol for PrP(Sc), the protocol in this study has the potential, alone or combined with other techniques, to detect low levels of PrP(Sc) in the specimens not only from central nerve system, but also from peripheral organs or fluids.
