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Clin Vaccine Immunol ; 15(4): 659-67, 2008 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18305105

ABSTRACT

Infection of cattle with Neospora caninum protozoa, the causative agent of bovine protozoal abortion, results in robust cellular and humoral immune responses, particularly CD4(+) T-lymphocyte activation and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) secretion. In the present study, N. caninum SRS2 (NcSRS2) T-lymphocyte-epitope-bearing subunits were incorporated into DNA and peptide preparations to assess CD4(+) cell proliferation and IFN-gamma T-lymphocyte-secretion immune responses in cattle with predetermined major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genotypes. In order to optimize dendritic-cell processing, NcSRS2 DNA vaccine was delivered with granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and Flt3 ligand adjuvant. The synthesized NcSRS2 peptides were coupled with a palmitic acid molecule (lipopeptide) and delivered with Freund's adjuvant. Cattle vaccinated with NcSRS2 DNA vaccine alone did not induce T-lymphocyte activation or IFN-gamma secretion, whereas subsequent booster inoculation with NcSRS2-lipopeptides induced robust NcSRS2-specific immune responses. Compared to the response in control animals, NcSRS2-lipopeptide-immunized cattle had significantly increased NcSRS2-specific T-lymphocyte proliferation, numbers of IFN-gamma-secreting peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG2a antibody levels. The findings show that N. caninum NcSRS2 subunits bearing T-lymphocyte epitopes induced cell-mediated immune responses similar to the protective immune responses previously described against live parasite infection, namely T-lymphocyte activation and IFN-gamma secretion. The findings support the investigation of NcSRS2 immunogens for protection against N. caninum-induced fetal infection and abortion in cattle.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Protozoan/immunology , Antigens, Surface/immunology , Cattle Diseases/immunology , Coccidiosis/veterinary , Neospora/immunology , Protozoan Proteins/immunology , Protozoan Vaccines/immunology , Vaccines, DNA/immunology , Animals , Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology , Antigens, Protozoan/biosynthesis , Antigens, Protozoan/genetics , Antigens, Surface/biosynthesis , Antigens, Surface/genetics , COS Cells , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Cattle Diseases/therapy , Chlorocebus aethiops , Coccidiosis/immunology , Coccidiosis/parasitology , Coccidiosis/therapy , Dendritic Cells/immunology , Female , Interferon-gamma/immunology , Lipoproteins/immunology , Male , Neospora/isolation & purification , Protozoan Proteins/biosynthesis , Protozoan Proteins/genetics , Protozoan Vaccines/pharmacology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Vaccines, DNA/pharmacology
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