Poor sleep quality and associated factors among healthcare professionals at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Poor sleep quality is linked to physiological dysfunction, which increases the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, and other medical conditions. Despite the known health risks of sleep disturbances, literature is still scant regarding sleep quality and its associated factors among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among healthcare professionals at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 418 healthcare professionals participated in the study. The study participants were chosen using the stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality of participants. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression models were used. p ≤ 0.05 was used to declare statistically significant variables. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 30.7 years (SD ± 6.3). The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 58.9% [95% CI (54.2, 63.6%)]. Being female [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.9, 95% CI (1.2, 2.9)], being a shift worker [AOR = 5.7, 95% CI (2.3, 14.3), not performing regular exercise [AOR = 2.08 (1.2-3.6)], being a khat chewer [AOR = 3.1, 95% CI (1.2, 7.6)], and having depressive symptoms [AOR = 2.6, 95% CI (1.3, 6.8)] were significantly associated with higher odds of having poor sleep quality. Conclusion: The prevalence of poor sleep quality among healthcare professionals was found to be high. As a result, we recommend that healthcare providers at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital focus on early regular screening for sleep disturbances and pay special attention to shift work schedules and behaviors such as khat chewing, exercise, and depressive symptoms.

University students' help seeking intention for depression from health professionals; a cross sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: To assess University students' intention to seek help for depression from health professional and associated factors among University of Gondar students, Northwest, Ethiopia. METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 487 students. Multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. Self-administered questionnaire was employed to collect the data. General help seeking questionnaire with major depressive disorder case vignette was used to assess students' intention to seek help for depression. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to identify factors for intention to seek help for depression. Association was described by using adjusted unstandardized ß coefficient along with 95% confidence interval. Finally, P-values < 0.05 in adjusted analysis were taken as a cut off for significant association. RESULTS: The mean score of intention to seek help from health professionals was 3.84 (±0.76)with a range of (1 "very unlikely" to 5 "very likely"). About 67.8% of the study participants would seek help from health professionals if they would have depressive symptoms which was depicted in the case vignette. In the multiple linear regression analyses, student age (unstandardized ß = 0.07, 95% CI: (0.05, 0.10)), good attitude towards seeking professional help (ß = 0.03, 95% CI: (0.02, 0.04)) were factors positively associated with intention to seek help. CONCLUSION: The current study showed that more than three-fifth of the study participants reported they were likely or very likely to seek help for depression from health professionals. Increased age and favorable attitude were factors associated with intention to seek help for depression. Working on awareness creation and attitude change towards depression would be necessary to increase students' intention to seek help for depression from health professional.

Intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women in central Gondar zone, Northwest, Ethiopia: a population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Violence against women is the most widespread kind of human rights violation, and it has been linked to a wide range of consequences. The most prominent psychosocial and mental health concern that has serious effects for women's physical and mental well-being. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of women's violence by intimate partner among women in the reproductive age group (15-49). METHODS: Multistage community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among reproductive age group women in the central Gondar zone. We recruited 845 participants and interviewed by health extension workers using face-to-face interviews. We used a Women's Abuse Screening test to outcome variable; it has a total score ranges 0-16, a score > 1 indicates positive for the presence of intimate partner violence within a year. Variables were coded and entered to Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis was run for data analysis. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a 95% confidence level (CI) were declared significant. RESULT: Among a total of 845 participants 804 responded to the interviews with a response rate of 95%. The prevalence rate of intimate partner violence is 391(48.6%). From multivariate logistic regression analysis women being married [AOR:3.85; 95% CI (2.38, 6.22)], high school and above educational status [(AOR: 0.43; 95% CI (0.30, 0.61), women's having > 3children [(AOR: 1.82, 95% CI (1.0, 3.1)], having a household food insecurity[(AOR: 2.09, 95% CI (1.51, 2.91)], having life threatening events [(AOR: 2.09; 95% CI (1.51, 2.91)], moderate social support [(AOR: 0.60; 95% CI (0.41, 0.83)], depression [(AOR: 3.12; 95% CI (1.60, 6.07) were significantly associated with violence by intimate partner at 95% CI . CONCLUSION: Intimate partner violence is common among reproductive-age women. Married, women with several children, food insecurity, life-threatening events, and depression were all found to be significant predictors of violence. Measures should be taken to raise community awareness, particularly among intimate partners, their families, and government officials.

Prevalence of unrecognized depression and associated factors among medical outpatient department attendees; a cross sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of unrecognized depression among patients who visit non-psychiatric outpatient departments in the University of Gondar specialized teaching hospital. North West Ethiopia. METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Medical outpatient departments in the University of Gondar specialized referral hospital from March to April 2019. We collected data through face-to-face interviews. We recruited 314 participants for face-to-face interviews using the systematic random sampling technique. The patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure depression. Coded variables were entered into Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval were used to calculate significance. RESULTS: A total of 314 participants were interviewed with a response rate of 100%. The prevalence of depression was 15.9% with (95% CI (12.1-20.1)). In the multivariate logistic regression revealed that, able to read and write (AOR = 0.24, 95% CI (0.67-0.84)), secondary education (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI (0.12-0.91)), education in college and university level (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI (0.13-0.78)), poor social support (AOR = 7.78, 95% CI (2.74-22.09)), current cigarette smokers(AOR = 12.65, 95% CI (1.79-89.14)) were associated with depression. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depression among outpatient attendees was high. We recommend an early depression screening be carried out by health professionals.

Depression, anxiety and associated factors among people with epilepsy and attending outpatient treatment at primary public hospitals in northwest Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the magnitude and factors associated with depression and anxiety among people with epilepsy and attending out-patient treatment at central Gondar zone primary public hospitals, northwest, Ethiopia. METHOD: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from May-June, 2020 at central Gondar zone primary public hospitals. A total of 589 participants were chosen by systematic sampling technique. Data was collected by utilizing Amharic version interviewer-administered structured and semi-structured questioners. Depression and anxiety were assessed by using hospital anxiety and depression scale. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to recognize variables related to both depression and anxiety. Association was described by using "adjusted odds ratio" (AOR) along with 95% full Confidence interval (CI). Finally, P-values < 0.05 in adjusted analysis were taken as a cut off for significant association. RESULT: Out of 556 participants included in the study, 30.9%, 33.1% had depression and anxiety respectively. Being divorced/widowed (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI, 1.18-4.99), using two and above number of antiepileptic medications (AOR = 1.77,95% CI,1.02-3.09), very frequent seizure frequency (AOR = 2.68, 95% CI,1.30-5.51), current substance use (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI, 1.03-3.22), perceived stigma (AOR = 5.67,95% CI,3.14-8.18), and hazardous alcohol use (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI,1.32-6.09) were statistically associated with depression. While, being a single (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI, 1.04-2.63), using two and above number of antiepileptic medications (AOR = 2.27, 95% CI, 1.42-3.62), duration of illness ≥16 years (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI, 1.26-6.31), and perceived stigma (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI, 1.63-3.82) were statistically associated with anxiety at a p-value < 0.05. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the magnitude of depression and anxiety were relatively high among people with epilepsy. Using two and above number of antiepileptic medications and perceived stigma were statistically associated with both depression and anxiety. Screening, early identification and providing appropriate intervention of depression and anxiety among people with epilepsy should be great concern for the health care providers.

Alcohol use disorder and associated factors among University of Gondar undergraduate students: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use disorder among health science students is a problem throughout the world. Alcohol is accountable for many diseases, injury-related health conditions, poor academic performance, and dropout; and it is the fifth leading risk factor for premature death in the world. Despite this, we know little about the magnitude of alcohol use disorder among health science students in Ethiopia. Assessing alcohol use disorder and associated factors among this population will be paramount for future interventions. OBJECTIVE: To assess alcohol use disorder and associated factors among University of Gondar undergraduate students. METHODS: The research team conducted an institution-based cross-sectional study from April 18 to June 15, 2019. First, the study screened all students in the health science campus for alcohol use. To further study alcohol use disorder, the research team selected 424 students from alcohol users using a simple random sampling method. The team collected data through self-administered questionnaires. The study used an alcohol use disorders identification test to assess alcohol use disorder. The study team conducted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses and used an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at a 95% confidence interval (CI) to determine the independently associated factors of alcohol use disorder. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of alcohol use disorder among the students was 61.8%. Chewing khat (AOR = 3.26, CI (1.30, 8.15)), male sex (AOR = 1.65, 95 CI (1.02, 2.67)), and having intimate friends who use alcohol (AOR = 1.603, CI (1.03, 2.50)) were significant factors associated with increased alcohol use disorder. Being a 2nd year student (AOR = 0.39, CI (0.17, 0.94)), 3rd year student (AOR = 0.30 CI (0.14, 0.66)), 4th year student (AOR = 0.39, CI (0.18, 0.85)) were significantly associated with decreased alcohol use disorder. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was high among students. Interventions should be made available to students who use alcohol and khat to reduce use-related problems, and thereby improve their health, and functional and social well-being.

Magnitude and associated factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among people with epilepsy attending outpatient treatment at primary public hospitals in northwest Ethiopia: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess magnitude and associated factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among people with epilepsy attending outpatient treatment at primary public hospitals, northwest Ethiopia using suicide module of World Mental Health Survey initiative version of the WHO, composite international diagnostic interview. DESIGN: Multicentre-based cross-sectional study was used. SETTING: Data were collected using face to face interview from patients with epilepsy who attended outpatient treatment at primary public hospitals at northwest Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS: Adult patients with epilepsy (n=563) who came to attend outpatient treatment during the study period were included in the study using systematic random sampling technique. OUTCOME MEASURES: Suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt and factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempt. RESULTS: The overall magnitude of suicidal ideation and attempt was 26.5% and 12.6%, respectively. Being woman adjusted OR ((AOR)=1.68, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.23), living alone (AOR=2.4, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.92), divorced/widowed/(AOR=2.2, 95% CI 1.09 to 7.8), family history of suicidal attempt (AOR=2.53, 95% CI 1.34 to 4.79), depression (AOR=3.18, 95% CI 1.85 to 5.45), anxiety (AOR=2.92, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.09), comorbid medical illness (AOR=2.60, 95% CI 1.17 to 5.82) and poor social support (AOR=2.35, 95% CI 1.26 to 4.40) were statistically associated with suicidal ideation. Depression (AOR=4.87, 95% CI 2.56 to 9.28) living alone (AOR=2.66, 95% CI 1.62 to 5.41), family history of committed suicide (AOR=2.80, 95% CI 1.24 to 6.39), taking medication for mental illness (AOR=2.17, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.46), hazardous alcohol use (AOR=2.10, 95% CI 1.05 to 4.23) were statistically associated with suicidal attempts at a p value <0.05. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the magnitude of suicidal ideation and attempt was high among people with epilepsy. Being woman, living alone, having depression and anxiety, single, divorced/widowed in marital status, family history of suicidal attempt and poor social support were statistically associated with suicidal ideation. Having depression, living alone, family history of suicide attempt, hazardous alcohol use and drug taking for mental illness were statistically associated with suicidal attempt. Based on the findings of this study early screening, detection and management of suicide were recommended in people with epilepsy.