Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 3 de 3
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Language
Publication year range
1.
Med Sci Monit ; 28: e937862, 2022 Oct 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36281208

ABSTRACT

Postoperative neurocognitive disorders are common neurological complications following surgery that are generally characterized by varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Postoperative neurocognitive disorders can exhibit as short-term postoperative delirium and/or long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction. In addition, postoperative neurocognitive disorders may result in poor outcomes in patients, and are a leading cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality, particularly in elderly patients. Recently, there has been a heightened interest in mechanisms and clinical treatments for postoperative neurocognitive disorders. Though some influencing factors and mechanisms of postoperative neurocognitive disorders have been revealed, they remain troublesome problems in clinical departments. Dexmedetomidine is a commonly used anesthetic adjuvant that may help improve postoperative cognitive impairment, especially the conditions of a postoperative acute event (postoperative delirium, within 1 week after operation) and delayed neurocognitive recovery (postoperative cognitive dysfunction, up to 30 days). In the recent literature, dexmedetomidine has been shown to exert positive effects on cognitive impairment in clinical and animal studies, especially for postoperative neurocognitive disorders. However, not all clinical findings support this efficacy. Though some mechanisms of dexmedetomidine on postoperative neurocognitive disorders have been proposed, such as signaling pathways associated with inflammation and apoptosis, this evidence is fragmentary and disputed in the literature. Therefore, this article aims to review the potential biological mechanisms underlying dexmedetomidine's effects on postoperative neurocognitive disorders, providing a reference for future studies.


Subject(s)
Dexmedetomidine , Neurocognitive Disorders , Postoperative Cognitive Complications , Adjuvants, Anesthesia/therapeutic use , Delirium/prevention & control , Dexmedetomidine/therapeutic use , Neurocognitive Disorders/prevention & control , Postoperative Cognitive Complications/prevention & control , Humans , Aged
2.
Oncotarget ; 8(29): 48385-48397, 2017 Jul 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28423368

ABSTRACT

Traditional herbal medicine plays a significant role in the treatment of epilepsy. Though herbal medicine is widely used in antiepileptic treatment, there is a lack of robust evidence for efficacy and toxicity of most herbs. Besides, the herbal medicine should be subject to evidence-based scrutiny. In this context, we present a review to introduce the effects of herbal medicine on epilepsy. However, hundreds of herbal medicines have been investigated in the available studies. Some commonly used herbal medicines for epilepsy have been listed in our study. The overwhelming majority of these data are based on animal experiments. The lack of clinical data places constraints on the clinical recommendation of herbal medicine. Our study may conduct further studies and provide some insight on the development of anti-epileptic drugs.


Subject(s)
Epilepsy/drug therapy , Herbal Medicine , Animals , Anticonvulsants/pharmacology , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Epilepsy/epidemiology , Epilepsy/metabolism , Global Health , Herbal Medicine/methods , Humans , Neurons/drug effects , Neurons/metabolism , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
3.
Neural Plast ; 2017: 6871089, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28246558

ABSTRACT

Neural plasticity, a fundamental mechanism of neuronal adaptation, is disrupted in depression. The changes in neural plasticity induced by stress and other negative stimuli play a significant role in the onset and development of depression. Antidepressant treatments have also been found to exert their antidepressant effects through regulatory effects on neural plasticity. However, the detailed mechanisms of neural plasticity in depression still remain unclear. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the recent literature to elaborate the possible mechanistic role of neural plasticity in depression. Taken together, these findings may pave the way for future progress in neural plasticity studies.


Subject(s)
Depression/physiopathology , Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology , Hippocampus/physiopathology , Neuronal Plasticity , Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology , Amygdala/drug effects , Amygdala/physiopathology , Animals , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Apoptosis/drug effects , Brain/drug effects , Brain/physiopathology , Depression/drug therapy , Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy , Hippocampus/drug effects , Humans , Neurogenesis/drug effects , Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects , Prefrontal Cortex/drug effects
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...