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1.
Plants (Basel) ; 11(23)2022 Nov 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36501322

ABSTRACT

Increasing biodiversity in highly diverse plant communities can jointly increase ecosystem function and ecosystem vulnerability. This paradox requires further attention. This study analyzed the functional response of plant communities to above- and below-ground parameters along the chronosequence (degraded pastures (DP), early forests (EF), intermediate forests (IF), and old-growth forests (OF)) in two highly fragmented landscapes of the Colombian Amazon as an estimate of the level of functional vulnerability. Three sets of functional attributes were evaluated: (i) functional composition based on the community-weighted mean (CWM) of five traits; (ii) functional diversity based on the multi-trait indices and functional dispersion (FDis) of each individual trait; and (iii) the functional vulnerability at the community-level and species-level. The individual traits did not show a clear pattern along the chronosequence. However, the trend indicated an increase in the values of resource conservation traits with the age of abandonment. The functional response of the community did not vary between landscapes. Between DP and OF, there was a significant increase in functional diversity and a decrease in functional redundancy, which increased community-level vulnerability. Consequently, the more vulnerable species were observed in the IF and OF plots. In addition, a decrease in environmental parameters, such as penetration resistance, bulk density and Ca content, and an increase in slope, precipitation, electric conductivity, pH, clay, organic material, and P and N contents increased the vulnerability. We elucidated the need for secondary forest management in terms of conservation and restoration to maintain the capacity to respond to changing environmental conditions in highly fragmented landscapes in the Andean-Amazonian transition.

2.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater ; 109(2): 193-200, 2021 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32748573

ABSTRACT

A biocompatible and biodegradable scaffold with load-bearing ability is required to enhance the repair of bone defects by facilitating the attachment, and proliferation of cells, and vascularization during new bone formation. However, it is challenging to maintain the porosity and biodegradability, as well as mechanical properties (especially compressive strength), at the same time. Therefore, in the present work, a biodegradable composite structure of poly(caprolactone) (PCL) was designed using compression molding with varying amounts of poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) (25, 50, 75 wt%) and fixed amount (20 wt%) of beta tricalcium phosphate (beta TCP). It was hypothesized that the fabricated composite structure will develop porosity during the degradation of the PGA and that the corresponding decrease in mechanical properties will be compensated by new bone formation and ingrowth, in vivo. Accordingly, we have systematically studied the effects of sample composition on time-dependent dissolution and mechanical properties of the PGA/beta TCP scaffolds. The compressive strength increased up to ~92 MPa at 50% compression of the designed PCL-PGA samples. Furthermore, the dissolution rate, as well as weight loss, was observed to increase with an increase in the PGA amount in PCL. Based on the mechanical properties and dissolution data, it is concluded that the PCL-PGA scaffolds with beta TCP can be suitable candidates for bone tissue engineering applications, specifically for the reconstruction of bone defects, where strength and biodegradation are both important characteristics.


Subject(s)
Absorbable Implants , Bone Substitutes/chemistry , Calcium Phosphates/chemistry , Polyesters/chemistry , Polyglycolic Acid/chemistry , Compressive Strength , Weight-Bearing
3.
Rev. méd. Caja Seguro Soc ; 22(1/2): 39-45, ene.-mayo 1990. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-165582

ABSTRACT

El autor presenta, de manera suscinta, una revisión sobre la evaluación de los generadores de marcapasos actualmente disponibles en el mercado con la intención de introducir a los clínicos generales en el campo de la estimulación cardíaca contemporánea


Subject(s)
Humans , Pacemaker, Artificial , Electrocardiography
4.
Rev. méd. Caja Seguro Soc ; 21(2): 131-5, mayo 1989.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-77915

ABSTRACT

Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar, de manera suscinta, el fundamento científico del ejercicio físico como factor coadyuvante en el manejo de las diferentes fases de la cardiopatía isquémica, tomando en consideración, exclusivamente, los estudios de mayor importancia en seres humanos y que reafirman directamente las actuales recomendaciones clínicas. Durante las últimas dos décadas el ejerccio físico ha sido recomendado, puesto que constituye un factor coadyuvante en la prevención primaria, secundaria y terceria de la cardiopatía isquémica. La comunidad en general se ha concientizado en relación a la importancia de la actividad física regular, y ha solicitado, cada vez más al médico, especialmente cardiólogo, una orientación específica concerniente al ejercicio físico. Por otro lado, la incorporación de la Prueba de Esfuerzo como instrumento de investigación clínica esencial ha facilitado al cardiólogo el entendimiento de las respuestas fisiológicas y patológicas del ejercicio físico. Por el momento, la orientación de la actividad física de los pacientes sigue siendo muy variable. Algunos colegas continuan restringiendo al máximo la actividad de sus pacientes, mientras que otros hacen una orientación en base a evaluaciones objetivas y a un seguimiento periódico. Sin embargo, una posición intermedia recomienda la práctica de la caminata, independientemente de la capacidad del paciente. Estas posturas diversas, y hasta contradictorias, surgen, probablemente, del hecho de que algunos aspectos son todavía controversiales principalmente los relacionados a los riesgos y beneficios de la actividad física en las diversas fases de la cardiopatía isquémica


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiology , Exercise , Preventive Medicine , Coronary Disease , Exercise Test , Death, Sudden , Primary Prevention
5.
Rev. méd. Caja Seguro Soc ; 21(1): 63-5, ene. 1989.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-77903

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad arterial coronaria constituye una de las mayores amenazas a la salud en la sociedad actual, la cual presenta una estrecha relación con los conocidos factores de riesgo.Entre estos factores resaltamos la determinación de los lípidos sanguíneos, tales como el VLDL, el colesterol total y en especial el LDL, los cuales se encuentran relacionados en forma positiva con los ataques cardíacos; el colesterol asociado al HDL tiene una función protectora.El objetivo del tratamiento es el de normalizar las cifras del LDL, VLDL y aumentar el HDL, a través de medidas dietéticas o en asociación con fármacos.Este problema de salud pública pertenece al dominio de la Medicina Preventiva y, por lo tanto, interesa a toda la colectividad médica


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Hypertriglyceridemia/prevention & control , Risk Factors , Coronary Disease , Hypercholesterolemia/prevention & control , Hyperlipidemias/prevention & control
6.
Rev. méd. Caja Seguro Soc ; 20(3): 65-9, sept. 1988.
Article in Spanish, English | LILACS | ID: lil-73640

ABSTRACT

Presenta un resumen de los estudios epidemilológicos más relevantes relacionados con la influencia de los principales factores de riesgo aterogénico en el desenvolvimiento de la aterosclerosis en los pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria


Subject(s)
Humans , Coronary Artery Disease/complications , Risk Factors
8.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 48(4): 237-240, abr. 1987. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-41273

ABSTRACT

O traumatismo da válvula tricúspide, subseqüentes disfunçäo e insuficiência, constitui uma lesäo pouco comum e geralmente bem tolerada, com sintomas que variam desde fadiga até congestäo periférica maciça com ascite e edema. Apresenta-se o caso de um paciente masculino de 49 anos de idade, militar, o qual desenvolveu insuficiência tricúspide após traumatismo torácico. No diagnóstico da rotura de cordoalha tendinosa da válvula tricúspide, a ecocardiografia bidimensional foi um procedimento diagnóstico essencial, enquanto a ecocardiografia módulo-M näo mostrou achados específicos. Este caso teve uma evoluçäo relativamente benigna com possibilidade de sobrevida a longo prazo sem cirurgia


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications , Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/etiology , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Tricuspid Valve/injuries
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