ABSTRACT
Introduction The resulting neonatal, weight of the newborn (NB) is considered as a health indicator since the nutritional status of the neonate can have repercussions on the growth and development of the child until adulthood. Secondly, preterm delivery is associated with several maternal risk factors, such as the presence of anemia, adolescence, or advanced age. The aim of the study was to determine the maternal risk factors related to neonatal outcomes in primiparous. Methods A descriptive, observational, quantitative, longitudinal, and non-experimental study was conducted. Data were collected from women who gave birth from September 2021 to August 2022, in a Microsoft Excel database and the analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 26. Results The study population consisted of 224 pregnant women, aged 16 to 41 years, with a mean of 21 years (SD ± 4 years), the most predominant age range was under 20 years, with 53.33%, 81.7% were of middle socioeconomic status, 50.4% had basic education, 89.7% self-identified as mestizo race, 86.2% were of Ecuadorian nationality, and 96.0% resided in the urban area. A total of 97.8% were term NB, 69.9% were normal weight, and 96.4% had an Apgar score of 8 to 10 in the first minute after birth. Maternal factors related to Apgar 7 were adolescent and elderly women, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.180; having maternal comorbidity OR: 2.0612; the factors related to preterm and post-term neonates were the degree of primary and basic education, OR: 2.0, without statistical significance (p>0.05). And in relation to low weight and high weight, we have an academic education OR: 3.0417, without statistical significance (p>0.05); and mothers with a history of previous abortions, OR: 8.6000, with high statistical significance (p<0.05). Conclusions Among the main maternal factors related to neonatal outcome in primiparous pregnant women were educational level, age, number of prenatal checkups, and history of previous abortions.
ABSTRACT
Fundamentos: Existen pocos trabajos que muestren factores de riesgo y protección asociados a la Lactancia Materna exclusiva (LME).El objetivo fue determinar qué factores constituyen elementos de protección o de riesgo para la instalación de LME en mujeres de distinto nivel socioeconómico y educativo, controladas en el sistema público de salud de Santiago. Métodos: Una muestra de 242 madres, atendidas en sistema público, con hijos de entre 1 y 6 meses, a quienes se les aplico una encuesta sobre LME. Resultados: Las principales causas de destete fueron "no se llena queda con hambre" 18,8%, seguida por las causas "rechazo del niño al pecho" 12%, e "inicio de actividades laborales o estudiantiles" 12%. La regresión logística mostró que el parto vaginal está asociado positivamente a la LME (OR 0,44; IC 0,24 -0,78), en cambio el no tener experiencia previa o haber tenido una mala experiencia está asociado negativamente a la LME (OR 3,82; IC 1,87 -7,78). Conclusiones: El parto vaginal es un elemento protector que está ligado a los procedimientos que le siguen y que permiten una inducción temprana de la lactancia
Background: Few studies show risk and protection factors associated with it, and although the prevalence of LME.The objective was to determine which factors constitute elements of protection or risk for the installation of LME in women of different socioeconomic and educational levels, controlled in the public health system of Santiago. Methods: A sample of 242 mothers, attended in public system, with children between 1 and 6 months. To whom a survey on LME was applied. Results: The main causes of weaning were "not filled, with hunger" "18.8%, followed by causes" rejection of the child to the breast" 12%, and" onsetof work or student activities "12%. Logistic regression showed that protective vaginal delivery (OR 0.44 IC 0.24 -0.78) and having no prior experience or having a poor experience is at risk(OR 3.82 CI 1.87 -7.78).Conclusions: Vaginal birth is a protective element that is linked to the procedures that follow and allow early induction of lactation
