Annotating very high-resolution satellite imagery: A whale case study.

The use of very high-resolution (VHR) optical satellites is gaining momentum in the field of wildlife monitoring, particularly for whales, as this technology is showing potential for monitoring the less studied regions. However, surveying large areas using VHR optical satellite imagery requires the development of automated systems to detect targets. Machine learning approaches require large training datasets of annotated images. Here we propose a standardised workflow to annotate VHR optical satellite imagery using ESRI ArcMap 10.8, and ESRI ArcGIS Pro 2.5., using cetaceans as a case study, to develop AI-ready annotations.•A step-by-step protocol to review VHR optical satellite images and annotate the features of interest.•A step-by-step protocol to create bounding boxes encompassing the features of interest.•A step-by-step guide to clip the satellite image using bounding boxes to create image chips.

High prevalence of geriatric syndromes in older adults.

INTRODUCTION: The geriatric syndromes of frailty, sarcopenia, weight loss, and dementia are highly prevalent in elderly individuals across all care continuums. Despite their deleterious impact on quality of life, disability, and mortality in older adults, they are frequently under-recognized. At Saint Louis University, the Rapid Geriatric Assessment (RGA) was developed as a brief screening tool to identify these four geriatric syndromes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2015-2019, the RGA, comprised of the FRAIL, SARC-F, Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), and Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS) tools and a question on Advance Directives, was administered to 11,344 individuals ≥ 65 years of age across Missouri in community, office-based, hospital, Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE), and nursing home care settings. Standard statistical methods were used to calculate the prevalence of frailty, sarcopenia, weight loss, and dementia across the sample. RESULTS: Among the 11,344 individuals screened by the RGA, 41.0% and 30.4% met the screening criteria for pre-frailty and frailty respectively, 42.9% met the screening criteria for sarcopenia, 29.3% were anorectic and at risk for weight loss, and 28.1% screened positive for dementia. The prevalence of frailty, risk for weight loss, sarcopenia, and dementia increased with age and decreased when hospitalized patients and those in the PACE program or nursing home were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: Using the RGA as a valid screening tool, the prevalence of one or more of the geriatric syndromes of frailty, sarcopenia, weight loss, and dementia in older adults across all care continuums is quite high. Management approaches exist for each of these syndromes that can improve outcomes. It is suggested that the brief RGA screening tool be administered to persons 65 and older yearly as part of the Medicare Annual Wellness Visit.

Baseball reminiscence league: a model for supporting persons with dementia.

Reminiscence therapy for persons with dementia improves socialization and quality of life. Herein we report the development of reminiscence groups based around memories of professional baseball. Preliminary feedback suggests that this can be a successful approach to enhancing quality of life for persons with mild to moderate dementia.

Oncology nursing in Cuba: report of the delegation.

In December 2011, the first delegation of oncology nurses from the United States visited Havana, Cuba. The delegation included oncology nurses, educators, and leaders from across America and provided opportunities to learn about the healthcare system, cancer, and oncology nursing in Cuba. Delegation members attended lectures, toured facilities, and enjoyed Cuban culture. This exchange highlighted the similarities in cancer care and oncology nursing between countries and opened doors for future collaborations.

Acceptability and validity of older driver screening with the DrivingHealth Inventory.

Research has indicated that technology can be effectively used to identify high-risk older drivers. However, adaptation of such technology has been limited. Researchers debate whether older drivers represent a safety problem as well as whether they should be screened for driving fitness. The present study examined how drivers feel regarding technological screening and mandatory state testing. The validity and acceptability of a new technological screening battery for identifying high-risk drivers, the DrivingHealth Inventory (DHI), was also evaluated. In a sample of 258 Alabama drivers aged 18-87, older drivers performed significantly worse than younger drivers on sensory, cognitive, and physical subtests of the DHI, and older drivers with a crash history performed worse than older drivers without crashes. Regardless of age, 90% of participants supported states requiring screening for older drivers' license renewal. The majority of the participants (72%) supported use of technological screening batteries such as the DHI as a driver screening tool. Considering the acceptability and potential efficacy of the DHI, it may be a useful tool in evaluating driving fitness among older adults.

The impacts of subsidized health insurance on employees' use of preventive health services.

This study presents an uncontrolled preliminary evaluation of a pilot health insurance subsidy program and addresses whether provision of subsidized insurance that required employee contribution had an impact upon preventive health utilization among small businesses and their employees. Self-report questionnaires were mailed to the employees; these included questions on use of preventive health services before and after enrollment in the subsidy program. The analysis was stratified by self-reported prior enrollment in an insurance program to compare employees with and without prior health insurance. The findings suggest significant increases in health service utilization among the previously uninsured. Regular checkups more than doubled (p < .0001), as did the number of individuals receiving regular blood work (p < .0001). Nearly twice the number of individuals filled regular prescriptions after enrollment in the subsidy program as compared with before (p < .0001). This study suggests that employees of small businesses are willing to contribute to the cost of a health insurance premium, and once insured are more likely to use preventive services. A model of shared cost responsibility is an effective way to provide affordable insurance to small-business employees, thus increasing preventive services in these populations.