Lipid composition of plasma obtained from various parts of the vascular system of the rabbit.

Lipid concentrations were compared in the arterial blood, peripheral venous blood (pinna), and blood from the portal vein, hepatic vein, inferior caval vine and both renal veins (right and left). Greatest differences were found between the arterial blood and venous blood from a peripheral vein and hepatic vein. For assessment of the degree of lipid assimilation by the peripheral tissues simultaneous determination of triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations in arterial blood and peripheral venous blood was found to be most useful. Liver ability of lipid synthesis can be measured on the basis of difference in the concentrations of cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids and phospholipids in the arterial and venous blood leaving the liver. Blood passage through the kidneys had no influence on changes in the lipid concentration.

Renal pathomorphology and histochemistry in dog after hemodilution as well as after administration of full blood in extracorporeal circulation in dog.

Dog kidneys were studied morphologically and histochemically after hemodilution to a 10--20% hematocrict value and transfusion of whole blood under conditions of extracorporeal circulation ensuring constant (linear) flow. Marked interstitial edema in the dog kidneys after hemodilution was the most pronounced alteration, attributed to disorders in the capillary circulation depending upon the apparatus employed. This conclusion was supported by similar changes in animals subjected to various degrees of hemodilution. Widening of the glomerular space and compression of renal tubules were the direct consequences of interstitial edema. Histochemical reactions revealed damage of the cell membranes. Swelling of the ergastoplasm and lysosomes was interpreted as secondary to disorders in circulation of tissue fluid. The least pronounced changes concerned the mitochondria. After extracorporeal circulation with whole blood, thrombi and fat emboli were observed in the blood vessels of the renal glomeruli, attributable to damage of blood in the extracorporeal circulation apparatus.

Moderate hemodilution technic in surgical procedures. Blood electrolyte balance in patients undergoing operation for gastric and duodenal ulcer.

Studies to determine selected blood electrolyte concentrations showed no disturbances in serum sodium, chloride, and copper concentrations during and after moderate hemodilution to 30 per cent of hematocrit. Sudden significant decreases in serum potassium, magnesium, and total calcium concentrations at ten minutes after hemodilution were the result of physical dilution only and did not have negative effects on organs, especially the heart. We observed a significant decrease in serum iron concentration with a gradual return to the control value; we cannot explain this phenomenon because it resulted neither from dilution nor blood loss. Our results require that caution be exercised and that the dilution fluid employed be changed when more significant hemodilution (below 30 per cent of hematocrit) is intended, so that suspected, more intensive sudden alterations in electrolyte concentration are prevented.