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1.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 40(2): 123-128, June 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-687147

ABSTRACT

Introduction: There is wide availability of products containing sweeteners but there is no regulation on its consumption. Objective: To establish if adults and children with normal weight or obesity from three socioeconomic levels, and a group of adults and children with diabetes; do not exceed ADI levels for some sweeteners. Methods: Group 1 (477 adults, Group 2 (516 children) from socioeconomic levels: ABC1, C2 and C3, normal nutritional status and obesity, and group 3 (218) adults and children with diabetes. The daily intake of sweeteners was recorded, including: aspartame (ASP), acesulfame K (AK), cyclamate (CICL), saccharin (SAC), sucralose (SUC) and stevia (STV). Results: 85% adults and 75%% of children consumed products with sweeteners, and of these 50% were instant powdered beverages, soft drinks or diet yogurts. When comparing the consumption between groups 1 and 2, group 1 consumed a larger amount of sweeteners (p<0.05). Group 1 ABC1 ate more AK, ASP and SUC than C2 and C3 (p<0.05). Group 3 did not surpass the acceptable daily intake of AK, ASP, SUC and STE, but 5.8% of adults and 25% of diabetic children exceeded the ADI for SAC. Conclusions: The 97.5% and the 98.8% had a safe consumption of artificial sweeteners. It should be emphasized that 5.8% of adults and 25% of diabetic children exceeded the maximum ADI for SAC, finding that suggests to be continued long-term studies to elucidate whether this has implications for health.


Introducción: Existe gran disponibilidad de productos con edulcorantes pero no existe regulación sobre su consumo. Objetivo: determinar si individuos adultos y niños con estado nutricional normal u obesidad de tres niveles socioeconómicos y un grupo de adultos y niños con diabetes, no excedían la ingesta diaria admisible de los edulcorantes permitidos. Metodología: Grupo 1 (477 adultos) y grupo 2 (516 niños) de niveles socioeconómicos (NSE): ABC1, C2 y C3, estado nutricional normal y obesos, y grupo 3 (218) adultos y niños diabéticos. Se registró la ingesta diaria de edulcorantes incluyéndose: aspartame (ASP), acesulfamo K (AK), ciclamato (CICL), sacarina (SAC), sucralosa (SUC) y estevia (STV). Resultados: El 85 % adultos y 75 % de niños consumían productos con edulcorantes y de estos el 50% eran bebidas instantáneas en polvo, bebidas gaseosas o yogurts dietéticos. Al comparar la ingesta de edulcorantes entre los grupos 1 y 2, el grupo 1 tuvo una mayor ingesta (p<0.05) que el grupo 2. El grupo 1 del NSE ABC1, consumió mas AK, ASP y SUC que NSE C2 y C3 (p<0.05). En el grupo 3, el 5.8% de adultos y el 25% de niños diabéticos sobrepasaron el IDA sólo para SAC. Conclusiones: El 97.5% adultos y el 98.8% niños tuvieron ingesta dentro del nivel seguro en cada edulcorante. Se debe enfatizar que el 5,8% de adultos y 25% de niños diabéticos excedieron el IDA máximo para SAC, hallazgo que sugiere continuar con estudios a largo plazo que permitan dilucidar si esto tiene repercusión para la salud.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aspartame , Child , Adult , Maximum Acceptable Dose , Cyclamates , Non-Nutritive Sweeteners , Recommended Dietary Allowances , Diet, Healthy , Chile
2.
Rev Med Chil ; 133(7): 795-804, 2005 Jul.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16341386

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Infantile obesity is associated with metabolic disturbances (hyperinsulinism, impaired glucose, dyslipidemia) that determine a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and atherosclerotic vascular disease in adulthood. Insulin resistance is a central mechanism of complications of obesity and is associated to body fat mass. AIM: To investigate insulin sensitivity and its association with anthropometric and metabolic variables in obese children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 314 children aged 6 to 15 years. Of these, 235 had a body mass index (BMI) over the 95 percentile for age and sex (classified as obese) and 79 had a normal body mass index; 161 were pre-pubescent and 153 were pubescent. Weight, height, percentage of total body fat (% TBF) using the sum of 4 skinfolds, blood pressure (BP), waist circumference (WC), basal glucose (Glu) and insulin (Ins) were measured. Insulin sensitivity (IS) was calculated with the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and QUICKI index. Serum lipids, postprandial Glu and Ins were measured only in obese children. RESULTS: BMI, WC and % TBF had an inverse and significant correlation with basal IS (p <0.001). Obese children had higher BP, basal Ins, and HOMA and a lower QUICKI index, compared to normal weight children. A low basal IS was present in 58% of obese children. Obese children with low IS had higher WC, % TBF, triglycerides, total/HDL-cholesterol ratio, basal and 2-h post glucose Gli and Ins and lower HDL-cholesterol than obese children with normal IS. In prepubescent children, the risk of a low IS was 2.43 times higher with a TBF over 33%. In pubescent children, it was 2.92 times higher with a TBF over 37%. CONCLUSIONS: Low IS in prepubescent and pubescent obese children is associated with central obesity and a higher cardiovascular.


Subject(s)
Body Mass Index , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Insulin Resistance , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Obesity/complications , Adolescent , Blood Glucose , Blood Pressure , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism , Nutritional Status , Obesity/metabolism , Puberty , Risk Factors , Sex Factors
3.
Rev. cuba. farm ; 20(3): 257-64, sep.-dic. 1986.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-1511

ABSTRACT

Se clasifican 4 taxa de 89 híbridos arbustivos del género Datura L. mediante un análisis de componentes principales y se toman en consideración 4 cosechas de material vegetal. Se seleccionaron 2 componentes que representan el 74,6 de la variabilidad, en la componente 1 se incluyen la altura, las dimensiones de las hojas y el rendimiento de material vegetal; y en la componente 2, la altura, el rendimiento de material vegetal, número de ramificaciones y de hojas. Se destacan por tener mayor contribución de ambos componentes Datura sp., cultivada en la Gran Piedra, los híbridos 2,6,8,16,24,32 y 33 de la población de D. suaveolens H. B., ex Wild (f) x D. candida (Pers.) Safford (flores naranjas) (m), 12 y 20 de la población de Datura sp. (Gran Piedra) (f) x D. candida (flores naranjas) (m), 12 de la población Datura sp. (Gran Piedra) (f) x D. candida (flores blancas) (m) y 1 y 4 de la población de D. candida (flores blancas (f) x Datura sp. (Gran Piedra) (m)


Subject(s)
Datura stramonium/genetics , Multivariate Analysis
4.
Rev. cuba. farm ; 20(3): 257-64, sept.-dic. 1986.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-51919

ABSTRACT

Se clasifican 4 taxa de 89 híbridos arbustivos del género Datura L. mediante un análisis de componentes principales y se toman en consideración 4 cosechas de material vegetal. Se seleccionaron 2 componentes que representan el 74,6 de la variabilidad, en la componente 1 se incluyen la altura, las dimensiones de las hojas y el rendimiento de material vegetal; y en la componente 2, la altura, el rendimiento de material vegetal, número de ramificaciones y de hojas. Se destacan por tener mayor contribución de ambos componentes Datura sp., cultivada en la Gran Piedra, los híbridos 2,6,8,16,24,32 y 33 de la población de D. suaveolens H. B., ex Wild (f) x D. candida (Pers.) Safford (flores naranjas) (m), 12 y 20 de la población de Datura sp. (Gran Piedra) (f) x D. candida (flores naranjas) (m), 12 de la población Datura sp. (Gran Piedra) (f) x D. candida (flores blancas) (m) y 1 y 4 de la población de D. candida (flores blancas (f) x Datura sp. (Gran Piedra) (m)


Subject(s)
Datura stramonium/genetics , Multivariate Analysis
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