Expectations of How Acute Cannabis Use Affects Gambling Experiences and Behaviors.

Emerging research shows that many individuals commonly consume cannabis while gambling. However, individuals' expectations for how cannabis consumption will impact their gambling behavior remain unknown. Participants who gambled weekly (N = 472) were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk and completed assessments of gambling behaviors, cannabis consumption, and expectations about the influence of cannabis on gambling. Almost all participants (94%) screened positive for problem gambling. Over half of participants (55%) reported lifetime cannabis consumption, and almost all those participants (99%) reported gambling under the influence of cannabis (GUIC) in the past month. Most participants agreed with positive expectations of gambling; they expected that they would feel calmer when under the influence of cannabis (61.4%), that gambling would be more enjoyable (61.0%), and that their gambling skills would increase when GUIC (60.6%). At the same time, most participants also agreed with negative expectations of GUIC. They expected cannabis use would make them more careless (56.4%), more anxious (54.8%), and less able to concentrate (53.7%) while gambling. Negative cannabis expectancies were significantly associated with the severity of cannabis consumption. Both positive and negative cannabis expectancies were significantly associated with gambling problems and time spent gambling under the influence of cannabis. These findings indicate that expectations may influence the decision to consume cannabis and gamble simultaneously. This study contributes to the need for addressing cannabis expectations during treatment of gambling problems.

Psychosocial and personality trait associates of phubbing and being phubbed in hispanic emerging adult college students.

Phubbing is when one uses their smartphone in a social interaction instead of interacting with the other individual(s) in their presence. Phubbing and being phubbed are growing concerns as the number of smartphones and frequency of smartphone use increases. This study assessed the relationships between phubbing, being phubbed, psychosocial constructs, and socially adverse personality traits among Hispanic emerging adult college students. Hispanic college students (n = 452) completed a survey assessing: sociodemographics, phubbing, being phubbed, depression, anxiety, stress, Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and need for drama (interpersonal manipulation, impulsive outspokenness, persistent perceived victimhood). Hispanic emerging adult college students reported low-to-moderate levels of phubbing and being phubbed. Regarding phubbing findings, nomophobia (fear of separation from one's phone), interpersonal conflict, and problem acknowledgement were positively associated with negative affect. Moreover, interpersonal conflict, self-isolation, and problem acknowledgement were positively associated with interpersonal manipulation. Regarding being phubbed findings, perceived norms, feeling ignored, and interpersonal conflict were positively associated with persistent perceived victimhood. Findings indicate that Hispanic college students may use their smartphones in social settings to alleviate negative affect. Moreover, a virtual environment on a smartphone may be easier to manipulate and can be used to continue garnering attention and portraying oneself as the victim, fulfilling one's need for drama. Regarding exploratory mediations, phubbing and being phubbed mediated the relationships between multiple socially adverse personality traits and negative affect. The clinical implications of these results are discussed. Prospective studies are warranted to determine temporality. Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04767-y.

Characteristics associated with marijuana use in Latinx college students.

While marijuana use rates are significantly high within college students, less is known about use patterns and correlates in Latinx groups. This study assessed the relationships between ever use and frequency of use of marijuana, polysubstance use, expectancies, motives, and mental illness symptoms among Latinx college students (n = 345). Results indicated more frequent marijuana use was positively associated with: enjoyment, celebration, social anxiety, low risk, sleep and availability and was negatively associated with: experimentation, boredom, altered perception, and anxiety. Other dual use with tobacco expectancies were also observed. These constructs should be explored prospectively and inform prevention and intervention efforts.

A prospective analysis of loss of control over eating, sociodemographics, and mental health during COVID-19 in the United States.

PURPOSE: The study assessed the relationships between sociodemographics, mental health, and prospective changes in loss of control over eating (LOCE). METHODS: Sixty-nine participants (Mage = 39.81 years, SD = 12.25; 49.3% female) completed a survey assessing sociodemographics, mental health, and LOCE at three time points. RESULTS: A one-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences between the Wave 1 and Wave 3 LOCE. Mixed between-within subjects ANOVAs revealed a main effects of time, essential worker status, and mental health constructs. Interaction effects were observed for sex, anxiety, and stress with time. CONCLUSION: Findings provide insight into eating behaviors during COVID-19.

Posting Alcohol-Related Content and Texting Under the Influence Among Hispanic College Students.

Social media use and texting among college students often coincide with drinking. The present study investigated the associations between monthly alcohol use, social media habits, sharing alcohol references, and drunk texting among Hispanic college students. Participants (n = 620, 71.6% female; Mage = 21.07 years, SD = 3.60) completed an online survey containing: demographics, drug use frequency, Sharing of Alcohol-Related Content on Social Media Sites Scale (SARC), Texting Under the Influence Scale, Strategic Self Presentation Scale, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, and iPhone Screen Time. Bivariate correlations assessed relationships between all variables. Six logistic regressions assessed subscales of the SARC, and a linear regression assessed the Texting Under the Influence Scale. Almost 15% of participants met criteria for social media addiction, almost 40% reported ever sharing alcohol posts, and approximately 20% reported drunk texting at least once per month. Participants with iPhones averaged 16.84 weekly hours on social media (based on "screen time"). Frequently posting references of drinking alone was associated with more time on social media, higher social media addiction, and greater public sharing of alcohol content. Conversely, posting references of drinking at social gatherings was associated with privately sharing alcohol references and increased social media addiction. Drunk texting was related to increased age, greater Instagram use, decreased Facebook use, and privately sharing alcohol posts. Findings suggest patterns of drinking and sharing alcohol-related content to inform health promotion efforts, especially while many during COVID-19 are heightening use of alcohol and social media.

Psychosocial Correlates of Excessive Social Media Use in a Hispanic College Sample.

Excessive social media has emerged as a potential behavioral addiction with multiple consequences, especially in young adulthood (18-24 years). This study aimed to assess the relationship between excessive social media use, sociodemographics, and psychosocial constructs in a Hispanic college student sample. College students (n = 621; n = 456 females; n = 160 males) from a university located on the U.S./Mexico border completed a survey assessing sociodemographics, social media addiction, social media use, and psychosocial constructs (e.g., Internet motives, sensation seeking, and need for drama [NFD]). Descriptive analyses were conducted, as were two linear regressions assessing weekly social media use and social media addiction. Participants reported using social media an average of 20 hours a week (SD = 19.47). In addition, 57.9 percent of participants reported using social media once a day or more, whereas 15.1 percent met the social media addiction threshold. Weekly social media use was positively associated with NFD, socialization, and coping as motives while being negatively associated with age. Social media addiction was positively associated with NFD and coping while being negatively associated with age. Findings suggest that Hispanic college students evidence high social media use rates and may be using social media as an unhealthy strategy to deal with negative mood and daily problems. Furthermore, college students may be using social media as an avenue to engage in attention-seeking behaviors and manipulation of others. Prospective studies are warranted to assess these relationships temporally, as are intervention efforts aimed at reducing excessive social media use.

Útilidad de la ecografía intraoperatoria en la exéresis de las lesiones no palpables de la mama: experiencia y revisión de conjunto / Usefulness of intraoperative ultrasound in excision of non-lesions palpable of the breast: experience and overview

RESUMEN OBJETIVO: Presentar la experiencia de la unidad de mama de nuestro hospital con la utilización de la ecografía intraoperatoria en el tratamiento de las lesiones no palpables de mama. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Se incluyeron aquellas pacientes con lesiones no palpables de mama y ecovisibles. Intraoperatoriamente se localizó la lesión con la ecografía y se procedió a su exéresis, con comprobación ecográfica de su correcta extirpación con márgenes de seguridad. Se realizó estudio macroscópico en fresco de los márgenes marcados con tinta intraoperatoriamente. En caso de que los márgenes no fueran correctos se procedía a una ampliación de márgenes en el mismo acto quirúrgico. RESULTADOS: Desde el año 2012 se han intervenido 52 pacientes. En todas las pacientes se localizó la lesión con la ecografía. Se realizó tumorectomía a 24 pacientes y a 28 pacientes se les asoció la biopsia del ganglio centinela. El resultado patológico definitivo fue de 19 lesiones benignas y 33 lesiones malignas. A una paciente se le realizó mastectomía simple por presentar un carcinoma in situ extenso con microinfiltración no diagnosticado con las pruebas radiológicas preoperatorias. El resto de pacientes presentaron márgenes libres de tumor. CONCLUSIONES: La ecografía intraoperatoria es una técnica simple y fácil de desarrollar. Presenta una baja tasa de afectación de márgenes y es enteramente cirujano-controlada. Es confortable para el paciente y conlleva un bajo riesgo de complicaciones relacionadas con la técnica.

ABSTRACT OBJETIVE: To present the results of our hospital's experience with the utilization of intraoperative ultrasound in the treatment of non-palpable breast lesions. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We included those patients whose breast lesions were non-palpable yet simultaneously visible on ultrasound. The lesions were located intraoperatively with ultrasound and were removed with ultrasound verification of the proper security margins. An examination of the intraoperative macroscopic margins with ink was done. In cases with incorrect margins, a re-excision was done utilizing the same technique but with amplified margins. RESULTS: Dating from 2012, we have operated on 52 patients. In all cases, the lesions were discovered and localized by means of ultrasound. Lumpectomy was performed on 24 patients and we associated the sentinel node biopsy in 28 cases. Subsequent pathology reports determined that 19 lesions were benign and 33 lesions were malignant. There was one patient with a mastectomy because a long extensive ductal carcinoma in situ with microinfiltration that was not seeing during the preoperative study. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative ultrasound is an easy and simple technique that is entirely surgeon controlled and results in a low rate of positive margins. The procedure is comfortable for the patient and carries with it a low rate of complications.

Ecografía intraoperatoria: ¿método de elección en la detección de lesiones de la mama? / Intraoperative ultrasound: Is it the method of choice for the detection of breast lesions?

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Factors associated with bronchiectasis in patients with COPD.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of bronchiectasis in patients with moderate to severe COPD. However, the factors associated with bronchiectasis remain unknown in these patients. The objective of this study is to identify the factors associated with bronchiectasis in patients with moderate to severe COPD. METHODS: Consecutive patients with moderate (50% < FEV(1) ≤ 70%) or severe (FEV(1) ≤ 50%) COPD were included prospectively. All subjects filled out a clinical questionnaire, including information about exacerbations. Peripheral blood samples were obtained, and lung function tests were performed in all patients. Sputum samples were provided for monthly microbiologic analysis for 6 months. All the tests were performed in a stable phase for at least 6 weeks. High-resolution CT scans of the chest were used to diagnose bronchiectasis. RESULTS: Ninety-two patients, 51 with severe COPD, were included. Bronchiectasis was present in 53 patients (57.6%). The variables independently associated with the presence of bronchiectasis were severe airflow obstruction (OR, 3.87; 95% CI, 1.38-10.5; P = .001), isolation of a potentially pathogenic microorganism (PPM) (OR, 3.59; 95% CI, 1.3-9.9; P = .014), and at least one hospital admission due to COPD exacerbations in the previous year (OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.07-8.77; P = .037). CONCLUSION: We found an elevated prevalence of bronchiectasis in patients with moderate to severe COPD, and this was associated with severe airflow obstruction, isolation of a PPM from sputum, and at least one hospital admission for exacerbations in the previous year.

Adenoma de Hürthle: falso positivo de hiperparatiroidismo en la gammagrafía con 99mTc-sestamibi / Hürthle celladenoma: false positive in 99m Tc -sestamibi hyperparathyroidism study

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[Selective embolization in the treatment of severe renal injury]. / Embolización selectiva en el tratamiento de un traumatismo renal severo.

OBJECTIVES: We report a new case of severe renal trauma with significant active bleeding and urinary tract lesion in a hemodynamically stable patient, emphasizing the option of conservative treatment with selective embolization of the bleeding segmentary renal arteries, and stenting of the urinary tract with retrograde insertion of a JJ stent; thus avoiding emergency surgery associated with a high risk of nephrectomy. We review the indications of this therapeutic option. METHODS: Embolization of bleeding segmentary renal arteries and retrograde insertion of a JJ stent in a 24 year old patient presenting with severe renal trauma after motorbike motor vehicular accident. Patient remained hemodynamically stable during the whole diagnostic and therapeutic process. Good clinical outcome after 72 hours of ICU control and 18 days of admission in the Urology ward. RESULTS: After selective embolization bleeding stopped immediately; significative hematoma resorption and urinary fluid collection disappearance was seen during a 3 week hospital admission. There were not either immediate or deferred complications, being both renal function and blood pressure normal after 18 months follow up. CONCLUSION: Embolization of the bleeding segmentary renal arteries after severe renal trauma in hemodynamically stable patients is a therapeutic option that allows avoiding emergency surgery, which is associated with high risk for nephrectomy. Urinary tract stenting is enough for a good outcome of the pyelocalicilar system.

Embolización selectiva en el tratamiento de un traumatismo renal severo / Selective embolization in the treatment of severe renal trauma

OBJETIVOS: Aportamos un nuevo caso de traumatismo renal severo con importante sangrado activo y lesión de la vía excretora en paciente hemodinámicamente estable, resaltando la posibilidad de tratamiento conservador con la embolización selectiva de las arterias segmentarias renales sangrantes y tutorización de la vía excretora con catéter doble J retrógradamente, evitando la cirugía urgente con alto riesgo de nefrectomía. Revisamos las indicaciones de esta alternativa terapéutica. METODO: Embolización selectiva de las arterias segmentarias renales sangrantes y colocación de doble J vía retrógrada, tras Las lesiones en general aparecen después de algunas horas de haber ingerido el fármaco causal y se resuelven espontáneamente en el curso de varias semanas. Las reincidencias tendrán lugar exactamente en los mismos sitios si el paciente vuelve a ingerir el mismo fármaco. Este tipo de reincidencia en los mismos sitios por lo general es el rasgo clínico que orienta hacia el diagnóstico correcto (3).El tratamiento consiste en averiguar el tipo de fármaco que origina la reacción medicamentosa y evitarlo. En manifestaciones graves o más generalizadas en el resto del tegumento cutáneo es aconsejable la utilización de corticoides tópicos y por vía general (1). traumatismo renal severo en paciente varón de 24 años de edad por accidente de motocicleta. El paciente permaneció hemodinámicamente estable durante todo el proceso diagnóstico y terapéutico. Control en UCI durante 72 h. y en sala de Urología durante 18 d. con buena evolución clínica. RESULTADOS: Cese inmediato del sangrado activo tras embolización selectiva, importante reabsorción del hematoma perirrenal y desaparición del urinoma durante las 3 semanas de estancia hospitalaria. No hubo complicaciones inmediatas ni diferidas, siendo la función renal y la tensión arterial normales tras un año y medio de seguimiento. CONCLUSION: La embolización selectiva de las arterias renales sangrantes tras un traumatismo renal severo, en pacientes hemodinámicamente estables, es una alternativa terapéutica que puede evitar la cirugía urgente con alto riesgo de nefrectomía. La tutorización de la vía urinaria es suficiente para la buena evolución de las lesiones del sistema pielocalicial (AU)

Small bowel obstruction caused by snail's shell: radiographic and CT findings.

We report a case of small bowel obstruction in a 74-year-old woman presenting with abdominal pain due to the accidental swallowing of a snail shell. A diagnosis of obstruction was made by abdominal radiograph, and its etiology was found after abdominal CT was performed. This is an unusual case of small bowel obstruction due to a foreign body that was preoperatively diagnosed with imaging.