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1.
AIDS ; 13(12): 1469-75, 1999 Aug 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10465069

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Human polyomavirus JC (JCV) induces human progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients with AIDS. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of HIV-1-positive immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients can harbour JCV genome, but their precise role in JCV latency or reactivation status before the onset of PML remains hypothetical. OBJECTIVES: To assess JCV latency or reactivation status in PBMC of HIV-1-positive immunocompromised patients without PML. DESIGN: A group of 82 HIV-1-positive immunocompromised patients who did not have PML were compared with 10 patients with AIDS and PML and with 69 HIV-1-positive immunocompetent patients without PML. METHODS: DNA and total RNA were extracted from PBMC. The presence of JCV DNA was demonstrated by a semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By using primer pairs specific for an early gene,T, and a late gene, VP1, the expression of both early and late gene mRNA in PBMC could be identified using reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR. RESULTS: JCV DNA was detected by PCR in 17.4% of 69 HIV-1-positive immunocompetent patients, in 23.2% of 82 HIV-1-positive immunocompromised patients, and in 60% of 10 patients with AIDS and PML. No correlation could be drawn between the detection of JCV DNA in the PBMC and the clinical or biological status of the HIV-1-positive patients. By using RT-PCR procedures, no expression of JCV early and late mRNA in PBMC was found in any patients. CONCLUSIONS: JCV DNA is detectable in the PBMC of 20.5% of 151 HIV-1-infected patients independently of the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) stages of the infection. Moreover, our results suggest that active replication of JCV in PBMC appears to be absent or at least a very rare event in HIV-1-positive immunocompromised patients with and without PML.


Subject(s)
HIV Seropositivity/virology , HIV-1 , JC Virus/physiology , RNA, Messenger/blood , RNA, Viral/blood , Virus Latency , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology , DNA, Viral/blood , DNA, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid , HIV Seropositivity/immunology , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , JC Virus/genetics , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/virology , Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/complications , Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal/immunology , RNA, Messenger/analysis , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Virus Activation
2.
Bull. liaison doc. - OCEAC ; 28(1): 31-35, 1995.
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1260092

ABSTRACT

L'evaluation de tests diagnostiques se pose en termes differents selon que l'on dispose ou non au depart de certitudes sur le statut des sujets vis-a-vis de la maladie. Si l'on dispose d'un test de reference permettant de distinguer les malades des non malades; l'evaluation est relativement simple et l'on peut calculer facilement les principaux indices descriptifs de la performance diagnostique du test etudie. Si l'on ne dispose pas de test de reference ou si le nouveau test est destine a devenir la reference; l'evaluation consistera a comparer entre eux ces deux tests car les indices classiques ne peuvent plus etre interpretes facilement


Subject(s)
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
3.
Int. j. epidemiol ; 28(1): 20-25, 1995. tab
Article in French | AIM (Africa) | ID: biblio-1262995

ABSTRACT

Cette étude confirme que le taux de séroprévalence pour l'infection à VIH1 est préoccupant dans cette région frontalière. La situation géographique exceptionnelle de ce village; et l'importance des transactions commerciales qui y sont effectuées en font un point de convergence pour des femmes se livrant à la prostitution. S'installe alors; une prostitution occasionnelle non contrôlée qui fait de ce village un foyer épidémique important et une source potentielle de dissémination. Ce modèle n'est pas unique et montre que l'épidémie gagne les zones rurales par l'intermédiaire des places marchandes ou il devient impératif d'apporter aux populations l'information et l'éducation nécessaires. Ainsi les prostituées et les filles libres sont des populations cibles qu'il conviendrait d'informer et d'éduquer rapidement et en priorité dans ces régions si l'on ne veut pas voir la situation exploser dans un avenir proche


Subject(s)
Cameroon , Sex Workers
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