Instructional videos for parents/guardians of children with lip and palate clefts: integrative literature review.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review literature from the past five years, focusing on the use of educational videos as a guidance tool for parents and guardians of children with lip and palate clefts. SOURCE OF DATA: Conducted between April and July 2022, this integrative literature review was framed around the question: 'What is the evidence regarding the use of videos in health education for parents/guardians of children with cleft lip and palate? PICO strategy was used to develop the research. A literature search was undertaken across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Virtual Health Library databases. Of the eight articles included in this review, four were sourced from the PubMed database, with three published in 2021. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: The findings indicated that YouTube videos were moderately satisfactory and met the needs of parents or legal guardians to a partial extent. The majority of the videos analyzed in this review were characterized by a moderate level of informational content. One study particularly underscored that the content of these videos only partially satisfies the requirements of the parents or legal guardians of the children. CONCLUSIONS: Nevertheless, such videos are considered viable alternatives for health education, offering numerous benefits yet facing challenges, primarily due to the scarcity of information on orofacial malformations.

Evaluation of quality of life (QOL) of young patients with primary hyperhidrosis (PH) before and after endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS).

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperhidrosis (PH) affects young patients and may cause emotional distress and a negative quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the QOL of children and adolescents with PH treated by endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy. METHODS: A study of 220 patients was performed, based on submitted QOL questionnaires from their first consultation. Patients were evaluated within 1 week and 24 months after surgery. RESULTS: Before endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy, the QOL in relation to PH was declared very poor by 141 patients, and poor by the remaining 79 (P = .552). Postoperative cure was reported in 100% of palmar and axillary PH cases, and in 91.7% of facial PH. After 24 months, the QOL was described as much better by 212 patients, a little better by 6 patients, and 2 patients reported no change. LIMITATIONS: Convenience sampling was used and patients were taken from private practice only, raising the possibility of bias in gathering the data. CONCLUSION: Onset of PH symptoms was mainly before the age of 10 years and substantially affected daily activities. Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy cured PH and promoted significant improvement in the QOL of these young patients.

Associação da percepção do nível de estresse com marcadores de obesidade e funcionalidade em idosos / Association of perceived stress level with obesity and functionality markers in elderly / Asociación del nivel de estrés percibido con marcadores de obesidad y funcionalidad en ancianos

O estresse é um grave problema de saúde pública e sua gravidade e suscetibilidade se relacionam com uma série de fatores como a idade, a obesidade e a funcionalidade. As mudanças na saúde física, na saúde mental, na vida social e na capacidade cognitiva no envelhecimento predispõem o estresse. Assim, saber manejar o estresse do cotidiano é necessário, principalmente durante a velhice. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a percepção de estresse, presença de obesidade, funcionalidade e histórico de tabagismo em idosos de uma Universidade Aberta a Pessoa Idosa (UniAPI). Trata-se de um transversal. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, aplicado o questionário de percepção de estresse (EPS-10), medidas antropométricas (índice de massa corporal e circunferência de cintura), Escala de Brody e Lawton e histórico de tabagismo de 63 idosos. A comparação entre dois grupos foi realizada com o teste t- Student ou o Teste de Mann-Whitney. Para variáveis categóricas, o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e também, regressão linear múltipla ajustados por sexo e idade. A maioria dos idosos eram do sexo feminino (85,7%). Em relação ao estresse, 34% dos idosos apresentaram maior percepção de estresse. O IMC (∆= 3,57 kg/m²) foi maior no grupo com maior percepção de estresse, enquanto o score da escala de Lawton e Brody (∆= 0,47) foi maior no grupo sem percepção. Houve associação entre a presença de percepção de estresse com o IMC (p= 0,031). 100% dos idosos com baixa funcionalidade apresentaram maior percepção de estresse. O IMC (ß= 0,28; p=0,038) e a circunferência de cintura (ß=0,13; p=0,028) tiveram relação direta com o escore de percepção subjetiva de estresse. Em conclusão, a presença de estresse está associada a altos valores de IMC e CC e menor funcionalidade em idosos.

Stress is a serious public health problem and its severity and susceptibility are related to a number of factors such as age, obesity and functionality. Changes in physical health, mental health, social life, and cognitive ability in aging predispose to stress. Thus, knowing how to manage everyday stress is necessary, especially during old age. The present study aimed to evaluate the perception of stress, presence of obesity, functionality and smoking history in elderly people from an Open University for the Elderly (UniAPI). This is a cross-sectional study. We collected sociodemographic data, applied the questionnaire of perceived stress (EPS-10), anthropometric measurements (body mass index and waist circumference), Brody and Lawton Scale and smoking history of 63 elderly. Comparison between two groups was performed with the t-Student test or the Mann-Whitney test. For categorical variables, Pearson's chi-square test and also, multiple linear regression adjusted for gender and age. Most of the elderly were female (85.7%). Regarding stress, 34% of the elderly showed higher perception of stress. The BMI (∆= 3.57 kg/m²) was higher in the group with higher perception of stress, while the Lawton and Brody scale score (∆= 0.47) was higher in the group with no perception. There was an association between the presence of perceived stress and BMI (p= 0.031). 100% of the elderly with low functionality had higher perceived stress. BMI (ß= 0.28; p=0.038) and waist circumference (ß=0.13; p=0.028) had a direct relationship with the score of subjective perception of stress. In conclusion, the presence of stress is associated with high BMI and WC values and lower functionality in the elderly.

El estrés es un grave problema de salud pública y su gravedad y susceptibilidad están relacionadas con una serie de factores como la edad, la obesidad y la funcionalidad. Los cambios en la salud física, la salud mental, la vida social y la capacidad cognitiva en el envejecimiento predisponen al estrés. Por ello, es necesario saber cómo gestionar el estrés cotidiano, especialmente durante la vejez. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la percepción del estrés, la presencia de obesidad, la funcionalidad y los antecedentes de tabaquismo en ancianos de una Universidad Abierta para Ancianos (UniAPI). Se trata de un estudio transversal. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, se aplicó el cuestionario de estrés percibido (EPS-10), medidas antropométricas (índice de masa corporal y perímetro de cintura), Escala de Brody y Lawton e historia de tabaquismo a 63 ancianos. La comparación entre dos grupos se realizó con la prueba t-Student o la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Para las variables categóricas, se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson y también la regresión lineal múltiple ajustada por sexo y edad. La mayoría de los ancianos eran mujeres (85,7%). En cuanto al estrés, el 34% de los ancianos mostró una mayor percepción de estrés. El IMC (∆= 3,57 kg/m²) fue mayor en el grupo con mayor percepción de estrés, mientras que la puntuación de la escala de Lawton y Brody (∆= 0,47) fue mayor en el grupo sin percepción. Hubo asociación entre la presencia de estrés percibido y el IMC (p= 0,031). El 100% de los ancianos con baja funcionalidad tenían mayor estrés percibido. El IMC (ß= 0,28; p=0,038) y el perímetro de cintura (ß=0,13; p=0,028) tuvieron una relación directa con la puntuación de percepción subjetiva de estrés. En conclusión, la presencia de estrés se asocia a valores elevados de IMC y CC y a una menor funcionalidad en los ancianos.

Relationship between meteorological variables and pneumonia in children in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, Brazil.

This work aims to analyze the relationship between meteorological conditions and the occurrence of hospital admissions for pneumonia in children under 5 years of age in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, Brazil, from 1998 to 2017. To this end, data from hospital admissions obtained from the Unified Health System database (DATASUS) were used and classified into two groups: acute respiratory infections (ARI) and asthma, according to the international classification of diseases, tenth edition (ICD-10). Data regarding meteorological variables were also used: temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and wind speed, at 12Z and 18Z, as well as the Thermal Comfort Index (TCI), Effective Temperature as a function of the wind (ETw) and Windchill (W). From the data obtained, a descriptive analysis of the diseases and a statistical analysis with the analysis of correlation and main components were performed. Results showed that pneumonia (catalogued in the ICD-10 as J12 to J18) was the main cause of hospitalizations in children. The annual, monthly and daily hospitalization frequency distributions showed higher rates of admissions occurring in the months of May to September. The peaks of admissions and high admissions (HA) occurred mainly in the winter months (June, July and August), and in 1998. Meanwhile, the correlation and principal component analysis showed an increase in hospital admissions due to pneumonia related to a decrease in temperature and ETw and W indices (negative anomalies) and an increase in atmospheric pressure and relative humidity (positive anomalies).

Estratificação do risco para ocorrência do pé diabético: associação entre fatores de risco e alterações clínicas / Risk stratification for diabetic foot occurrence: association between risk factors and clinical change

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação dos fatores de risco para ocorrência do pé diabético com a presença de alterações clínicas e o grau estratificação de risco. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado entre agosto de 2018 e abril de 2019 com 284 pacientes acompanhados pela Estratégia Saúde da Família em um município do Estado do Maranhão. A maioria foi classificada com grau 0 (74,1%), seguido do grau 3 (11,9%) para o pé diabético. Aqueles com alimentação inadequada e sedentários tiveram duas vezes mais chances de ter pulso tibial e pedioso alterados, respectivamente. Além disso, os sedentários apresentaram três vezes mais chance de ter sensibilidade ausente. Concluiu-se que os fatores de risco favoreceram a ocorrência de alterações clínicas, assim é importante sua identificação precoce para melhorar o prognóstico e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, pois estão relacionados ao desenvolvimento do pé diabético.

The aim of this study was to assess the association of risk factors for the occurrence of diabetic foot with the presence of clinical changes and the degree of risk stratification. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out between August 2018 and April 2019 with 284 patients monitored by the Family Health Strategy in a municipality in the state of Maranhão. Most were classified as grade 0 (74.1%), followed by grade 3 (11.9%) for diabetic foot. Those with inadequate and sedentary diets were twice as likely to have altered tibial and pediatric pulse, respectively. In addition, sedentary individuals were three times more likely to have absent sensitivity. It was concluded that the risk factors favored the occurrence of clinical changes, so its early identification is important to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients, as they are related to the development of the diabetic foot.

Spectrum of ocular manifestations and visual outcomes of neurosyphilis among 53 patients.

BACKGROUND: In the era of the re-emergence of syphilis, ocular syphilis has gained attention because its prevalence has increased and it can cause blindness and disability. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical presentation and prognosis of ocular syphilis. METHODS: Prospective study on 53 patients (90 eyes) with ocular syphilis diagnosed at the Santa Casa of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The diagnosis was based on clinical manifestations of the disease and on serological markers (positive serum treponemal and non-treponemal tests or two positive treponemal tests). RESULTS: Thirty-five eyes (66%) were from men and the mean age was 45.3 ± 12.0 years. HIV coinfection was confirmed in 10 patients (18.9%). Forty-four (84.9%) had VDRL titers ≥ 1:32. Bilateral ocular involvement occurred in 68%. Optic neuritis was diagnosed in 51.7% of the eyes and uveitis in 48.2%. Regarding visual acuity, the median baseline logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) was 1 (20/200 Snellen), while after antibiotic therapy, the median was 0.2 (20/30 Snellen). Poor visual acuity after treatment, defined as the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; logMAR 1; 20/200 Snellen) or worse, was associated with severe BCVA at presentation (below logMAR 1.3; 20/400 Snellen) (p = 0.001) and age over 50 years (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations of ocular syphilis. The most frequent form was optic neuritis, an important differential diagnosis from other causes of inflammatory neuritis. Early diagnosis is essential, given that this is a treatable condition with excellent visual recovery in most cases.

The ABO blood group locus and a chromosome 3 gene cluster associate with SARS-CoV-2 respiratory failure in an Italian-Spanish genome-wide association analysis

BackgroundRespiratory failure is a key feature of severe Covid-19 and a critical driver of mortality, but for reasons poorly defined affects less than 10% of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. MethodsWe included 1,980 patients with Covid-19 respiratory failure at seven centers in the Italian and Spanish epicenters of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Europe (Milan, Monza, Madrid, San Sebastian and Barcelona) for a genome-wide association analysis. After quality control and exclusion of population outliers, 835 patients and 1,255 population-derived controls from Italy, and 775 patients and 950 controls from Spain were included in the final analysis. In total we analyzed 8,582,968 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and conducted a meta-analysis of both case-control panels. ResultsWe detected cross-replicating associations with rs11385942 at chromosome 3p21.31 and rs657152 at 9q34, which were genome-wide significant (P<5x10-8) in the meta-analysis of both study panels, odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48 to 2.11; P=1.14x10-10 and OR 1.32 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.47; P=4.95x10-8), respectively. Among six genes at 3p21.31, SLC6A20 encodes a known interaction partner with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The association signal at 9q34 was located at the ABO blood group locus and a blood-group-specific analysis showed higher risk for A-positive individuals (OR=1.45, 95% CI, 1.20 to 1.75, P=1.48x10-4) and a protective effect for blood group O (OR=0.65, 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.79, P=1.06x10-5). ConclusionsWe herein report the first robust genetic susceptibility loci for the development of respiratory failure in Covid-19. Identified variants may help guide targeted exploration of severe Covid-19 pathophysiology.

Retrospective clinical and epidemiological analysis of scorpionism at a referral hospital for the treatment of accidents by venomous animals in Alagoas State, Northeast Brazil, 2007-2017.

Scorpionism has a high incidence rate in Brazil. It is considered a serious public health problem mainly in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The number of scorpion accidents have increased over the years and the highest frequencies have been reported mainly in the Brazilian Northeast region. Therefore, in this study we report a retrospective clinical and epidemiological analysis of scorpion stings from 2007 to 2017 in Alagoas State, Northeast Brazil, at a referral hospital for assistance and treatment of accidents by venomous animals. During the analyzed period, the referral hospital treated 27,988 cases, and an increase in the number of cases has taken place over the years. The highest frequency of scorpion stings was observed in females, and the age range most affected was from 20 to 29 years old. The most stung body site was the foot, followed by finger, toe or hand. Regarding the severity, most severe cases were reported in children up to 4 years old (69.4%) and 50% of the total cases treated with serotherapy corresponded to patients in this age range. Interestingly, it was also found that the occurrence of systemic manifestations and the severity of the cases were significantly associated with pediatric patients. In this way, this study highlights the scorpionism as an environmental public health problem in Alagoas State, Northeast Brazil, as well as the need to intensify the epidemiological surveillance and educational campaigns to prevent and control scorpion accidents throughout the year.

Nootkatone Inhibits Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Responses in Mice.

Nootkatone (NTK) is a sesquiterpenoid found in essential oils of many species of Citrus (Rutaceae). Considering previous reports demonstrating that NTK inhibited inflammatory signaling pathways, this study aimed to investigate the effects of this compound in mice models of acute and chronic inflammation. Murine models of paw edema induced by carrageenan, dextran, histamine, and arachidonic acid, as well as carrageenan-induced peritonitis and pleurisy, were used to evaluate the effects of NTK on acute inflammation. A murine model of granuloma induced by cotton pellets was used to access the impact of NTK treatment on chronic inflammation. In the acute inflammation models, NTK demonstrated antiedematogenic effects and inhibited leukocyte recruitment, which was associated with decreased vascular permeability, inhibition of myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin (IL)1-ß, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. In silico analysis suggest that NTZ anti-inflammatory effects may also occur due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity and antagonism of the histamine receptor type 1 (H1). These mechanisms might have contributed to the reduction of granuloma weight and protein concentration in the homogenates, observed in the chronic inflammation model. In conclusion, NTK exerted anti-inflammatory effects that are associated with inhibition of IL1-ß and TNF-α production, possibly due to inhibition of COX-2 activity and antagonism of the H1 receptor. However, further studies are required to characterize the effects of this compound on chronic inflammation.

Isolation of Naegleria spp. from a Brazilian Water Source.

The genus Naegleria, of the free-living amoeba (FLA) group, has been investigated mainly due to its human health impact, resulting in deadly infections and their worldwide distribution on freshwater systems. Naegleria fowleri, colloquially known as the "brain-eating amoeba," is the most studied Naegleria species because it causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) of high lethality. The assessment of FLA biodiversity is fundamental to evaluate the presence of pathogenic species and the possibility of human contamination. However, the knowledge of FLA distribution in Brazil is unknown, and to rectify this situation, we present research on identifying Naegleria spp. in the Monjolinho River as a model study. The river is a public Brazilian freshwater source that crosses the city of São Carlos, in São Paulo state, Brazil. Five distinct sampling sites were examined through limnological features, trophozoites culturing, and PCR against internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and 5.8S rRNA sequences. The results identified N. philippinensis, N. canariensisi, N. australiensis, N. gruberi, N. dobsoni sequences, as well as a Hartmannella sequence. The methodology delineated here represents the first Brazilian Naegleria spp. study on a freshwater system. Our results stress the urgency of a large scale evaluation of the presence of free-living amoebas in Brazil.

Exposição ocupacional a fluidos biológicos em acidentes com perfurocortantes na equipe de enfermagem hospitalar / Occupational exposure to biological fluids in accidents with profiling on the hospital nursing team

Objetivo: Determinar a ocorrência de exposição ocupacional a fluidos biológicos em acidentes com perfurocortantes na equipe de enfermagem hospitalar. Métodos: Avaliou-se 747 profissionais, com base em questionários para acidentes de trabalho, mediante entrevista. Resultados: Dos 747 entrevistados, 53,9% sofreram acidentes com perfurocortantes. O risco aumentado de sofrer acidentes relacionou-se com o sexo feminino, horário diurno de trabalho e profissões técnico e auxiliar de enfermagem. Grande parte dos acidentes ocorreu por reencape de agulhas e descarte inadequado dos materiais, por falta de atenção. Mais de um terço dos acidentados não comunicou o acidente. Conclusão: Os profissionais estudados mantêm posturas de risco que devem ser combatidas com políticas de educação em saúde, reforçando a importância da comunicação das ocorrências.

Objective: To determine the occurrence of occupational exposure to biological fluids in sharps injuries in the hospital nursing team. Methods: A total of 747 professionals were interviewed, based on questionnaires for work accidents. Results: Of the 747 interviewees, 53.9% suffered accidents by sharp instruments. The increased risk of accidents was related to the female sex, daytime work hours and nursing technician and assistant professions. A large part of the accidents occurred due to needle recapping and inadequate disposal of materials, due to lack of attention. More than a third of the victims did not report the accident. Conclusion: The studied professionals have attitudes of risk that must be tackled with policies of health education, reinforcing the importance of the communication of occurrences.

Objetivo: Exposición ocupacional a fluidos biológicos en accidentes con punzocortantes en el equipo de enfermería hospitalaria. Métodos: Se evaluaron 747 profesionales, con base en cuestionarios para accidentes de trabajo, mediante entrevista. Resultados: De los 747 entrevistados, 53,9% sufrieron accidentes con punzocortantes. El riesgo aumentado de sufrir accidentes se relacionó con el sexo femenino, horario diurno de trabajo y profesiones técnicas y auxiliares de enfermería. Gran parte de los accidentes ocurrió por reencape de agujas y descarte inadecuado de los materiales, por falta de atención. Más de un tercio de los accidentes no comunicó el accidente. Conclusión: Los profesionales estudiados mantienen posturas de riesgo que deben ser combatidas con políticas de educación en salud, reforzando la importancia de la comunicación de las ocurrencias.

A new diploid species belonging to the Odontophrynus americanus species group (Anura: Odontophrynidae) from the Espinhaço range, Brazil.

The Odontophrynus americanus species group is a complex of diploid and tetraploid species hardly distinguished by morphological characters. It currently consists of three allopatric diploid species (i.e. O. cordobae, O. lavillai, and O. maisuma) and one widely distributed tetraploid species (i.e. O. americanus). We herein describe a new diploid allopatric species from campo rupestre, a typical phytophysiognomy of the Espinhaço Range, Brazil. The new species is distinguishable by the diploid complement of 2n = 2x = 22 chromosomes, small to medium-sized dorsal dark brown blotches with low contrast on a light brown background, light mid-dorsal stripe absent or greatly interrupted in most specimens with yellowish coloration as the background of both head and flanks of the body, advertisement call with dominant frequency of 840-1080 Hz, pulse rate of 90.5-106.7 pulses/s, and small tadpoles (TL = 24.30-35.69 mm).

VALORES DE REMUNERAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DE TRÊS PLANOS ODONTOLÓGICOS DA CIDADE DE MACEIÓ-AL EM RELAÇÃO À TABELA DO CFO / Professional values remuneration of three dental plans of the Maceió-AL city in relation to the CFO table

Objetivo: Verificar se os valores pagos por operadoras de planos odontológicos na cidade de Maceió (AL), aos profissionais credenciados, estão condizentes com os preconizados pelo Conselho Federal de Odontologia (CFO) em sua tabela de Valores de Referência para Procedimentos Odontológicos (VRPO). Materiais e Métodos: Utilizaram-se três tabelas de honorários profissionais, de procedimentos de dentística, de planos odontológicos na cidade de Maceió (AL). Como grupo de controle para comparação dos valores discriminados nas tabelas dos planos, adotou-se a tabela VRPO do CFO. Foram analisados comparativamente os valores dos procedimentos pagos pelos planos de acordo com os materiais restauradores (amálgama, resina e ionômero) e de outros (clareamento dentário, restauração temporária/tratamento expectante), sendo calculado o valor percentual de acréscimo ou defasagem em relação à VRPO. Resultados: Os maiores descontos aplicados sobre os preços sugeridos pelo CFO foram observados para procedimentos restauradores de resina fotopolimerizável (81 a 87%, em média). Conclusão: A remuneração oferecida pelos três planos odontológicos na cidade de Maceió (AL), nos procedimentos que constam da especialidade de dentística restauradora, está aquém dos valores definidos na tabela VRPO-CFO.

Objective: To determine whether the amounts paid for dental care plan operators from Maceió, the accredited professionals are consistent with those recommended by the Federal Council of Dentistry (CFO) in his table of reference values for Dental Procedures (VRPO). Materials and Methods: three tables of professional fees, dentistry procedures, dental care plans from Maceió (AL). As a control group for comparison of the amounts shown in the tables of the plans it has used the VRPO table. In this work, were analyzed the comparative values of procedures paid by the plans according to the restorative materials (amalgam, resin and ionomer) and others (tooth whitening, temporary restoration / expectant treatment); calculating the percentage difference to the VRPO. Results: The highest discounts applied on prices suggested by the CFO were observed for light-cured resin restorative procedures (81-87% on average). Conclusion: The remuneration offered by the three dental plans of the city of Maceio (AL), involving the specialty of restorative dentistry, it is less than the values defined in Table VRPO-CFO.

Novedades en el cáncer colorrectal hereditario / New advances in hereditary colorectal cancer

El cáncer colorrectal es la neoplasia más frecuente en ambos sexos en España. Entre el 20-25% de los casos presentan historia familiar de dicho tumor y un 5-6% se presentan en el contexto de una mutación germinal, es decir, en el contexto de un síndrome hereditario. La importancia de identificar a los pacientes con síndromes hereditarios que predisponen a cáncer colorrectal radica en la posibilidad de poder aplicar medidas preventivas, de cribado y un manejo más adecuado tanto para ellos como para sus familiares. A continuación se detallan los estudios más relevantes sobre el cáncer colorrectal hereditario que fueron presentados este año en el congreso de la American Gastroenterological Association

Colorectal cancer is the most frequent malignancy in both sexes in Spain. Between 20% and 25% of affected individuals have a family history of the disease, and 5% to 6% have a germ mutation, i.e. the disease develops in the context of a hereditary syndrome. The importance of identifying patients with hereditary syndromes predisposing them to colorectal cancer lies in the possibility of applying preventive measures, screening, and more appropriate management of both patients and their families. The present article outlines the most important studies presented at the congress of the American Gastroenterological Association

"Alô, Doutor!": estudo-piloto de intervenção radiofônica de Educação em Saúde desenvolvida em uma área rural de Minas Gerais / "Hello, Doctor!": pilot study of radio intervention in Health Education developed in a rural area of Minas Gerais state, Brazil

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os efeitos de um Programa de Educação em Saúde desenvolvido por graduandos de medicina, com o emprego do rádio sobre a construção de conhecimentos por parte dos ouvintes residentes em um município do interior de Minas Gerais. Trata-se de estudo intervencional, com delineamento longitudinal e abordagem quantitativa, realizado na cidade de Gouveia, situada na região centro-sul do Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Verificou-se que os participantes do estudo conhecem vários aspectos sobre dengue, parasitoses, DST/HIV/Aids, bem como sobre os efeitos do uso do álcool e do tabaco. Denotou-se, igualmente, que o programa de rádio desempenhou papel importante nas aprendizagens relacionadas aos agravos abordados, expandindo significativamente o percentual de acertos das questões expostas. As considerações elucidadas apontam que a utilização de estratégias educativas legitimadas no cenário vivencial da população e pautadas em uma relação dialógica é essencial para a reconstrução de saberes fundamentada nos conhecimentos prévios dos educandos.

The study aimed to analyze the effects of a Health Education Program developed by undergraduate students of medicine, with the use of radio on the construction of knowledge on the part of listeners from a municipality in Minas Gerais state. It is interventional study, with longitudinal and quantitative approach, performed in the city of Gouveia, located in the central-southern Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It was found that the study participants know various aspects of dengue fever, parasites, STD / HIV / AIDS, as well as on the effects of alcohol and tobacco. Also, radio played an important role in learning related to grievances addressed, significantly expanding the percentage of correct questions posed. The considerations indicate that the use of educational strategies legitimized in experiential scenario population and guided in a dialogic relationship is essential for the reconstruction of knowledge based on previous knowledge of the students.

Microscópio operatório na Endodontia: magnificação visual e luminosidade / Operating microscope in Endodontics: visual magnification and luminosity

Introdução: O microscópio operatório vem sendo utilizado na Endodontia com o intuito de minimizar a obscuridade do campo operatório, pois proporciona alta magnificação e luminosidade, favorecendo os procedimentos realizados e proporcionando um resultado de maior qualidade. Objetivo e revisão de literatura: O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar a literatura discorrendo sobre a situação atual da microscopia operatória na Endodontia, com ênfase em suas vantagens e limitações. Apesar de ser um instrumento tecnológico de custo relativamente elevado e necessitar de um período de aprendizagem e adaptação, o uso desse aparato tem se difundido gradativamente. Conclusão: A importância da magnificação está embasada cientificamente na Odontologia, de tal forma que o seu uso proporcionou à Endodontia uma melhora significativa na visão e na iluminação do campo operatório, oferecendo trabalhos de melhor qualidade com proporcionais índices de sucesso nos tratamentos, além de melhorar a comunicação entre profissionais e entre profissionais e pacientes e auxiliar na documentação legal para fins jurídicos.

Introduction: The surgical microscope has been used in Endodontics in order to minimize the obscurity of the surgical , because it provides a high magnification and luminosity, thereby enhancing the procedures performed and providing a final result of higher quality. Objective and literature review: The objective of this study was to review the literature by addressing the current situation of the operating microscope in Endodontics, emphasizing its advantages and limitations. Despite being a technological tool that is relatively costly and that requires a period of learning and adaptation, the use of this apparatus has been spreading gradually. Conclusion: The importance of magnification is scientifically based in Dentistry, in such a way that its use has provided significant improvement to Endodontics with regards to vision and lighting of the operative , by offering better quality of work with proportional success rates in treatments, besides improving communication between professionals and patients and assisting in the documentation for legal purposes.

Estudo comparativo da pressão arterial sistêmica aferida por três métodos distintos não-invasivos / Comparative study of arterial blood pressure using threedifferent non-invasive methods

Introdução: a hipertensão arterial sistêmica apresenta alta prevalência em praticamente todos os países do mundo, sendo considerada dos principais fatores de risco paramorbimortalidade cardiovascular. A aferição precisa da pressão arterial é procedimento fundamental na avaliação semiológica do sistema cardiovascular, permitindo estabelecer condutas terapêuticas individualizadas. A reprodutibilidade dos valores de pressão arterial aferidos por diferentes métodos, entretanto, permanece controversa. Objetivo: verificar a confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade de três métodos distintos de aferiçãoo da pressão arterial empregados na rotina clínica habitual e compará-los entresi. Métodos: trata-se de estudo comparativo das medidas de pressão arterial sistêmica de 115 pessoas residentes em Belo Horizonte. Foram realizadas múltiplas aferições da pressão arterial sistêmica por meio de aparelhos distintos: digital (Omron 705-CP), esfigmomanômetro aneroide (Welch-Allyn) e esfigmomanômetro de coluna de mercúrio. Resultados: as médias da pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica medidas pelo esfigmomanômetro de coluna de mercúrio foram significativamente mais altas que as obtidas pelos aparelhos aneroide e digital (p<0,05). Os três aparelhos apresentaram correlação positiva aceitável, sendo a maior semelhança obtida entre as medidas obtidas pelos aparelhos digital e aneroide e entre os esfigmomanômetros de coluna de mercúrio e aneroide. Conclusões: ambos os métodos, auscultatório e oscilométrico, apresentamconcordância satisfatória entre si. Observam-se, entretanto, diferenças significativas nos valores de pressão arterial aferidos pelos diferentes métodos. Dessa maneira, essesequipamentos podem levar a diagnósticos distintos de hipertensão arterial sistêmica,culminando em diferentes condutas. Sugere-se, então, que os pacientes tenham suapressão arterial sistêmica aferida sempre com o mesmo aparelho/método, visando à redução dessa variabilidade.

Introduction: systemic blood arterial hypertension presents high prevalence in practically all over the world and is considered one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular morbi-mortality. The blood pressure precise measurement is a basic procedure in the cardiovascular system semiologic evaluation, allowing setting individual therapeutic conducts. The reproducibility of the arterial pressure values measured through different methods, however, remains controversial. Objective: to verify the reliability and reproducibility of three different methods applied in the clinic routine and compare them to each other. Methods: the comparative study of the systemic arterial blood pressure measurements of 115 individuals living in Belo Horizonte.Multiple measurements of the systemic arterial blood pressure were carried out by different devices: digital (Omron 705-CP), aneroid sphygmomanometer(Welch-Allyn) and mercury column sphygmomanometer. Results: the medians of systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure measured by the mercury column sphygmomanometer were significantly higher than those obtained by the aneroid and digital devices (p<0,05). The three devices presented positive acceptable co-relation, with the highest similarity obtained between the measures by the digital and aneroid devices and between the mercury and aneroid sphygmomanometers.Conclusion: both methods, auscultatory and oscillometric, are satisfactorily concordant to each other. However, it was noted significant differences in the arterial pressure values measured by different behaviors. Thus, it is suggested that the patients have their systemic arterial pressure measured always with the same device/method, aiming at the reduction in this variability.