ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We aim to investigate the relationship between bone mass in a sample of Brazilian individuals with DS and handgrip strength, body mass index (BMI) and physical exercise. METHODS: Dual-energy X-ray emission densitometry analysis of bone mass in 26 individuals with DS (8 men and 18 women with a mean age of 30.7 ± 10.3 years) was conducted. Additionally, weight and height were measured to determine BMI, palmar grip strength was measured using a Jammar dynamometer®, and physical activity was classified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). RESULTS: In this sample, 2/15 (13.3%) individuals with age between 18 to 29 years had low BMD in the spine; 2/8 (25%) of those with age between 30 and 39 years also had low BMD in the spine and 2/3 (66.6%) with age ≥40 had low BMD in the femur. There were significant correlations between palmar grip strength and Z femoral neck score in women (P = 0.02) and between BMI and Z femoral neck score in men (P = 0.04). All other correlations lacked statistical significance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Brazilian patients with DS showed a high prevalence of low bone mass. Traditional factors such as muscle strength, BMI and physical activity appear to have little effect on bone mineral density in this population.
Subject(s)
Bone Density , Down Syndrome , Male , Humans , Adult , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Bone Density/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hand Strength , Brazil/epidemiologyABSTRACT
El objetivo fue verificar la composición corporal de escolares agresores y víctimas de bullying. Participaron en el estudio 184 alumnos de sexo masculino con media etaria de 12,77 años pertenecientes a una escuela de enseñanza pública de la ciudad de Florianópolis, Brasil. Fueron utilizados el Cuestionario para el Estudio de Violencia entre Pares, un examen socio-métrico, observación y el somatotipo. El análisis estadístico fue realizado a través del programa SPSS versión 14.0, con nivel de significancia fijado en p<0,05. La incidencia de alumnos partícipes en bullying fue 28,3 por ciento, donde 14,1 por ciento, 4,3 por ciento y 9,8 por ciento eran víctimas, agresores/víctimas y agresores, respectivamente. En relación a la clasificación del somatotipo, las víctimas obtuvieron clasificación endomórfica mesomorfo; los agresores/víctimas como mesomorfo equilibrado; y los agresores como endomórfico mesomorfo. Se encontraron evidencias, en términos antropométricos, de que los alumnos agresores presentaron mayores índices de IMC con predominio de masa corporal magra.
The study objective was to verify the school corporal composition of bullying victims and aggressors. A total of 184 boys with an average age of 12.77 years from a public school in the city of Florianópolis took part in this study. We used the Questionnaire for the Study of the Violence among Equal, a sociometric exam, observation and the somatotype. The statistical analysis was accomplished through the program SPSS, version 14.0, with significance level of p<0.05. The incidence was 28.3 percent of students involved in bullying, being 14.1, 4.3 and 9.8 percent were victims, aggressors/victims and aggressors, respectively. In relation to classification of the somatotype the victims obtained classification as endomorphic/mesomorphic; the aggressors/victims as balanced mesomorphic; and the aggressors as endomorphic/mesomorphic. We found evidences in anthropometric terms that the aggressor boys present larger indexes of IMC with prevalence of thin corporal mass.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Child , Body Composition , Bullying , Physical Education and Training , Somatotypes , Aggression , Surveys and QuestionnairesSubject(s)
Abdominal Injuries/etiology , Accidents, Home , Glass , Household Articles , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Viscera/injuriesABSTRACT
Colonic necrosis secondary to hypotension and shock in previously healthy, young patients is a rare occurrence with only ten cases reported in the literature. In all but one instance the necrosis was limited to the right colon. Three additional cases of transmural necrosis involving both the right and left colon following a documented episode of shock are reported. Two cases were related to hemorrhagic shock following trauma and the third case followed a drug overdose with associated hypotension. An episode of hypotension was the common denominator in all cases previously reported. The lowest mean blood pressure in the present series was 35 mmHg. A diagnosis of subtotal colonic infarction was made at laparotomy in these three patients two to nine days after the initial hypotensive episode. Pathologic examination of the excised colon revealed transmural necrosis in all three cases with no evidence of a thrombotic or embolic process accounting for the colonic necrosis. The etiology was felt to be a low flow state within the splanchnic circulation. The data suggests that patients who present with a history of prolonged hypotension and shock are at risk for the development of colonic infarction. Successful management involves early diagnosis and resection of the infarcted colon.
