ABSTRACT
To increase the sensitivity and specificity of detecting high-pathogenic avian influenza variant (HSN1), laboratory studies were conducted at low virus concentrations in water samples, by using magnetic immunosorbent (MIS) test systems and selective avian influenza virus concentrating units. MIS-based selective virus concentrating, followed by rapid assays (ELIZA and RT-PCR), detect the low concentrations (as low as 10 nm in 5,000 ml of water) of avian influenza A/H5N1 antigen and RNA. The method developed opens new avenues for indication of an avian influenza pathogen in different environmental objects, including the water of surface water reservoirs of unlimited volume, with varying pollutions and low virus concentrations.
Subject(s)
Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/isolation & purification , Specimen Handling/methods , Animals , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunosorbents , Magnetics , Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Poultry Diseases/virology , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sensitivity and Specificity , Water MicrobiologyABSTRACT
The problem in question is actual because of great incidence of postoperative complications and considerable problems with treatment of them. The authors made an analysis of surgical treatment of 506 patients with primary cancer and carcinoid tumors of the lung. The authors have developed a system of individual prognosis of risk of the development of bronchopleural fistulas (BPF), introduced an original technique of bronchomyoplasty with the help of m.serratus anterior and m.lattissimus dorsi. It resulted in 1.2% less frequency of the development of BPF. Current methods and highly informative techniques were used in examining the patients. The total number of the examined patients, program and research methods allowed reliable conclusions to be obtained.
Subject(s)
Bronchial Fistula , Pleural Diseases , Pneumonectomy/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Bronchi/surgery , Bronchial Fistula/etiology , Bronchial Fistula/prevention & control , Bronchial Fistula/surgery , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle, Skeletal/transplantation , Pleural Diseases/etiology , Pleural Diseases/prevention & control , Pleural Diseases/surgery , Pneumonectomy/methods , Prognosis , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Suture Techniques/adverse effects , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The dynamics of morphological changes occurring in the bronchial stump depending on the extent of mediastinal lymph dissection, preoperative chemotherapy and the stump cover method are discussed. Stump healing after right-side pneumonectomy was assessed in 32 non-inbred dogs. Typical procedure was tested in group 1 while complete systematic mediastinal lymph dissection (CSMLD)--in groups 2-4. In groups 3-4, pneumonectomy was performed after two courses of chemotherapy (cisplatin 80 mg/m2 per day + etoposide 120 mg/m2, days 1,3,5). In groups 1-3, the stump was covered with a parietal strap; in group 4, a m. latissimus dorsi strap was fixed on a vascular "pedicle". Experiment was suspended on days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30. One animal in group 2 died of ischemic necrosis of the esophagus terminating in mediastinitis. None of the animals developed bronchial fistula. Angiography detected reduced blood flow in the right-side third of the trachea and medial surface of the left main bronchus in the CSMLD groups. Microscopically, all the groups revealed a similar pattern of stump healing. CSMLD did not influence bronchial stump regeneration significantly. Nor was it hampered in any way by preoperative chemotherapy. The latter was followed by expansion of necrotic and edematous area thus slightly affecting regeneration. Primary bronchoplasty failed to speed up regeneration, yet it might diminish the risk of bronchial fistula.
