ABSTRACT
Current technologies, including nanotechnologies, cannot be introduced, without applying laser equipment. For provision of the safety in the manufacture and use of up-to-date laser equipment that is characterized by new, previously unused wavelengths and exposure levels, it is necessary to develop the hygienic regulation of the arrangement and maintenance of lasers, to improve approaches to making their sanitary-and-epidemiological examination and manufacturing inspection, to design measuring instruments that permit an objective assessment of new types of laser exposures, and to develop the current means for protecting the organ of vision in service personnel.
Subject(s)
Equipment Safety , Lasers , Nanotechnology , Humans , Lasers/adverse effects , Occupational HealthABSTRACT
The authors consider topics connected with improvement of hygienic regulation of laser radiation, define most important problems associated with safety of modern laser medical devices.
Subject(s)
Equipment Safety , Laser Therapy/instrumentation , Lasers/standards , Radiation Protection/standards , Humans , Radiation Injuries/prevention & control , RussiaABSTRACT
Welders-assemblers of the Quant-type laser devices are exposed to bright light flashes of plasma and laser exceeding in certain measurements the maximal allowed level. Such hazards induce disorders in eyes, autonomic nervous, circulatory and immune systems of workers. Impaired humoral immunity can lead to increased incidence of acute respiratory tract diseases. Prophylactic measures, including laser and flash shielding screens and drug therapy were suggested.
Subject(s)
Health Status , Lasers , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Health , Radiation Injuries/prevention & control , Radiation Protection , Welding , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Maximum Allowable Concentration , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/immunology , Radiation Injuries/etiology , Radiation Injuries/immunologyABSTRACT
Exploitation of laser devices exposes the workers to reflected low-intensity radiation and concomitant physical and chemical factors. Clinical and experimental studies revealed the structural and functional disorders in the organs and body systems exposed to long and constant action of the stated factors, which let the changes be considered as a criterion of the harmful action and serve to base the maximal allowable conditions and assure the safe work conditions when handling laser devices. Harmful and dangerous factors produced by laser device and used materials necessitate the creation of laser equipment of different types and purposes, that will be safe for the personnel handling it.
Subject(s)
Lasers/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Eye/radiation effects , Humans , Laser Therapy/adverse effects , Laser Therapy/instrumentation , Laser Therapy/standards , Lasers/standards , Occupational Exposure/standards , Safety , USSR , Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effectsABSTRACT
The study revealed that the levels of lazer irradiation diffusion in working places, in case with the "Biryuza" technological equipment, were lower MAC. The other occupational factors, violating the accepted hygienic norms, were connected with improper hygienic control measures at the stage of equipment processing and usage. A set of labour conditions improvement measures was proposed.
