ABSTRACT
Curcumin is a natural substance known for ages, exhibiting a multidirectional effect in cancer prevention and adjuvant cancer therapies. The great advantage of using nutraceuticals of vegetable origin in comparison to popular cytostatic drugs is the minimized side effect and reduced toxicity. The targets in oncological therapy are, among others, tyrosine kinases, important mediators of signaling pathways whose impaired expression is observed in many types of cancer. Unfortunately, the hydrophobic nature of the curcumin molecule often limits its bioavailability, which is why many studies focus on the chemical modification of this compound. Current research is aimed at modifying structures that improve the pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin, e.g. the formation of nanoparticles, complexes with metals or the synthesis of curcumin derivatives with functional substituents that allow tumor targeting. The article is a review and analysis of current literature on the properties of curcumin and its derivatives in the treatment of cancers directed to signaling pathways of tyrosine kinases and confronts the problem of low assimilation of curcumin with potential therapeutic effects.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Curcumin/pharmacology , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Curcumin/chemistry , Curcumin/isolation & purification , Humans , Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasms/pathology , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/isolation & purification , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolismABSTRACT
This paper reviews the results of the intense experimental and theoretical studies on the influence of selected metals on the electronic system of biologically important molecules such as benzoic, 2-hydroxybenzoic and 3-pyridine carboxylic acids as well as 5-carboxyuracil. The research involved following techniques: infrared (FT-IR), Raman (FT-Raman), FT-IR Ar matrix, electronic absorption spectroscopy (UV/visible), nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H, (13)C, (15)N, (17)O NMR), X-ray and quantum mechanical calculations. The influence of metals on the electronic system was examined through comparison of the changes in so called "logical series". The exemplary series are: Li-->Na-->K-->Rb-->Cs, Na(I)-->Ca(II)-->La(III)-->Th(IV); Na(I)-->Mg(II)-->Al(III) or long series of La(III) and fourteen lanthanides La(III)-->Ce(III)-->Lu(III). The correlation between the perturbation of the electronic system of ligands and the position of metals in the periodic table was found. The influence of the carboxylic anion structure and the effect of hydration on the perturbation of the electronic system of molecule were also discussed. The partial explanation in what way metals disturb and stabilize electronic system of studied ligands was done. It is necessary to carry out the physico-chemical studies of benzoates, salicylates, 3-pyridine carboxylates and isoorotates in order to understand the nature of the interactions of these compounds with their biological targets (e.g., receptors in the cell or important cell components). The results of this study make possible to predict some properties of a molecule, such as its reactivity, durability of complex compounds, and kinship to enzymes.
Subject(s)
Benzoates/chemistry , Metals/chemistry , Niacin/chemistry , Orotic Acid/chemistry , Salicylates/chemistry , Crystallography, X-Ray , Electrons , Ligands , Models, Molecular , Molecular Structure , Niacin/analogs & derivatives , Orotic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Spectrum AnalysisABSTRACT
A description of rare condition in children, dysplasia epiphysealis capitis femoris, known in the literature as Meyers dysplasia is presented. Radiographic appearance resembles well known Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Clinical follow-up of 6 cases, documented radiographically proves incidence of this condition. The management and differential diagnosis is offered.
