[Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Coronel Suárez, Argentina]. / Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes internados con COVID-19 en Coronel Suárez, Argentina.

To contribute to the study of the disease, data were recorded from all hospitalized patients in the Clinical Medicine room of Hospital Municipal Dr. Raúl Caccavo, Coronel Suárez, Buenos Aires province, diagnosed with COVID-19 in the first year of the pandemia (March 2020 to March 2021), the only health institution where patients were hospitalized in our city. A descriptive and retrospective transversal cut study was carried out with 178 patients (average age: 61 years old, range: 9 months -96 years), 90% of them hospitalized for a respiratory cause. The most prevalent co-morbilities were arterial hypertension (40%), diabetes (17%), obesity (16%), cardiovascular pathology (8%), COPD (8%), and cancer (5%). The average number of hospitalization days was 10. Out of the 178 COVID-19 diagnosed patients, 154 (86%) presented pneumonia and 14% required intensive care. Of the patients in the ICU, 94% needed MVA and 46% died. The overall number of deceased patients was 15%. The general lethality in the city of Coronel Suárez until 03/31/2021 was 0.9%. All patients hospitalized for respiratory causes were subjected to a thorax tomography, and 69% of them presented bilateral infiltration in ground glass. The laboratory tests revealed leucopenia in 15% of the patients and thrombocytopenia in 3% of them. These data could be an input for the development of COVID-19 clinical prediction models, although more evidence will be needed for that end.

Se registraron datos de los 178 pacientes internados en la sala de Clínica Médica del Hospital Municipal Dr. Raúl Caccavo de Coronel Suárez, diagnosticados con COVID-19 en el primer año de pandemia, de marzo 2020 a marzo 2021, único efector de salud donde se hospitalizan los pacientes en nuestra ciudad. Se describe su perfil clínico-epidemiológico. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. El promedio de edad fue de 61 años (rango:9 meses-96 años). El 90% de los internados fue por causa respiratoria y el 57% fueron mujeres. Las comorbilidades más prevalentes fueron: hipertensión arterial 40%, diabetes 17%, obesidad 16%, enfermedad cardiovascular 8%, EPOC 8%, cáncer 5%. El promedio de internación fue de 10 días. De los internados, 154 presentaron neumonía (86%). Requirió UTI el 14% y de ellos el 94% necesitó ventilación mecánica, fallecieron 26 (15%), pero de aquellos internados en UTI, falleció el 46%. La letalidad general en Coronel Suárez hasta el 31/03/2021 fue de 0.9%. Se realizó tomografía de tórax a todos los internados por causa respiratoria, el 69% presentó infiltrado bilateral en vidrio esmerilado. En los resultados de laboratorio, se observó leucopenia en el 15% de ellos y plaquetopenia en el 3%. Estos datos podrían ser elementos para el desarrollo de modelos clínicos de predicción de COVID-19, aunque se necesitará más evidencia para tal fin.

Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes internados con COVID-19 en Coronel Suárez, Argentina / Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Coronel Suárez, Argentina

Resumen Se registraron datos de los 178 pacientes internados en la sala de Clínica Médica del Hospital Municipal Dr. Raúl Caccavo de Coronel Suárez, diagnosticados con COVID-19 en el primer año de pandemia, de marzo 2020 a marzo 2021, único efector de salud donde se hospitalizan los pacientes en nuestra ciudad. Se describe su perfil clínico-epidemiológico. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. El promedio de edad fue de 61 años (rango:9 meses-96 años). El 90% de los internados fue por causa respiratoria y el 57% fueron mujeres. Las comorbilidades más prevalentes fueron: hipertensión arterial 40%, diabetes 17%, obesidad 16%, enfermedad cardiovascular 8%, EPOC 8%, cáncer 5%. El promedio de internación fue de 10 días. De los internados, 154 presentaron neumonía (86%). Requirió UTI el 14% y de ellos el 94% necesitó ventilación mecánica, fallecieron 26 (15%), pero de aquellos internados en UTI, falleció el 46%. La letalidad general en Coronel Suárez hasta el 31/03/2021 fue de 0.9%. Se realizó tomografía de tórax a todos los internados por causa respiratoria, el 69% presentó infiltrado bilateral en vidrio esmerilado. En los resultados de laboratorio, se observó leucopenia en el 15% de ellos y plaquetopenia en el 3%. Estos datos podrían ser elementos para el desarrollo de modelos clínicos de predicción de COVID-19, aunque se necesitará más evidencia para tal fin.

Abstract To contribute to the study of the disease, data were recorded from all hospitalized patients in the Clinical Medicine room of Hospital Municipal Dr. Raúl Caccavo, Coronel Suárez, Buenos Aires province, diagnosed with COVID-19 in the first year of the pandemia (March 2020 to March 2021), the only health institution where patients were hospitalized in our city. A descriptive and retrospective transversal cut study was carried out with 178 patients (average age: 61 years old, range: 9 months -96 years), 90% of them hospitalized for a respiratory cause. The most prevalent co-morbilities were arterial hypertension (40%), diabetes (17%), obesity (16%), cardiovascular pathology (8%), COPD (8%), and cancer (5%). The average number of hospitalization days was 10. Out of the 178 COVID-19 diagnosed patients, 154 (86%) presented pneumonia and 14% required intensive care. Of the patients in the ICU, 94% needed MVA and 46% died. The overall number of deceased patients was 15%. The general lethality in the city of Coronel Suárez until 03/31/2021 was 0.9%. All patients hospitalized for respiratory causes were subjected to a thorax tomography, and 69% of them presented bilateral infiltration in ground glass. The laboratory tests revealed leucopenia in 15% of the patients and thrombocytopenia in 3% of them. These data could be an input for the development of COVID-19 clinical prediction models, although more evidence will be needed for that end.

Comportamiento plasmático y clínico del ácido láctico en el trasplante cardíaco / Plasmatic pattern and clinical outcomes of lactic acid in heart transplantation

Resumen Introducción Hay controversia en relación con el ácido láctico luego del trasplante cardíaco. Objetivo Evaluar el patrón plasmático del ácido láctico y su valor pronóstico luego del trasplante cardíaco. Métodos Entre el 2011 y el 2014 se incluyeron 127 pacientes luego de cirugía cardíaca, 71 pertenecieron al grupo trasplante y 56 al grupo "control", conformado por pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revascularización miocárdica. Se compararon los niveles de ácido láctico antes de la cirugía, al ingreso en la Unidad Coronaria, y a las 6, 12 y 24 h en los 2 grupos. Dentro del grupo trasplante se realizó un análisis uni y bivariado entre niveles de ácido láctico y mortalidad hospitalaria. Resultados La media de edad fue de 57 años. Los niveles de ácido láctico fueron significativamente mayores durante y luego de la cirugía cardíaca en los pacientes del grupo trasplante respecto a los pacientes del grupo control (p<0.001), pero no existieron diferencias significativas en los valores antes de la cirugía (p=0.143; comparaciones no ajustadas). En los trasplantados, los niveles de ácido láctico se asociaron de forma significativa a una mayor mortalidad durante la cirugía, al ingreso, y a las 6, 12 y 24 h. El ácido láctico al ingreso fue un predictor de muerte ajustado por volumen minuto postoperatorio (p=0.011), uso de ≥ 2 inotrópicos (p=0.033), glucemia al ingreso (p=0.004), edad ≥ 60 años (p=0.015), tiempo de bomba (p=0.027) y pH (p=0.017). Conclusiones Los niveles de ácido láctico fueron mayores en los trasplantados y se asociaron a una mayor mortalidad hospitalaria.

Abstract Introduction It is not well established the prognostic value of elevated lactic acid after heart transplantation. Objective To evaluate the plasmatic pattern and the prognostic value of elevated lactate after heart transplantation. Methods One-hundred and twenty seven patients were included between 2011 and 2014, 71 comprising the transplantation group and 56 the control group, represented by on pump coronary artery by-pass surgery patients. Lactic acid levels were compared between groups before, within and after surgery upon Coronary Care Unit admission, at 6, 12 and 24 h. In addition, in the transplantation group univariate and bivariate analysis were performed between lactic acid levels and in-hospital mortality. Results The mean age of the entire cohort was 57 years. Among transplanted patients, lactic acid levels were significantly higher over control group: within the surgery; and after surgery (P<.001), but not before surgery (P=.143; unadjusted comparisons). In transplanted patients, lactic acid levels were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality during surgery, at admission, and thereafter but not before surgery. Lactic acid at admission was associated with in-hospital mortality after adjustment of postoperative cardiac output (P=.011), ≥ 2 inotropic drug support within 24 h (P=.033), glycemic level at admission (P=.004), age ≥ 60 years (P=.015), on pump time (P=.027), and pH (P=.017). Conclusions Acid lactic levels were higher in transplanted patients than in the control group and was associated to higher in-hospital mortality.

[Plasmatic pattern and clinical outcomes of lactic acid in heart transplantation]. / Comportamiento plasmático y clínico del ácido láctico en el trasplante cardíaco.

INTRODUCTION: It is not well established the prognostic value of elevated lactic acid after heart transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the plasmatic pattern and the prognostic value of elevated lactate after heart transplantation. METHODS: One-hundred and twenty seven patients were included between 2011 and 2014, 71 comprising the transplantation group and 56 the control group, represented by on pump coronary artery by-pass surgery patients. Lactic acid levels were compared between groups before, within and after surgery upon Coronary Care Unit admission, at 6, 12 and 24h. In addition, in the transplantation group univariate and bivariate analysis were performed between lactic acid levels and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: The mean age of the entire cohort was 57 years. Among transplanted patients, lactic acid levels were significantly higher over control group: within the surgery; and after surgery (P<.001), but not before surgery (P=.143; unadjusted comparisons). In transplanted patients, lactic acid levels were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality during surgery, at admission, and thereafter but not before surgery. Lactic acid at admission was associated with in-hospital mortality after adjustment of postoperative cardiac output (P=.011),≥2 inotropic drug support within 24h (P=.033), glycemic level at admission (P=.004), age≥60 years (P=.015), on pump time (P=.027), and pH (P=.017). CONCLUSIONS: Acid lactic levels were higher in transplanted patients than in the control group and was associated to higher in-hospital mortality.