Can a Single Sagittal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Slice Represent Whole Fatty Infiltration in Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears at the Supraspinatus?

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate whether fatty infiltration (FI) measured on a single sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) slice can represent FI of the whole supraspinatus muscle. METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed the MRIs of 106 patients (age 50-79 years) divided into three rotator cuff tear-size groups: medium, large, and massive. Fat mass and muscle mass on all T1-weighted sagittal MRI scans (FA and MA) were measured. Of the total MRI scans, the Y-view was defined as the most lateral image of the junction of the scapular spine with the scapular body on the oblique sagittal T1-weighted image. Fat mass and muscle mass seen on this Y-view single slice were recorded as F1 and M1, respectively. Fat mass and muscle mass were also assessed on MRI scans lateral and medial to the Y-view. The means of fat mass and muscle mass on these three slices were recorded as F3 and M3, respectively. Average FI ratios (fat mass/muscle mass) of the three assessment methods (F1/M1, FA/MA, and F3/M3) were compared. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for inter- and intraobserver reliability. RESULTS: ICCs showed higher reliability (> 0.8) for all measurements. F1/M1 values were not statistically different from FA/MA and F3/M3 values (p > 0.05), except in males with medium and large tears. F3/M3 and FA/MA were not statistically different. The difference between F1/M1 and FA/MA did not exceed 2%. CONCLUSIONS: A single sagittal MRI slice can represent the whole FI in chronic rotator cuff tears, except in some patient groups. We recommend measurement of FI using a single sagittal MRI slice, given the effort required for repeated measurements.

Eriodictyol attenuates cisplatin-induced kidney injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.

Eriodictyol, a flavonoid present in citrus fruits, has been reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the protective effects of eriodictyol on cisplatin (CP)-induced kidney injury were detected. CP-induced kidney injury model was established by administration of CP (20mg/kg). The results showed that treatment of eriodictyol inhibited the production of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, MDA, TBARS, reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as the production of TNF-α, and IL-1ß in kidney tissues induced by CP. Eriodictyol also up-regulated the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-PX decreased by CP. Furthermore, eriodictyol was found to up-regulate the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibited CP-induced NF-κB activation in kidney tissues. In conclusion, eriodictyol protected against CP-induced kidney injury through activating Nrf2 and inhibiting NF-κB activation.