High-Performance One-Component Epoxy Adhesive Based on the Synergistic Effect of Lignin-Derived Triaryl-Imidazole and Phytic Acid.

Latent curing agents are essential in the formulation of one-component epoxy resins, yet they are seldom derived from fully biobased chemicals. In the present work, a fully biobased latent curing agent for epoxy resins (BIMPA) was produced by synthesizing an ionic complex of lignin-derived triaryl-imidazole (BIM) and phytic acid (PA). Benefiting from the synergistic effect of BIM and PA, the one-component epoxy resin, composed of BIMPA and commercially available E51, exhibits a storage stability of over 90 days. Upon heating, the ionic complex undergoes decomposition, liberating the active imidazole to cure the precursor. The resulting epoxy resins exhibited a flexural modulus of 3.09 GPa, a flexural strength of 107.47 MPa, a notched izod impact strength of 2.47 kJ/m3, and a shear strength of 41.02 MPa. The outcome can provide an effective supplement for the development of biobased epoxy resins.

Correlation research on physical activity and executive function in female college students with subclinical depression.

Researchers have found that there may be a correlation between physical activity, executive function, and depression for college students with depression. However, there is limited information available regarding the relationship and interaction between subclinical depression, physical activity, and executive function among college students with subclinical depression. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation and interaction between subclinical depression, physical activity, and executive function in female college students with subclinical depression. The ActiGraph GT3X was utilized to measure physical activity time, and the colour-word Stroop task was employed to evaluate the executive function of the participants. The findings revealed that female college students with subclinical depression had a significantly lower time for moderate-intensity physical activity compared to healthy female college students. Additionally, the subclinical depression group took significantly longer to complete the colour-word Stroop task compared to the healthy group of female college students. The results of correlation and mediation analyses suggest a negative correlation between BDI-II scores and physical activity time and executive function in female college students with subclinical depression. Moreover, executive function appears to play a partial mediating role in the relationship between physical activity and subclinical depression.

A novel bacterium-like particles platform displaying antigens by new anchoring proteins induces efficacious immune responses.

Bacterium-like particles (BLP) are the peptidoglycan skeleton particles of lactic acid bacteria, which have high safety, mucosal delivery efficiency, and adjuvant effect. It has been widely used in recent years in the development of vaccines. Existing anchoring proteins for BLP surfaces are few in number, so screening and characterization of new anchoring proteins are necessary. In this research, we created the OACD (C-terminal domain of Escherichia coli outer membrane protein A) to serve as an anchoring protein on the surface of BLP produced by the immunomodulatory bacteria Levilactobacillus brevis 23017. We used red fluorescent protein (RFP) to demonstrate the novel surface display system's effectiveness, stability, and ability to be adapted to a wide range of lactic acid bacteria. Furthermore, this study employed this surface display method to develop a novel vaccine (called COB17) by using the multi-epitope antigen of Clostridium perfringens as the model antigen. The vaccine can induce more than 50% protection rate against C. perfringens type A challenge in mice immunized with a single dose and has been tested through three routes. The vaccine yields protection rates of 75% for subcutaneous, 50% for intranasal, and 75% for oral immunization. Additionally, it elicits a strong mucosal immune response, markedly increasing levels of specific IgG, high-affinity IgG, specific IgA, and SIgA antibodies. Additionally, we used protein anchors (PA) and OACD simultaneous to show several antigens on the BLP surface. The discovery of novel BLP anchoring proteins may expand the possibilities for creating mucosal immunity subunit vaccines. Additionally, it may work in concert with PA to provide concepts for the creation of multivalent or multiple vaccines that may be used in clinical practice to treat complex illnesses.

Neratinib stimulates senescence of mammary cancer cells by reducing the levels of SIRT1.

Neratinib, a typical small-molecule, pan-human tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has been licensed for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. However, the underlying pharmacological mechanism is still unknown. In the current study, we report a novel function of Neratinib by showing that its treatment stimulates senescence of the mammary cancer AU565 cells. Our results demonstrate that Neratinib induces mitochondrial injury by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Also, we found that Neratinib induced DNA damage by increasing the levels of 8-Hydroxy-desoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and γH2AX in AU565 cells. Additionally, Neratinib reduced the levels of telomerase activity after 7 and 14 days incubation. Importantly, the senescence-associated-ß-galactosidase (SA-ß-Gal) assay revealed that Neratinib stimulated senescence of AU565 cells. Neratinib decreased the gene levels of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) but increased those of telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TERF2) in AU565 cells. Further study displayed that Neratinib upregulated the expression of K382 acetylation of p53 (ac-K382) and p21 but reduced the levels of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). However, overexpression of SIRT1 abolished the effects of Neratinib in cellular senescence. These findings provide strong preclinical evidence of Neratinib's treatment of breast cancer.

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and vascular lesions: An update on what we currently know.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is the most prevalent sleep and respiratory disorder. This syndrome can induce severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, and intermittent hypoxia is a pivotal contributor to this damage. Vascular pathology is closely associated with the impairment of target organs, marking a focal point in current research. Vascular lesions are the fundamental pathophysiological basis of multiorgan ailments and indicate a shared pathogenic mechanism among common cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions, suggesting their importance as a public health concern. Increasing evidence shows a strong correlation between OSAHS and vascular lesions. Previous studies predominantly focused on the pathophysiological alterations in OSAHS itself, such as intermittent hypoxia and fragmented sleep, leading to vascular disruptions. This review aims to delve deeper into the vascular lesions affected by OSAHS by examining the microscopic pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Emphasis has been placed on examining how OSAHS induces vascular lesions through disruptions in the endothelial barrier, metabolic dysregulation, cellular phenotype alterations, neuroendocrine irregularities, programmed cell death, vascular inflammation, oxidative stress and epigenetic modifications. This review examines the epidemiology and associated risk factors for OSAHS and vascular diseases and subsequently describes the existing evidence on vascular lesions induced by OSAHS in the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, retinal, renal and reproductive systems. A detailed account of the current research on the pathophysiological mechanisms mediating vascular lesions caused by OSAHS is provided, culminating in a discussion of research advancements in therapeutic modalities to mitigate OSAHS-related vascular lesions and the implications of these treatment strategies.

Vibration-Dependent Dual-Phosphorescent Cu4 Nanocluster with Remarkable Piezochromic Behavior.

The dual emission (DE) characteristics of atomically precise copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) are of significant theoretical and practical interest. Despite this, the underlying mechanism driving DE in Cu NCs remains elusive, primarily due to the complexities of excited state processes. Herein, a novel [Cu4(PPh3)4(C≡C-p-NH2C6H4)3]PF6 (Cu4) NC, shielded by alkynyl and exhibiting DE, was synthesized. Hydrostatic pressure was applied to Cu4, for the first time, to investigate the mechanism of DE. With increasing pressure, the higher-energy emission peak of Cu4 gradually disappeared, leaving the lower-energy emission peak as the dominant emission. Additionally, the Cu4 crystal exhibited notable piezochromism transitioning from cyan to orange. Angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction results revealed that the reduced inter-cluster distances under pressure brought the peripheral ligands closer, leading to the formation of new C-H···N and N-H···N hydrogen bonds in Cu4. It is proposed that these strengthened hydrogen bond interactions limit the ligands´ vibration, resulting in the vanishing of the higher-energy peak. In situ high-pressure Raman and vibrationally resolved emission spectra demonstrated that the benzene ring C=C stretching vibration is the structural source of the DE in Cu4.

First-Principles Simulation and Materials Screening for Spin-Orbit Torque in 2D van der Waals Heterostructures.

Recent advancements in spin-orbit torque (SOT) technology in two-dimensional van der Waals (2D vdW) materials have not only pushed spintronic devices to their atomic limits but have also unveiled unconventional torques and novel spin-switching mechanisms. The vast diversity of SOT observed in numerous 2D vdW materials necessitates a screening strategy to identify optimal materials for torque device performance. However, such a strategy has yet to be established. To address this critical issue, a combination of density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function is employed to calculate the SOT in various 2D vdW bilayer heterostructures. This leads to the discovery of three high SOT systems: WTe2/CrSe2, MoTe2/VS2, and NbSe2/CrSe2. Furthermore, a figure of merit that allows for rapid and efficient estimation of SOT is proposed, enabling high-throughput screening of optimal materials and devices for SOT applications in the future.

Secofumitremorgins C and D, a pair of atropisomers from saltern-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigatus GXIMD00544.

A pair of atropisomers secofumitremorgins C (1a) and D (1b), together with fifteen known alkaloids (2-16), were isolated from a saltern-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigatus GXIMD00544. The structures of atropisomers 1a and 1b were elucidated by the detailed spectroscopic data, chemical reaction and quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 1 and 8 displayed antifungal spore germination effects against plant pathogenic fungus associated with sugarcane Fusarium sp. with inhibitory rates of 53% and 77% at the concentration of 100 µM, repectively. Atropisomers 1 also exhibited antifouling potential against Balanus amphitrite larval settlement with an inhibitory rate of 96% at the concentration of 100 µM.

Whitening and antioxidant activities of Inonotus sanghuang Extract and development of primary whitening gel products.

Polysaccharides and flavonoids have excellent antioxidant properties and tyrosinase inhibitory effects. In this paper, the antioxidant capacity of Inonotus sanghuang extract and its inhibition kinetics on mushroom tyrosinase were investigated to determine the preparation process of Inonotus sanghuang primary whitening gel. By conducting experimental studies on the effects of water extract and alcohol extract of Inonotus sanghuang on antioxidant capacity and tyrosinase activity, their inhibitory ability and types of inhibitory effects were determined. The single factor experiment was used to determine the preparation process of Sanghuang primary whitening gel. This study has proven that the extract of Inonotus sanghuang possesses antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory capabilities. It also identified the preparation process for the primary whitening gel of Inonotus sanghuang, thereby providing a theoretical and experimental basis for the development of whitening products utilising Inonotus sanghuang.

Shuangdong Capsule Activates Insulin Signal Pathway to Improve Urinary Tract Infection in Diabetic Rats.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Diabetes and Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are both common and serious health problems. Shuangdong capsule, a Chinese patent medicine, has been used to treat these conditions. This study assesses its efficacy and mechanism in treating diabetes combined with UTIs. METHODS: We induced diabetes in rats using streptozotocin and UTIs with Escherichia coli, dividing the rats into five groups: control, model, levofloxacin, Shuangdong capsule, and levofloxacin + Shuangdong capsule. After two weeks, we measured blood glucose, insulin, infection indicators, and bladder histology. We also detected the expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt)-C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) signaling pathway by Western Blot and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Additionally, we conducted a Mendelian randomization study using genetic variants of the insulin receptor to assess its causal effect on UTI risk. RESULTS: Shuangdong capsule improved bladder pathology and infection indicators, similar to levofloxacin. It did not affect blood glucose or insulin levels. Moreover, it reversed the suppression of the IRS1-PI3K-Akt-CXCL2 pathway and MPO levels caused by UTI in diabetic rats. The Mendelian randomization study showed that increased insulin receptor expression reduced UTI risk, which was consistent with the results of the animal experiments. CONCLUSION: The Shuangdong capsule was effective in treating diabetes with UTIs. It may function by activating the IRS1-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, thereby increasing CXCL2 and MPO levels, enhancing innate immunity, and promoting bacterial clearance. The Mendelian randomization study provided further evidence supporting the causal role of the insulin receptor in UTI prevention.

Meta-Analysis of Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with Minoxidil for Androgenetic Alopecia.

BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent type of hair loss that impacts individuals of both genders. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and minoxidil have been employed as therapeutic interventions for AGA, yet the efficacy of their concurrent use remains ambiguous. OBJECTIVE: To perform a comprehensive review and meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in combination with minoxidil for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA). METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of the databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, encompassing their complete records up until December 2023. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials that compared the combination of PRP and minoxidil with minoxidil or PRP alone in patients with AGA. The primary outcome measure was the change in hair growth as assessed by the hair density or hair thickness. Secondary outcome measures included patient satisfaction, and global photographic assessment. RESULTS: A total of 6 studies involving 343 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that PRP combined with minoxidil significantly improved hair growth compared to minoxidil or PRP alone. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significant increase in hair density (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 9.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.57-11.70) and hair diameter (WMD = 4.72; 95% CI 3.21-6.23) in the PRP combined with minoxidil group. Moreover, patients receiving PRP combined with minoxidil reported higher satisfaction rates compared to those using minoxidil or PRP alone. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that PRP combined with minoxidil is an effective treatment for AGA, providing significant improvement in hair growth and patient satisfaction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Inhaled Macrophage Apoptotic Bodies-Engineered Microparticle Enabling Construction of Pro-Regenerative Microenvironment to Fight Hypoxic Lung Injury in Mice.

Oxygen therapy cannot rescue local lung hypoxia in patients with severe respiratory failure. Here, an inhalable platform is reported for overcoming the aberrant hypoxia-induced immune changes and alveolar damage using camouflaged poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microparticles with macrophage apoptotic body membrane (cMAB). cMABs are preloaded with mitochondria-targeting superoxide dismutase/catalase nanocomplexes (NCs) and modified with pathology-responsive macrophage growth factor colony-stimulating factor (CSF) chains, which form a core-shell platform called C-cMAB/NC with efficient deposition in deeper alveoli and high affinity to alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) after CSF chains are cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase 9. Therefore, NCs can be effectively transported into mitochondria to inhibit inflammasome-mediated AECs damage in mouse models of hypoxic acute lung injury. Additionally, the at-site CSF release is sufficient to rescue circulating monocytes and macrophages and alter their phenotypes, maximizing synergetic effects of NCs on creating a pro-regenerative microenvironment that enables resolution of lung injury and inflammation. This inhalable platform may have applications to numerous inflammatory lung diseases.

3D printing of highly conductive and strongly adhesive PEDOT:PSS hydrogel-based bioelectronic interface for accurate electromyography monitoring.

PEDOT: PSS hydrogel-based bioelectronic interfaces have gained significant attention in various fields including biomedical devices, wearable devices, and epidermal electronics. However, the development of high-performance bioelectronic interfaces that integrate excellent conductivity, strong adhesion, and advanced processing compatibility remains a challenge. Herein, we develop a high-performance bioelectronic interface by 3D printing of a novel poly(vinyl alcohol-formaldehyde) (PVAF)-PEDOT:PSS composite ink. Such a PEDOT:PSS-PVAF ink exhibits favorable rheological properties for direct-ink-writing 3D printing, enabling the fabrication of high-resolution patterns and three-dimensional structures with high aspect ratios. Hydrogel bioelectronic interface printed by such PEDOT:PSS-PVAF ink simultaneously achieves high conductivity (over 100 S m-1), strong adhesion (31.44 ± 7.07 kPa), as well as stable electrochemical performance (charge injection capacity of 13.72 mC cm-2 and charge storage capacity of 18.80 mC cm-2). We further integrate PEDOT:PSS-PVAF hydrogel bioelectronic interface to fabricate adhesive skin electrodes for electromyography (EMG) signal recording. The resultant EMG skin electrodes demonstrate superior performance and stability compared to commercial products, maintaining high signal-to-noise ratio of > 10 dB under varying weights and repetitive motions. These advantageous performance of PEDOT:PSS-PVAF based hydrogel bioelectronic interfaces may be helpful for diverse bioelectronic applications like healthcare monitoring and epidermal bioelectronics.

Associations of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein with bacterial load, proinflammatory cytokines and mortality from pneumonia.

Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is a damage-associated molecular pattern that plays a critical role in triggering inflammatory responses. It remains unknown whether CIRP is strongly associated with bacterial load, inflammatory response, and mortality in sepsis model. Pneumonia was induced in specific pathogen-free 8-9-week old male rats by injecting bacteria via puncture of the tracheal cartilage. The expressions of CIRP and proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1ß] in lung tissues, alveolar macrophages (AMs), plasma, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The numbers of bacteria recovered from the lungs were correlated with the bacterial loads injected and mortality. The expressions of CIRP increased sharply as the bacterial loads increased in the lung tissues and AMs. The amounts of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1ß proteins synthesized were dependent on the bacterial load in the lung tissues. Releases of CIRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1ß increased with the bacterial load in the blood plasma. The proteins confirmed similar patterns in the BALF. CIRP was strongly associated with the releases of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1ß in the lung tissues, blood plasma, and BALF, and showed a close correlation with mortality. CIRP demonstrated a strong association with bacterial load, which is new evidence, and close correlations with proinflammatory cytokines and mortality of pneumonia in rats, suggesting that it might be an interesting pneumonic biomarker for monitoring host response and predicting mortality, and a promising target for immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody/tyrosine kinase inhibitors with or without transarterial chemoembolization as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CHANCE2201): a target trial emulation study.

Background: The role of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unconfirmed. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) antibody/tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with or without TACE as first-line treatment for advanced HCC. Methods: This nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort study included advanced HCC patients receiving either TACE with ICIs plus anti-VEGF antibody/TKIs (TACE-ICI-VEGF) or only ICIs plus anti-VEGF antibody/TKIs (ICI-VEGF) from January 2018 to December 2022. The study design followed the target trial emulation framework with stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) to minimize biases. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05332821. Findings: Among 1244 patients included in the analysis, 802 (64.5%) patients received TACE-ICI-VEGF treatment, and 442 (35.5%) patients received ICI-VEGF treatment. The median follow-up time was 21.1 months and 20.6 months, respectively. Post-application of sIPTW, baseline characteristics were well-balanced between the two groups. TACE-ICI-VEGF group exhibited a significantly improved median OS (22.6 months [95% CI: 21.2-23.9] vs 15.9 months [14.9-17.8]; P < 0.0001; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.63 [95% CI: 0.53-0.75]). Median PFS was also longer in TACE-ICI-VEGF group (9.9 months [9.1-10.6] vs 7.4 months [6.7-8.5]; P < 0.0001; aHR 0.74 [0.65-0.85]) per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) version 1.1. A higher ORR was observed in TACE-ICI-VEGF group, by either RECIST v1.1 or modified RECIST (41.2% vs 22.9%, P < 0.0001; 47.3% vs 29.7%, P < 0.0001). Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 178 patients (22.2%) in TACE-ICI-VEGF group and 80 patients (18.1%) in ICI-VEGF group. Interpretation: This multicenter study supports the use of TACE combined with ICIs and anti-VEGF antibody/TKIs as first-line treatment for advanced HCC, demonstrating an acceptable safety profile. Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Key Research and Development Program of China, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and Nanjing Life Health Science and Technology Project.

Characterization of acute-on-chronic liver diseases: A multicenter prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Acute-on-chronic liver disease (AoCLD) accounts for the majority of patients hospitalized in the Department of Hepatology or Infectious Diseases. AIM: To explore the characterization of AoCLD to provide theoretical guidance for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of AoCLD. METHODS: Patients with AoCLD from the Chinese Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) study cohort were included in this study. The clinical characteristics and outcomes, and the 90-d survival rate associated with each clinical type of AoCLD were analyzed, using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. RESULTS: A total of 3375 patients with AoCLD were enrolled, including 1679 (49.7%) patients with liver cirrhosis acute decompensation (LC-AD), 850 (25.2%) patients with ACLF, 577 (17.1%) patients with chronic hepatitis acute exacerbation (CHAE), and 269 (8.0%) patients with liver cirrhosis active phase (LC-A). The most common cause of chronic liver disease (CLD) was HBV infection (71.4%). The most common precipitants of AoCLD was bacterial infection (22.8%). The 90-d mortality rates of each clinical subtype of AoCLD were 43.4% (232/535) for type-C ACLF, 36.0% (36/100) for type-B ACLF, 27.0% (58/215) for type-A ACLF, 9.0% (151/1679) for LC-AD, 3.0% (8/269) for LC-A, and 1.2% (7/577) for CHAE. CONCLUSION: HBV infection is the main cause of CLD, and bacterial infection is the main precipitant of AoCLD. The most common clinical type of AoCLD is LC-AD. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are needed to reduce the mortality of patients with LC-AD or ACLF.

miR-130b-3p involved in the pathogenesis of age-related hearing loss via targeting PPARγ and autophagy.

The study focuses on the underlying regulatory mechanism of age-related hearing loss (ARHL), which results from autophagy dysregulation mediated by miR-130b-3p targeting PPARγ. We constructed miR-130b-3p knockout (antagomir) and PPARγ over-expression (OE-PPARγ) mice model by injecting mmu-miR-130b-3p antagomir and HBAAV2/Anc80-m-Pparg-T2A-mCHerry into the right ear' round window of each mouse, respectively. In vitro, we introduced oxidative stress within HEI-OC1 cells by H2O2 and exogenously changed the miR-130b-3p and PPARγ levels. MiRNA level was detected by RT-qPCR, proteins by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Morphology of autophagosomes was observed by electron microscopy. In vivo, the cochlea of aged mice showed higher miR-130b-3p expression and lower PPARγ expression, while exogenous inhibition of miR-130b-3p up-regulated PPARγ expression. Autophagy-related biomarkers expression (ATG5, Beclin-1 and LC3B II/I) decreased in aged mice, which reversely increased after the inhibition of miR-130b-3p. The elevation of PPARγ demonstrated similar effects. Contrarily, exogenous overexpression of miR-130b-3p resulted in the decrease of ATG5, Beclin-1 and LC3B II/I. We created oxidative stress within HEI-OC1 by H2O2, subsequently observed the formation of autophagosomes under electron microscope, so as the elevated cell apoptosis rate and weakened cell viability. MiR-130b-3p/PPARγ contributed to the premature senescence of these H2O2-induced HEI-OC1 cells. MiR-130b-3p regulated HEI-OC1 cell growth by targeting PPARγ, thus leading to ARHL.

{SeO2(OH)} Bridging Lanthanide-Containing Antimono-Seleno-Tungstates.

A series of new trigonal pyramidal {SeO2(OH)} bridging lanthanide-containing antimono-seleno-tungstates [H2N(CH3)2]8Na8Cs4H9[Ln2SeW4O11(OH)(H2O)4(SbW9O33)(SeW9O33)(Se1/2Sb1/2W9O33)]2·32H2O [Ln = Tb (1), Dy (2), Ho (3), Er (4)] have been prepared by the synthetic strategy of simultaneously using the antimonotungstate precursor and simple material in an acidic aqueous solution and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, IR spectrometry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Their molecular structures contain an unprecedented hexameric polyoxoanion [Ln2SeW4O11(OH)(H2O)4(SbW9O33)(SeW9O33)(Se1/2Sb1/2W9O33)]229- constituted by two equivalent trimeric subunits Ln2W4O9(H2O)4(SbW9O33)(SeW9O33)(Se1/2Sb1/2W9O33) bridged via two µ2-{SeO2(OH)} linkers. Furthermore, the catalytic oxidation of various aromatic sulfides and sulfur mustard simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) by compound 3 as the heterogeneous catalyst has been investigated, exhibiting high conversion and selectivity as well as good stability and recyclability.