Crystal structure, assembly process, and single-molecule magnet behavior of a triangular prismatic {Co9} cluster.

Using the polydentate ligand of H4L with the CoII ion, a triangular prism-type nine-nucleus cluster [Co9(L)3(CH2OCH2OH)6]·3.5H2O ({Co9}-Eg, H4L = 6,6'-(1H,1'H-[3,3'-bi(1,2,4-triazole)]-5,5'-diyl)dipicolinic acid) was constructed. Ion fragmentation during the formation of the {Co9}-Eg cluster was tracked using time-dependent electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. In addition, we proposed two possible formation processes (i) H4L → CoL → Co2L → Co6L3 → Co7L3 → Co9L3 and (ii) H4L → CoL → Co2L → Co3L → Co5L2 → Co7L3 → Co9L3. Magnetic studies show that {Co9}-Eg exhibits slow relaxation under a static zero field at low temperature, which is the main characteristic of single molecule magnets (SMMs).

Tracking the Stepwise Formation of a Water-Soluble Fluorescent Tb12 Cluster for Efficient Doxorubicin Detection.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthraquinone drug used for the efficient treatment of a variety of tumors in human beings. Unfortunately, its poor biodegradability causes incomplete metabolism in the body. Therefore, it is of great significance to synthesize a sensitive and selective material for DOX detection. In this paper, we report a water-soluble Tb12 cluster and track its step-by-step formation (L → Tb1L1 → Tb2L1 → Tb2L2 → Tb3L2 → Tb4L2 → Tb12L6). Tb12 can be used to determine the presence of DOX, which quenches the luminescence of the Tb12 aqueous solution, and the detection limit can reach 13 nM (KSV = 8.7 × 105 M-1). Tb12 has advantages of high sensitivity and high selectivity for the detection of DOX in a simulated environment of human urine and serum.

Constructing an unprecedented {MnII38} matryoshka doll with a [Mn18(CO3)9] inorganic core and magnetocaloric effect.

An unprecedented inner [Mn18(CO3)9] inorganic core and [Mn20] metal-organic periphery compose a high-nuclearity homometallic single-valent {MnII38} molecular aggregate with a [Mn6] ⊂ [Mn12] ⊂ [Mn8] ⊂ [Mn12] matryoshka doll-like skeleton that displays a significant magnetocaloric effect (MCE).

Hierarchical Construction and Magnetic Difference of {Co12M12} (M = Co2+/Cd2+) Aggregates from {Co14} Cluster-Based Precursors in the Presence of Homo/Heterometal Salts.

The controllable construction and function expansion of some sophisticated aggregations represent a current hot topic in scientific research. In this paper, using a prefabricated {Co14} cluster as a synthetic precursor, a homometallic {Co24} and a heterometallic {Co12Cd12} giant cluster possessing similar dual-[M12] (M = Co/Cd) skeletons was prepared by reacting the precursor with excess CoCl2 and Cd(OAc)2 salts, respectively. The detailed structural information on {Co24} and {Co12Cd12} was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy in the solid state. Compared to the {Co14} precursor, magnetic difference revealed that spin-canting and magnetic ordering had been enhanced in {Co24} and suppressed in {Co12Cd12} when dotted with diamagnetic Cd2+ ions.

A novel sandwich shaped {CoCoMo} cluster with a Co triangle encapsulated in two capped CoIIICoMoO40 fragments.

A novel discrete {Co14Mo24} nanoscale cluster, {CoIII2CoII10Cl2(dpbt)3(H2O)2[CoIIMoV12O31(CH3O)9]2}·24CH3OH (1) (here, dpbt = 5,5'-di(pyridin-2-yl)-3,3'-bi(1,2,4-triazole)), with a triangular Co4 core encapsulated in two novel capped Co-substituted Keggin-type Co5Mo12O40 anions, has been isolated from alkaline methanol solution. The high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrum (HRESI-MS) of microcrystalline 1 in MeOH/CH2Cl2 (v : v = 2 : 1) was recorded. Two prominent overlapping peaks in the range of m/z = 2740-2840 and 1820-1880 for the discrete fragments of [CoIII2CoII12MoV24O62Cl2(dpbt)3(H2O)2(CH3O)x(OH)18-x-2H]2- (x = 9-18, F1) and [CoIII2CoII12MoV24O62Cl2(dpbt)3(H2O)2(CH3O)x(OH)19-x-2H]3- (x = 6-13, F2), respectively, are obtained, confirming the {Co14Mo24} composition in 1. In addition, weak anti-ferromagnetic interactions in 1 are observed.

In Situ Metal-Ligand Reactions under Solvent-Dependent Hydro(solvo)thermal Conditions: Structures, Mass Spectrometry, and Magnetism.

In this study, four in situ hydro(solvo)thermal metal-ligand reactions, including oxidation (H2L1), C-C coupling (H4L2), nitration (H2L3), and condensation (HL4-6), based on bis[3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl]methane (H2L0), in the presence of DyIII ions, were carried out. The in situ metal-ligand reaction gave six new ligands existing in eight novel DyIII coordination complexes, which were characterized by crystal structure, mass spectrometry, and magnetism.

Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic Polyphenols from Green Tea Extract Ameliorate CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the phenolic composition, antioxidant properties, and hepatoprotective mechanisms of polyphenols from green tea extract (GTP) in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury mouse model. METHODS: High-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze the chemical composition of the extract. Antioxidant activity of GTP was assessed by O2∙-, OH∙, DPPH∙, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay in vitro. Sixty Kunming mice were divided into 6 groups including control, model, low-, medium-, and high-doses GTP (200, 400, 800 mg/kg) and vitamin E (250 mg/kg) groups, 10 in each group. GTP and vitamin E were administered at a level of abovementioned doses twice per day for 7 days prior to exposure to a single injection of CCl4. Hepatoprotective effects of GTP were evaluated in a CCl4-induced mouse model of acute liver injury, using commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits, histopathological observation, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTPNick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and Western blot. RESULTS: GTP contained 98.56 µg gallic acid equivalents per milligram extract total polyphenols, including epicatechingallate, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, and epigallocatechin. Compared with the model group, low-, medium-, or high doses GTP significantly decreased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase (P<0.01). Histopathological observation confirmed that pretreatment of GTP prevented swelling and necrosis in CCl4-exposed hepatocytes. Hepatoprotective effects of low-, medium-, and high-dose GTP were associated with eliminating free radicals and improving superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver. Additionally, low-, medium-, and high-dose GTP decreased cell apoptosis in the CCl4-exposed liver (P<0.01). Phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), p53, Bcl-2 associated x protein/B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 gene, cytochrome C, and cleaved caspase-3 levels were downregulated compared with the model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: GTP achieves hepatoprotective effects by improving hepatic antioxidant status and preventing cell apoptosis through caspase-3-dependent signaling pathways.

Hierarchical Assembly of a {Co24} Cluster from Two Vertex-Fused {Co13} Clusters and Their Single-Molecule Magnetism.

We present the synthesis, structural characterization, and magnetic properties of two high-nuclearity cobalt clusters formulated as [Co13(µ3-OH)3(µ3-Cl)(dpbt)5(ptd)Cl10][Co(H2O)2Cl2]·(CH3)2CHOH (1) and [Co24(µ3-OH)6(µ3-Cl)2(dpbt)10(ptd)2Cl16]·2CH3CH2OH (2), respectively (H2dpbt = 5,5'-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-3,3'-bis(1,2,4-triazole) and H2ptd = 3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazine-5,6-diol). Compound 1 is composed of an inner [Co4(µ3-OH)3(µ3-Cl)] cubane and an outer [Co9(dpbt)5(ptd)Cl10] defective adamantane. Compound 2 reveals a giant {Co24} cluster possessing a dual-[Co12] skeleton from 1. The hierarchical assembly from 1 to 2 has been established and tracked through high-resolution electrospray ionization (HRESI-MS) analyses from the solvothermal reaction mother solution. Magnetic studies of 1 and 2 revealed the highly correlated spins, a glasslike magnetic phase transition at ca. 8 K, and slow relaxation behavior of SMM nature in the lower-temperature region (below 4 K).

SHYCD induces APE1/Ref-1 subcellular localization to regulate the p53-apoptosis signaling pathway in the prevention and treatment of acute on chronic liver failure.

Background & Aims: San huang yin chi decoction(SHYCD) is derived from the yin chen hao decoction, a well-known and canonical Chinese medicine formula from the "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". Over the past decade, SHYCD has been used to treat and prevent the liver cirrhosis and liver failure. In the present study, we investigated the effects of SHYCD for acute on chronic liver failure(ACLF) and explored its potential mechanism. an ACLF rat model, which induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) combined with D-galactosamine (D-GalN) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS), was used and confirmed by B-ultrasound analysis. Rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, SHYCD-H group, SHYCD-M group, SHYCD-L group, AGNHW group. Compared with the ACLF model group, High, medium, and low doses of SHYCD reduced ALT, AST, TBIL, NH3, IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNFα expression levels in the serum, Shorten PT and INR time,and increased Fbg content in the whole blood, increased survival rate of the rats, improved liver pathological changes. APE1 / Ref-1 was mainly expressed in the nucleus, but the nucleus and cytoplasm were co-expressed after hepatocyte injury. SHYCD significantly downregulated APE1/Ref-1 expression in the cytoplasm. Increased APE1/Ref-1, Bcl-2, reduced p53, caspase-3, Bax, and Cyt-c in the total protein. Base on the results, we conclused that High, medium, and low doses of SHYCD could be applied in prevention and treatment of ACLF, and dose-dependent. The possible mechanism is to promote the APE1 / Ref-1 from the cytoplasm to the nuclear transfer, regulation of p53 apoptosis signal pathway prevention and treatment of ACLF.

A single-stranded {Gd18} nanowheel with a symmetric polydentate diacylhydrazone ligand.

An unprecedented {Gd18} nanowheel was solvothermally synthesized with a novel diacylhydrazone ligand. It features a rare single-stranded skeleton just like a Reuleaux triangle with vertices buckled in, represents the highest nuclearity and largest size in lanthanide (Ln) wheels reported so far, and shows a large magnetocaloric effect (MCE).

[Protective effect of Sanhuangyinchi Fang drug serum on hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA oxidative damage in LO2 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To study the protective effect of Sanhuangyinchi Fang drug serum (SF) against hydrogen peroxide-mediated DNA oxidative damage in LO2 cells. METHODS: The LO2 cells were randomly divided into the control group, H(2)O(2) group, SF groups (5%, 10%, and 15%) and vitE group. The morphological features of the treated LO2 cells were observed under inverted microscope. The viability of the treated cells was assessed with CCK-8 method, and the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-PX were detected biochemically. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the content of 8-OHdG, and DNA damage of the cells were evaluated by flow cytometry, ELISA, and Comet assay, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with H(2)O(2) group, the cells in SF groups (10% and 15%) and vitE group showed higher cell survival rate (P<0.05) and higher SOD, CAT, GSH-PX (P<0.05) and ROS scavenging activities (P<0.01) with markedly decreases the content of 8-OHdG (P<0.01) and reduced tailing ratio, tail length, tail moment and Olive tail moment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: SF drug serum, especially at the concentration of 15%, can protect LO2 cells from H(2)O(2)-mediated DNA oxidative damage.

An intuitional hierarchical assembly of cluster-organic frameworks with a thickness of 1.97 nm from a discrete Co14 cluster.

An intuitional hierarchical assembly, metaphorically referred to as a "blossom and yield fruit" process, from a discrete cluster {[Co14(CH3O)4(dpbt)6Cl12]·14CH3OH, ()} to 2D cluster organic frameworks {[Co14(CH3O)10(dpbt)6 Cl6]·12CH3OH, ()}, has been established. The magnetic ordering of was obviously improved compared with .

Solvent effects on the structures and magnetic properties of two doubly interpenetrated metal-organic frameworks.

Two doubly interpenetrated coordination polymers [Co2(BDC)2(bpt)2]·nSolvent based on dimeric secondary building units and crystallizing with distinct solvent molecules (-H2O and -MeOH for nSolvent = 2H2O and MeOH·H2O, respectively) were obtained by employing 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (BDC) and 1H-3,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole) (bpt) as linkers. The structures consist of a square grid of dimers bridged by BDC and pillared by bpt. Thermogravimetry and PXRD indicate that the frameworks are stable and are retained up to 400 °C, but the structures are modified irreversibly. -H2O, high-symmetry Pna21, exhibits antiferromagnetic coupling within the dimer, while -MeOH, low-symmetry P21/n, exhibits ferromagnetic coupling. Upon desolvation, the -de and -de couplings are antiferromagnetic but reduced. Subsequent resolvation to -H2O and -MeOH resulted in a slight increase of the antiferromagnetic coupling without attaining the virgin states. The interesting difference of magnetic properties between -H2O and -MeOH, the solvated/desolvated phases, particularly at low temperature, indicates that there is a prominent solvent effect.

Triaqua-(cyclo-hex-4-ene-1,2-dicarboxyl-ato-κO(1))(1,10-phenanthroline-κ(2)N,N')cobalt(II).

In the title compound, [Co(C(8)H(8)O(4))(C(12)H(8)N(2))(H(2)O)(3)], the Co(II) atom is coordinated by two N atoms from a bidentate 1,10-phenanthroline ligand, one O atom from a monodentate 4-cyclo-hexene-1,2-dicarboxyl-ate ligand and three water O atoms in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. The mononuclear mol-ecules are engaged in extensive intra- and inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions and π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.784 (3) Å], forming a three-dimensional supra-molecular network.