ABSTRACT
Uncontrollable interfacial side reactions generated from common aqueous electrolytes, just like the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dendrite growth, have severely prevented the practical application of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). Solid-state ZIBs are considered to be an efficient strategy by adopting high-quality solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). Here, by confining deep eutectic electrolyte (DEE) into the nanochannels of metal-organic framework (MOF)-PCN-222, a stable DEE@PCN-222 SSE with internal Zn2+ transport channels was obtained. A distinctive ion-transport network composed of DEE and PCN-222 in the interior of DEE@PCN-222 realizes the efficient Zn2+ conduction, contributing to high ionic conductivity of 3.13×10-4â S cm-1 at room temperature, low activation energy of 0.12â eV, and a high Zn2+ transference number of 0.74. Furthermore, experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrate that DEE@PCN-222 with its unique channel structure could homogeneously regulate the Zn2+ distribution and effectively alleviate the side reactions. Highly reversible Zn plating/stripping performance of 2476â h can be realized by the SSE. The solid-state ZIBs show a specific capacity of 306â mAh g-1 and display cycling stability of 517â cycles. This unique design concept provides a new perspective in realizing the high-safety and high-performance ZIBs.
ABSTRACT
Full-endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (FELIF) is a critical yet challenging procedure. However, extensive analyses of discectomy and cartilage endplate preparation techniques are limited. This can be attributed to the lack of universal protocols owing to diverse surgical practices and equipment preferences. Therefore, this narrative review presents a comprehensive overview of discectomy and cartilage endplate preparation techniques in FELIF. A literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases in December 2023 retrieved 490 studies, of which 53 met the predefined inclusion criteria, and 1373 patients were included in the analyses. Spinal endoscopic disc and cartilage endplate removal can be categorized into 2 main types: removal under direct endoscopic visualization and removal under radiographic guidance with the protection of a working sheath following the endoscope's removal. Removal under direct visualization ensures the safety and precision of the procedure. Radiographic guidance can enhance the efficiency of the removal process. Specially designed instruments can be utilized through the narrow working channels of spinal endoscopes for the scraping surgery. Moreover, many traditional spinal endoscopic instruments, through specific techniques and manipulations, can also aid in cartilage removal. The approaches and techniques vary significantly among physicians, but overall, these instruments and techniques aim to achieve a safe and efficient disc-scraping outcome. Thus, this review may offer a comprehensive guidance to surgeons in selecting the most efficient practices for FELIF. Uniform procedural protocols are needed to ensure broader adoption and standardized practice.
ABSTRACT
Background: This study investigates the efficacy of the Cervical Endoscopic Unilateral Laminoforaminotomy for Bilateral Decompression (CE-ULFBD) technique in treating cervical myeloradiculopathy, primarily caused by degenerative spondylosis. Traditionally managed through multisegmental anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or laminoplasty combined with foraminotomy, this condition has recently experienced a promising shift towards minimally invasive approaches, particularly endoscopic spinal decompression. While empirical evidence is still emerging, these techniques show potential for effective treatment. Method: The objective was to evaluate the outcomes of CE-ULFBD in achieving single or multilevel bilateral foraminal and central decompression, emphasizing the reduction of injury to posterior cervical muscles and the associated postoperative neck soreness common in conventional procedures. This paper delineates the surgical procedures involved in CE-ULFBD and presents the clinical outcomes of nine patients diagnosed with myeloradiculopathy due to severe cervical stenosis. Result: Assessments were conducted using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for neck and arm pain and the Modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scale (mJOA) for the activity measurement of daily living. Results indicated a considerable decrease in pain levels according to the VAS, coupled with significant improvements in functional capacities as measured by the mJOA scale. Additionally, no major postoperative complications were noted during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The study concludes that CE-ULFBD is a safe and effective approach for the treatment of cervical myeloradiculopathy resulting from severe cervical stenosis, offering a viable and less invasive alternative to traditional decompressive surgeries.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between flatfoot morphology and body mass and height in children aged 6-12 years. A total of 6471 Chinese children (mean age 9.0 ± 1.9 years, 41% female) were assessed for foot morphometry, body height, and body mass index. Foot morphology, including foot length, width, girth, arch height, hallux valgus angle, and rearfoot valgus angle, was measured using a 3D laser scanner. Flatfoot evaluations were conducted using the Sztriter-Godunov index (KY) from footprints. All measurements were analyzed by age and sex using the mean values of the left and right sides. Comparisons were performed between flatfoot groups, between body mass index (BMI) groups, and between body height groups. The study revealed a significant decrease in the incidence of bipedal flatfoot with age (p < 0.001), whereas the prevalence of obesity remained consistent (p > 0.05). Bipedal flatfoot was associated with distinct morphological changes, including lower arches, reduced instep height, diminished ankle heights and a greater rearfoot valgus angle (p < 0.05). When comparing the BMI groups, overweight children had larger and thicker feet (p < 0.05), but no differences were found in arch height and ankle height (p > 0.05). When comparing the body height groups, short-statured children had a shorter feet girth, shorter arches, and shorter ankle height (p < 0.05), but no differences were found in the rearfoot valgus angle (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The main characteristics of flat feet include lower arches and instep heights and ankle heights but higher rearfoot valgus angles. In general, overweight children's feet do not have the common features of flat feet. In contrast, short children had similar features of flatfoot except for rearfoot valgus. Assessment of posture, such as rearfoot valgus, can be critical in identifying children with flat feet. WHAT IS KNOWN: ⢠The morphology of children's feet is associated with body growth, but the relationship between flatfeet and body mass and height remains controversial. WHAT IS NEW: ⢠Three-dimensional foot measurement shows that body mass is generally not associated with flatfeet, while short children have lower arches but no rearfoot valgus.
Subject(s)
Flatfoot , Child , Humans , Female , Male , Flatfoot/epidemiology , Flatfoot/complications , Overweight , Body Height , Foot/anatomy & histology , Obesity/complicationsABSTRACT
Solid-state lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries have been widely recognized as one of the candidates for the next-generation of energy storage batteries. However, the development of solid-state Li-O2 batteries has been hindered by the lack of solid-state electrolyte (SSE) with high ionic conductivity at room temperature, high Li+ transference number, and the high stability to air. Herein, the organic molecular porous solid cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) with one-dimensional (1D) ion migration channels is developed as the SSE for solid-state Li-O2 batteries. Taking advantage of the 1D ion migration channel for Li+ conduction, CB[7] SSE achieves high ionic conductivity (2.45 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 25 °C). Moreover, the noncovalent interactions facilitated the immobilization of anions, realizing a high Li+ transference number (tLi + = 0.81) and Li+ uniform distribution. The CB[7] SSE also shows a wide electrochemical stability window of 0-4.65 V and high thermal stability and chemical stability, as well as realizes stable Li+ plating/stripping (more than 1000 h at 0.3 mA cm-2). As a result, the CB[7] SSE endows solid-state Li-O2 batteries with superior rate capability and long-term discharge/charge stability (up to 500 h). This design strategy of CB[7] SSE paves the way for stable and efficient solid-state Li-O2 batteries toward practical applications.
ABSTRACT
Li-N2 batteries have received widespread attention for their potential to integrate N2 fixation, energy storage, and conversion. However, because of the low activity and poor stability of cathode catalysts, the electrochemical performance of Li-N2 batteries is suboptimal, and their electrochemical reversibility has rarely been proven. In this study, a novel bifunctional photo-assisted Li-N2 battery system was established by employing a plasmonic Au nanoparticles (NPs)-modified defective carbon nitride (Au-Nv -C3 N4 ) photocathode. The Au-Nv -C3 N4 exhibits strong light-harvesting, N2 adsorption, and N2 activation abilities, and the photogenerated electrons and hot electrons are remarkably beneficial for accelerating the discharge and charge reaction kinetics. These advantages enable the photo-assisted Li-N2 battery to achieve a low overpotential of 1.32â V, which is the lowest overpotential reported to date, as well as superior rate capability and prolonged cycle stability (≈500â h). Remarkably, a combination of theoretical and experimental results demonstrates the high reversibility of the photo-assisted Li-N2 battery. The proposed novel strategy for developing efficient cathode catalysts and fabricating photo-assisted battery systems breaks through the overpotential bottleneck of Li-N2 batteries, providing important insights into the mechanism underlying N2 fixation and storage.
ABSTRACT
Solid-state lithium (Li) batteries promise both high energy density and safety while existing solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) fail to satisfy the rigorous requirements of battery operations. Herein, novel polyoxometalate SSEs, Li3 PW12 O40 and Li3 PMo12 O40 , are synthesized, which exhibit excellent interfacial compatibility with electrodes and chemical stability, overcoming the limitations of conventional SSEs. A high ionic conductivity of 0.89â mS cm-1 and a low activation energy of 0.23â eV are obtained due to the optimized three-dimensional Li+ migration network of Li3 PW12 O40 . Li3 PW12 O40 exhibits a wide window of electrochemical stability that can both accommodate the Li anode and high-voltage cathodes. As a result, all-solid-state Li metal batteries fabricated with Li/Li3 PW12 O40 /LiNi0.5 Co0.2 Mn0.3 O2 display a stable cycling up to 100 cycles with a cutoff voltage of 4.35â V and an areal capacity of more than 4â mAh cm-2 , as well as a cost-competitive SSEs price of $5.68â kg-1 . Moreover, Li3 PMo12 O40 homologous to Li3 PW12 O40 was obtained via isomorphous substitution, which formed a low-resistance interface with Li3 PW12 O40 . Applications of Li3 PW12 O40 and Li3 PMo12 O40 in Li-air batteries further demonstrate that long cycle life (650 cycles) can be achieved. This strategy provides a facile, low-cost strategy to construct efficient and scalable solid polyoxometalate electrolytes for high-energy solid-state Li metal batteries.
ABSTRACT
Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with high ionic conductivity and superior stability are considered to be a key technology for the safe operation of solid-state lithium batteries. However, current SSEs are incapable of meeting the requirements for practical solid-state lithium batteries. Here we report a general strategy for achieving high-performance SSEs by engineering polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs). Taking advantage of the interconnected ion pathways generated from the ionizable groups, high ionic conductivity (1.06×10-3 â S cm-1 at 25 °C) is achieved for the PIMs-based SSEs. The mechanically strong (50.0â MPa) and non-flammable SSEs combine the two superiorities of outstanding Li+ conductivity and electrochemical stability, which can restrain the dendrite growth and prevent Li symmetric batteries from short-circuiting even after more than 2200â h cycling. Benefiting from the rational design of SSEs, PIMs-based SSEs Li-metal batteries can achieve good cycling performance and superior feasibility in a series of withstand abuse tests including bending, cutting, and penetration. Moreover, the PIMs-based SSEs endow high specific capacity (11307â mAh g-1 ) and long-term discharge/charge stability (247â cycles) for solid-state Li-O2 batteries. The PIMs-based SSEs present a powerful strategy for enabling safe operation of high-energy solid-state batteries.
ABSTRACT
We developed a preconcentration method in which aerosol droplets containing enriched perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSs) are generated through bubble bursting and collected. The droplets were subjected to PFS analysis of perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) through surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry; silver nanoplates (AgNPts) were assisting materials. The method was highly efficient, with an approximately three-order magnitude enhancement (5 × 10-13 to 1 × 10-11 M). Ultralow PFS concentrations (0.5 ng/L of PFOS; 0.4 ng/L of PFHxS) were detected in preconcentrated tap water containing PFSs. Our method has potential for rapid real-world PFS detection in water.
ABSTRACT
A 12-weeks feeding trial was performed to investigate the possible effects of supplementation of Hybrid sturgeon diet with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (GB-9) and Yarrowia lipolytica lipase2 (YLL2) single or combined on immune response and growth performance of Hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenkii âand Acipenser baeri â). For this aim, Hybrid sturgeons were fed with four experimental diets namely: Diet 1 (0-control), Diet 2 (5.0 g/kg GB-9), Diet 3 (4.0 g/kg YLL2), and Diet 4 (5.0 g/kg GB-9 + 4.0 g/kg YLL2), respectively. After fed with varied diets, growth performance, mucosal immune response, leukocytes immune response and serum immunological response were measured. The results indicated that supplementations of GB-9 + YLL2 resulted in a significant increase in final weight, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentenoic acid (EPA) concentration, compared with that of control (p < 0.05). For innate immunity, the results showed that skin mucus lysozyme activity, leukocytes phagocytosis activity and reactive oxygen species level, and serum alternative complement pathway activity, peroxidase and lysozyme activity were significantly higher in supplemented groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). The highest values were recorded in fish fed both YLL2 and GB-9 with respect to the individual application. The present results suggested that the combination of these supplementation could be considered as potential feed-additives for aquaculture farmed fish.
Subject(s)
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens/chemistry , Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/administration & dosage , Fishes/growth & development , Fishes/immunology , Fungal Proteins/administration & dosage , Probiotics/pharmacology , Animal Feed/analysis , Animals , Breeding , Diet/veterinary , Dietary Supplements/analysis , Immunity, Innate/drug effects , Immunity, Mucosal/drug effects , Random AllocationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preventive effects and differences of NSAIDs combined with radiotherapy, NSAIDs and radiotherapy for heterotopic ossification(HO) after total hip arthroplasty(THA). METHODS: From February 2015 to July 2016, 168 hips undergoing primary THA were divided into group A, B and C, and 163 patients were followed up (54 cases and 54 hips in group A, 55 cases and 55 hips in group B, 54 cases and 54 hips in group C). Among group A, 5 hips were primary osteoarthritis, 37 hips were secondary osteoarthritis due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head, 12 hips were secondary osteoarthritis due to acetabular dysplasia. Patients in group A received oral celecoxib (0.2 g, 2 times a day) for 2 weeks after operation. Among group B, 6 hips were primary osteoarthritis, 32 hips were secondary osteoarthritis due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head, 17 hips were secondary osteoarthritis due to acetabular dysplasia, all of which in group B were treated with preoperative single 7 Gy radiotherapy. Among group C, 5 hips were primary osteoarthritis, 35 hips were secondary osteoarthritis due to avascular necrosis of the femoral head, 14 hips were secondary osteoarthritis due to acetabular dysplasia. Patients in group C were treated with preoperative radiotherapy and celecoxib after operation. The side effects of gastrointestinal reactions were observed after operation, and the heterotopic ossification was evaluated by pelvic anterior and posterior X-ray (Brooker grading). RESULTS: The mean clinical and radiological follow-up was 21 months(12 to 30 months). In group A, 54 hips were followed up with 7 hips with heterotopic ossification, including 5 hips of Brooker I and 2 hips of Brooker II. In group B, 55 hips were successfully followed up, with 8 hips of heterotopic ossification occurred, including 6 hips of Brooker I, 2 hips of Brooker II. In group C, 54 hips were successfully followed up, with 5 hips of heterotopic ossification occurred , including 4 hips of Brooker I, 1 hip of Brooker II. There was no significant difference in efficacy among 3 groups (χ²=0.743, P=0.690) by chi-square test. The prevalence of side effects were as following: in group A, there were 6 hips with side effects;in group B, there were 6 hips with side effects;in group C, there were 7 hips with side effects. There was also no significant difference in side effects among 3 groups (χ²=0.135, P=0.935). CONCLUSIONS: The combined-therapy group has lower prevalence of HO than the NSAIDs group or radiotherapy group, but the statistical difference between them is not significant. NSAIDs is still the first choice to prevent HO after THA.
Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Hip Dislocation , Ossification, Heterotopic , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Femur Head , Humans , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
During a screening procedure involving higher plants to find novel candidates for use as anti-inflammatory agents, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. was shown to exhibit considerable inhibitory activity. Five new sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids, tripterygiumines S-W (1-4,15), along with 14 known dihydroagarofuran derivatives, were isolated from the roots of the T. wilfordii Hook. f. Their structures were established by extensive use of spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity by measuring the nitric oxide production by the LPS-induced murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7. It was found that 1, 5, and 19 possessed potent nitric oxide inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 2.99 to 28.80 µM, without any effect on the cell viability of RAW264.7 cells. Accordingly, compounds 1, 5, and 19, especially 5, were identified as promising candidates for further scientific investigation of their potential use as anti-inflammatory agents.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes/chemistry , Tripterygium/chemistry , Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification , Mice , Molecular Structure , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Plant Roots/chemistry , RAW 264.7 Cells , Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Due to declining fishery resources and the growing development of conservation aquaculture, artificial freshwater fish enhancement and releasing have begun to replace traditional means of recovering endemic and rare fish populations. Artificial proliferation can be beneficial both to endemic fish conservation and technical bottleneck breakthroughs. This overview presents a review of the latest research and the underlying principles behind the conservation implementation processes, as well as the research status of artificial enhancement and release of endangered freshwater fish species in China, such as Mylopharyngodon piceus, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, H. nobilis, Acipenser sinensis, Myxocyprinus asiaticus, and Sinocyclocheilus grahami. The overview also presents evolutionarily significant units, sperm and egg quality, and cryopreservation technologies and cell cultures used in artificial enhancement and release, which help standardize genetic management and minimize the genetic differences between hatched and wild populations. Monitoring fish from cultivation to release is essential to evaluating wild population recovery and adjusting recovery plans. Moreover, the remaining problems of artificial releases are discussed in-depth, touching on issues such as the limitations of domestic hatching, the base number of wild populations necessary to the environment, the proper size at which to release juveniles' into the environment, the geographic confusion of populations, the contradictions in commercial fish selection and fish conservation, and "exotic species" invasion.
Subject(s)
Conservation of Natural Resources/methods , Fisheries/methods , Fishes/growth & development , Animals , Ecosystem , Fresh WaterABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the risk of osteoporotic fracture in old people and the spinal morphology. METHODS: From June 2010 to January 2011, 107 old people's BMD of femoral neck were measured by Dual energy X-ray. A questionnaire survey on fracture risk factors of the 107 aged and data collection were adopted. Among the aged,41 were male and 66 were female,ranging in age from 48 to 82 years old,with an averaged of (67 +/- 6) years old. The fracture risk assessment tools (FRAX) recommended by WHO were adopted. A risk assessment on osteoporotic fracture in old people was done,followed with the calculation of the probability of the hip fracture and the main bone fractures (spine,hip,forearm or shoulder fractures) in ten years. The angles of spine vertebra, spine curvature in the upright positions of the old people were measured by using Spinalmouse. The correlation analysis along with curve fitting analysis between the probability of fracture risk and included angles of spine vertebra, spine curvature were done. RESULTS: The probability of osteoporotic fracture had a positive relation with thoracic vertebra T7 and T8, thoracic spine curvature,lumbar curvature and incline angle in upright position (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The old people's morphological characteristics of spine have the ability to reflect the risk level o osteoporotic fracture.
Subject(s)
Osteoporotic Fractures/etiology , Spinal Curvatures/complications , Spinal Fractures/etiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , RiskABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the expression profile of microRNAs in inoperable advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving chemotherapy and the potential relevance of microRNAs to clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. METHODS: Serum samples were taken from 260 inoperable advanced NSCLC patients and 260 healthy individuals. All the patients received cisplatin-based chemotherapy, including NP/NC regimens, GP/GC regimens, and TP/TC regimens. The serum levels of microRNAs (miR-125b, miR-10b, miR-34a and miR-155) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: Serum levels of the 4 microRNAs examined in NSCLC patients were significantly increased as compared with healthy individuals. The levels of miR-125b and miR-155 were changed in a similar pattern: the patients with stage IV disease had the highest one, while the patients with stage III A and stage III B disease showed similar increased levels. The levels of miR-10b and miR-34a in the patients with different stages were increased to similar extent. The level of miR-125b in poorly differentiated cancer was significantly higher than those in well and moderately differentiated cancers, while the levels of miR-10b, miR-34a, and miR-155 did not significantly differ with cancer differentiation. Among the 4 microRNAs examined, only miR-125b was significantly associated with therapeutic response, exhibiting higher expression levels in non-responsive patients. Furthermore, the high level of miR-125b was significantly correlated with poor patient survival. A multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the expression level of miR-125b was an independent prognostic marker in NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that miR-125b is a potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for NSCLC. This finding has important implications for development of targeted therapeutics to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance in NSCLC.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy , Cisplatin/therapeutic use , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy , MicroRNAs , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/blood , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Cohort Studies , Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Lung/drug effects , Lung/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/blood , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Male , MicroRNAs/blood , Middle Aged , PrognosisABSTRACT
Group II and III metabolic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are responsible for the glutamate-mediated postsynaptic excitation of neurons. Previous pharmacological evidences show that activation of mGluR7 could inhibit nociceptive reception. However, the distribution and expression patterns of mGluR7 after peripheral injury remain unclear. Herein we found that mGluR7 was expressed in the rat peptidergic dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and large neurons, but rarely in isolectin B4 positive neurons. Sciatic nerve ligation experiment showed that mGluR7 was anterogradely transported from cell body to the peripheral site. Furthermore, after peripheral nerve injury, mGluR7 expression was down-regulated in both peptidergic and large DRG neurons. Our work suggests that mGluR7 might be involved in the regulation of pathological pain after peripheral nerve injury.
Subject(s)
Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism , Peripheral Nerve Injuries/metabolism , Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/metabolism , Sciatic Nerve/injuries , Animals , Down-Regulation , Male , Neurons/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Abnormal posture and spinal mobility have been demonstrated to cause functional impairment in the quality of life, especially in the postmenopausal osteoporotic population. Most of the literature studies focus on either thoracic kyphosis or lumbar lordosis, but not on the change of the entire spinal alignment. Very few articles reported the spinal alignment of Chinese people. The purpose of this study was threefold: to classify the spinal curvature based on the classification system defined by Satoh consisting of the entire spine alignment; to identify the change of trunk mobility; and to relate spinal curvature to balance disorder in a Chinese population. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: 450 osteoporotic volunteers were recruited for this study. Spinal range of motion and global curvature were evaluated noninvasively using the Spinal-Mouse® system and sagittal postural deformities were characterized. RESULTS: We found a new spine postural alignment consisting of an increased thoracic kyphosis and decreased lumbar lordosis which we classified as our modified round back. We did not find any of Satoh's type 5 classification in our population. Type 2 sagittal alignment was the most common spinal deformity (38.44%). In standing, thoracic kyphosis angles in types 2 (58.34°) and 3 (58.03°) were the largest and lumbar lordosis angles in types 4 (13.95°) and 5 (-8.61°) were the smallest. The range of flexion (ROF) and range of flexion-extension (ROFE) of types 2 and 3 were usually greater than types 4 and 5, with type 1 being the largest. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The present study classified and compared for the first time the mobility, curvature and balance in a Chinese population based on the entire spine alignment and found types 4 and 5 to present the worst balance and mobility. This study included a new spine postural alignment classification that should be considered in future population studies.
Subject(s)
Osteoporosis/physiopathology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Lumbar Vertebrae/physiopathology , Middle Aged , Range of Motion, Articular , Spinal Curvatures/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and analyze perioperative complications. METHODS: From March 2000 to March 2010, 19 patients (23 hips, of them, 4 patients with bilateral hips) with Crowe type IV DDH underwent THA. There were 5 males and 14 females, with average age of 61.3 years (ranged, 41 to 72 years). All hips were treated with small acetabular components combined with medial protrusion technique in acetabular reconstruction, as well as subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy in femur. Joint function of hips were evaluated according to Harris scoring. RESULTS: All patients were followed up with an average of 4.2 years (ranged, 1 to 8 years). Postoperative X-ray films showed all acetabular prosthesis were in true acetabulum. No loosening and nonunion were found in all patients. Harris scoring improved from preoperative 34.0 +/- 6.9 to postoperative 85.0 +/- 7.5. Complications occurred in 11 cases in the patients, including femoral split fracture in 3 cases, nerve injury in 3 cases, delayed union in 2 cases, dislocation in 3 cases. CONCLUSION: Total hip arthroplasty using small acetabular component, medial protrusion, femoral subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy technique for the Crowe type IV DDH can effectively restore hip function and leg length. But incidence of complications is high. The long-term follow-up is necessary for further study.