ABSTRACT
The AE and damage characteristics of three types of pore-structured rock under the same working conditions are studied by means of uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading tests. The results suggest that with repeated loading and unloading, AE ringing increases as a "jump", and the denser the structure, the earlier the "jump" occurs. The AE cumulative energy shows a "step" upward trend, but there is a significant difference in the "step" spacing. By comparing the energy distribution of rocks with different pore structures, it can be seen that the smaller the porosity and the smaller the pore size, the greater the energy input and storage, and the earlier the internal failure. Compared with the other two energy-based damage calculation methods, the damage calculation method defined in this paper is closer to the true internal damage level of the rock loading cycle. The NSE value of the modified damage variable calculation method was significantly improved and it was shown that the dissipated energy before pore compaction is the main energy causing damage, after pore compaction the combined effects of dissipated energy and plastic deformation energy result in rock damage.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to investigate the hypotensive and vasodilator effects of daidzein sulfates, a water-solubility derivative of daidzein. Tail cuff blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) was measured with non-invasive Electro-Sphygmomanometer. An isometric tension of rat mesenteric artery ring segments was recoded in vitro on a myograph. The results showed that daidzein sulfates (20 and 40 mg/kg) could decrease blood pressure of SHR in single dose and multi-doses. Daidzein sulfates (1-100 microM) inhibited the contraction of rat mesenteric arterial ring segments induced by norepinephrine (NA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Daidzein sulfates (100-1000 microM) inhibited arterial segment's contraction induced by KCl and CaCl(2). The concentration- contractive curves were shifted toward right in a non-parallel manner with decreased E(max.) Daidzein sulfaltes inhibited the extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent contraction. Daidzein sulfates of 100 and 300 microM significantly inhibited the contraction induced by CaCl(2) in Ca(2+)-free solution, which is an extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent contraction; but daidzein sulfates did not inhibit the intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent NA-induced contraction, in Ca(2+)-free solution. The results suggest that daidzein sulfates possess significant hypotensive and vasodilator effects which mainly derive from artery smooth muscle cells by inhibiting the receptor-mediated Ca(2+)-influx.
Subject(s)
Hypertension/drug therapy , Isoflavones/pharmacology , Phytoestrogens/pharmacology , Sulfuric Acid Esters/pharmacology , Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Calcium/metabolism , Calcium Chloride/pharmacology , Hypertension/physiopathology , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Mesenteric Arteries/drug effects , Mesenteric Arteries/physiology , Mesenteric Arteries/physiopathology , Norepinephrine/pharmacology , Potassium Chloride/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Inbred SHR , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Serotonin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish a specific method for determination of IgG in IVIG. METHODS: The IVIG samples were disposed by acylation and analyzed by Rocket Immunoelectrophoresis. The amount of the IgG in IVIG was calculated by an IgG standard curve. RESULTS: The standard curve by this method has a very good linear relationship: r = 0.9967. The reproducibilities with 3 bathes of IVIG samples (n = 6) are 5.37% +/- 0.21%, 5.28% +/- 0.39% and 5.80% +/- 0.30%. CONCLUSION: This method could be adapted to regular assay in blood products.
