Value of Multimodal Data From Clinical and Sonographic Parameters in Predicting Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Curative Treatment.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the work described here was to assess the value of the combination of pre-operative multimodal data-including clinical data, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) information and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) based on 2-D shear wave elastography (SWE)-in predicting early (within 1 y) and late (after 1 y) recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative treatment. METHODS: We retrospectively included 101 patients with HCC who met the Milan criteria and received curative treatment. The multimodel data from clinical parameters, LSM by 2-D SWE and CEUS enhancement patterns were collected. The association between different variables in HCC recurrence was accessed using a Cox proportional hazard model. On the basis of the independent factors of early recurrence, models with different source variables were established (Clinical Model, CEUS-Clinical Model, SWE-Clinical Model, CEUS-SWE-Clinical Model). The goodness-of-fit of models was evaluated and the performance trends of different models were calculated by time-dependent area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: Two-dimensional SWE, CEUS enhancement patterns and clinical parameters (spleen length, multiple tumors, α-fetoprotein, albumin and prothrombin time) were independently associated with early recurrence (all p values <0.05). Multiple tumors and a decrease in albumin independently contributed to the late recurrence. The model fit of CEUS-SWE-Clinical Model was superior to other models in predicting early recurrence (all p values <0.05). The AUCs of the CEUS-Clinical Model were higher from 2 mo to 7 mo, while the SWE-Clinical Model had higher AUCs from 9 mo to 12 mo. CONCLUSION: CEUS enhancement patterns and 2-D SWE were independent predictors of HCC early recurrence as the two factors contributed to the predictive performance at different times. The multimodal model, which included diverse data in predicting early HCC recurrence, had the best goodness-of-fit.

Environmental factors and host genotype control foliar epiphytic microbial community of wild soybeans across China.

Introduction: The microbiome inhabiting plant leaves is critical for plant health and productivity. Wild soybean (Glycine soja), which originated in China, is the progenitor of cultivated soybean (Glycine max). So far, the community structure and assembly mechanism of phyllosphere microbial community on G. soja were poorly understood. Methods: Here, we combined a national-scale survey with high-throughput sequencing and microsatellite data to evaluate the contribution of host genotype vs. climate in explaining the foliar microbiome of G. soja, and the core foliar microbiota of G. soja were identified. Results: Our findings revealed that both the host genotype and environmental factors (i.e., geographic location and climatic conditions) were important factors regulating foliar community assembly of G. soja. Host genotypes explained 0.4% and 3.6% variations of the foliar bacterial and fungal community composition, respectively, while environmental factors explained 25.8% and 19.9% variations, respectively. We further identified a core microbiome thriving on the foliage of all G. soja populations, including bacterial (dominated by Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum, Pantoea, Quadrisphaera, Pseudomonas, and Sphingomonas) and fungal (dominated by Cladosporium, Alternaria, and Penicillium) taxa. Conclusion: Our study revealed the significant role of host genetic distance as a driver of the foliar microbiome of the wild progenitor of soya, as well as the effects of climatic changes on foliar microbiomes. These findings would increase our knowledge of assembly mechanisms in the phyllosphere of wild soybeans and suggest the potential to manage the phyllosphere of soya plantations by plant breeding and selecting specific genotypes under climate change.

Study on the correlation between B vitamins and breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Relevant studies suggest that serum vitamin level is related to the risk of breast cancer, and dietary pattern and drug supplementation can significantly affect the level of vitamin in the body. Therefore, intervention of vitamin level in the body is expected to be a potential strategy to reduce the risk of breast cancer. However, the current epidemiological findings of serum vitamin levels and breast cancer risk are inconsistent, and the relationship between serum vitamin and breast cancer is still controversial. In this study, we compared the serum vitamin expression levels of healthy people, benign breast patients, and breast cancer patients, and evaluated the relationship between B vitamin levels and breast cancer risk. METHODS: The study used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine the serum vitamin levels of 520 people who attended Yunnan Cancer Hospital from September 2020 to December 2020. After screening by exclusion criteria, 38 patients with benign breast diseases, 87 patients with breast cancer and 91 healthy controls were finally included. The kruskal-wallis H test was used to compare the differences in serum vitamin levels of subjects. Χ2 test was used to evaluate the relationship between B vitamin level and age,BMI,TNM staging,Ki-67,Her-2,surgery and chemotherapy, and other baseline characteristics and through binary logistic regression analysis, calculating odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the relationship between B vitamins and breast cancer risk. CONCLUSION: The levels of VitB1 and VitB5 in the serum of breast cancer patients and patients with benign breast diseases were higher than those in the healthy control group, while the expression levels of VitB3 in breast cancer patients were lower than those in the healthy control group and the breast benign disease groups. The level of VitB1 was positively correlated with breast cancer risk. The VitB3 level was negatively correlated with breast cancer risk. The VitB5 level is not significantly related to the risk of breast cancer.

Distinctive Structure and Assembly of Phyllosphere Microbial Communities between Wild and Cultivated Rice.

Wild rice has been demonstrated to possess enriched genetic diversity and multiple valuable traits involved in disease/pest resistance and abiotic stress tolerance, which provides a potential resource for sustainable agriculture. However, unlike the plant compartments such as rhizosphere, the structure and assembly of phyllosphere microbial communities of wild rice remain largely unexplored. Through amplicon sequencing, this study compared the phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities of wild rice and its neighboring cultivated rice. The core phyllosphere microbial taxa of both wild and cultivated rice are dominated with Pantoea, Methylobacterium, Nigrospora, and Papiliotrema, which are potentially beneficial to rice growth and health. Compared to the cultivated rice, Methylobacterium, Sphingomonas, Phaeosphaeria, and Khuskia were significantly enriched in the wild rice phyllosphere. The potentially nitrogen-fixing Methylobacterium is the dominated wild-enriched microbe; Sphingomonas is the hub taxon of wild rice networks. In addition, the microbiota of wild rice was more governed by deterministic assembly with a more complicated and stable community network than the cultivated rice. Our study provides a list of the beneficial microbes in the wild rice phyllosphere and reveals the microbial divergence between wild rice and cultivated rice in the original habitats, which highlights the potential selective role of wild rice in recruiting specific microbiomes for enhancing crop performance and promoting sustainable food production. IMPORTANCE Plant microbiota are being considered a lever to increase the sustainability of food production under a changing climate. In particular, the microbiomes associated with ancestors of modern cultivars have the potential to support their domesticated cultivars. However, few efforts have been devoted to studying the biodiversity and functions of microbial communities in the native habitats of ancestors of modern crop species. This study provides a list of the beneficial microbes in the wild rice phyllosphere and explores the microbial interaction patterns and the functional profiles of wild rice. This information could be useful for the future utilization of the plant microbiome to enhance crop performance and sustainability, especially in the framework of sustainable agroecosystems.

Overview on the modern development of fire needling device: from tradition to innovation / 中国针灸

The appropriate needle device is crucial for obtaining the curative effect of fire needling therapy. The article introduces the material specification, clinical operation, indications, characteristics and advantages of the contemporary traditional fire needling devices (e.g. He's fire needle and Shi 's fire needle) and the contemporary new-type ones (e.g. fire needling with filiform needle and micro-needle); and determines the innovations of modern fire needling. It is anticipated that the needle specifications, production process and operation standard of fire needling devices should be further unified so as to provide the references for the selection of fire needling devices in treatment based on clinical syndrome differentiation and expand the clinical application of fire needling therapy.

An update on renal fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies with a focus on extracellular vesicles

The increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global public health concern. Despite the complicated pathogenesis of CKD, renal fibrosis represents the most common pathological condition, comprised of progressive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the diseased kidney. Over the last several decades, tremendous progress in understanding the mechanism of renal fibrosis has been achieved, and corresponding potential therapeutic strategies targeting fibrosis-related signaling pathways are emerging. Importantly, extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute significantly to renal inflammation and fibrosis by mediating cellular communication. Increasing evidence suggests the potential of EV-based therapy in renal inflammation and fibrosis, which may represent a future direction for CKD therapy.

Inter-reader agreement of CEUS LI-RADS among radiologists with different levels of experience.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the inter-reader agreement of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2017 (LI-RADS v2017) categories among radiologists with different levels of experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2014 to December 2014, a total of 326 patients at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent CEUS were included in this retrospective study. All lesions were classified according to LI-RADS v2017 by six radiologists with different levels of experiences: two residents, two fellows, and two specialists. Kappa coefficient was used to assess consistency of LI-RADS categories and major features among radiologists with different levels of experience. The diagnostic performance of HCC was described by accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS: Inter-reader agreement among radiologists of different experience levels was substantial agreement for arterial phase hyperenhancement, washout appearance, and early or late washout. Inter-reader agreement for LI-RADS categories was moderate to substantial. When LR-5 was used as criteria to determinate HCC, the AUC of LI-RADS for HCC was 0.67 for residents, 0.72 for fellows, and 0.78 for specialist radiologists. When compared between residents and specialists, accuracy, sensitivity, and AUC were significantly different (all p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in specificity, PPV, and NPV between the two groups. CONCLUSION: CEUS LI-RADS showed good diagnostic consistency among radiologists with different levels of experience, and consistency increased with experience levels. KEY POINTS: • The inter-reader agreement for LI-RADS categories was moderate to substantial agreement (κ, 0.60-0.80). • When compared between residents and specialists, accuracy, sensitivity, and AUC showed significantly different (all p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences for specificity, PPV, and NPV between these two groups. • Among the radiologists with more than 1 year of experience, there was no significant difference in the diagnostic performance of HCC, suggesting that CEUS LI-RADS is a good standardized categorization system for high-risk patients.

Sulfonated covalent organic framework modified separators suppress the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have gained intense research enthusiasm due to their high energy density. Nevertheless, the 'shuttle effect' of soluble polysulfide (a discharge product) reduces their cycling stability and capacity, thus restricting their practical application. To tackle this challenging issue, we herein report a sulfonated covalent organic framework modified separator (SCOF-Celgard) that alleviates the shuttling of polysulfide anions and accelerates the migration of Li+ions. Specifically, the negatively charged sulfonate can inhibit the same charged polysulfide anion through electrostatic repulsion, thereby improving the cycle stability of the battery and preventing the Li-anode from being corroded. Meanwhile, the sulfonate groups may facilitate the positively charged lithium ions to pass through the separator. Consequently, the battery assembled with the SCOF-Celgard separator exhibits an 81.1% capacity retention after 120 cycles at 0.5 C, which is far superior to that (55.7%) of the battery with a Celgard separator. It has a low capacity degradation of 0.067% per cycle after 600 cycles at 1 C, and a high discharge capacity (576 mAh g-1) even at 2 C. Our work proves that the modification of a separator with a SCOF is a viable and effective route for enhancing the electrochemical performance of a LSB.

Analysis and process improvement concerning adverse events to insufficient plasma transfusion / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the root causes of adverse events to insufficient plasma transfusion, so as to explore improvement measures, optimize the transfusion strategy and avoid such adverse events. 【Methods】 The root causes of insufficient plasma transfusion were analyzed by health care failure mode and effect analysis, the targeted improvement measures were formulated and the effect was evaluated. 【Results】 After the improvement, the incidence of adverse events to insufficient plasma transfusion decreased significantly.The risk priority value affecting the safety of blood transfusion decreased from 70 to 8, and the proportion of coagulation function test after blood transfusion increased from 44.61%(1 309/2 934)in 2012 to 80.55% (2 187/2 715)in 2019, and plasma transfusion volume per capital increased from 300 mL to 528 mL. PT and APTT values after plasma transfusion in 2019 significantly increased compared with those in 2012. Meanwhile, the proportion of plasma transfusion in hospitalized patients decreased from 3.16% (2 934/92 838)to 2.12%(2 715/128 352). 【Conclusion】 Risk management of quality and safety of blood transfusion by combing healthcare failure mode, effect analysis and root cause analysis(RCA) can improve the risk awareness of clinical blood transfusion, optimize the proportion of plasma transfusion, and is essential to ensure the safety and effectiveness of blood transfusion and improve the prognosis of transfused patients.

Hydrophilic Flexible Ether Containing, Cross-Linked Anion-Exchange Membrane Quaternized with DABCO.

Anion-exchange membranes (AEM) with high ion content usually suffer from excessive water absorption and dilution effects that impair conductivity and mechanical properties. We herein report a novel ether containing a cross-linking strategy without adopting high ion-exchange capacity (IEC). The ether-containing cross-links and the quaternized structure are created simultaneously by introducing an ether-containing flexible hydrophilic spacer between two 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2,2]octane or DABCO molecules; the resultant bi-DABCO structure was further employed to react with chloromethylated polysulfone. The long spacer with the ether moiety may benefit the hydroxide ion transport, and the cross-links will control the swelling and water absorption of the AEM. The two ether groups in the long spacer of the cross-links will also shield the DABCO cation from OH- attack due to an electron-donating effect. The prepared membranes exhibited an improved conductivity of 31 mS/cm (at 25 °C) at a comparatively low IEC (1.08 mmol/g) with a rational water absorption and low swelling ratio (95.0 and 27.1%, respectively); they also displayed an enhanced alkaline stability in 1 M NaOH aqueous solution at 80 °C for 150 h. The density functional theory study and physical characterization after the alkaline treatment further confirm the better chemical stability of the cross-linked membrane over its counterpart. Our work presents an effective strategy to balance AEM conductivity and robustness.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and stromal cell-derived factor-1 combination therapy: A more effective treatment for cerebral ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND: Drugs that promote angiogenesis include statins, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and stromal cell-derived factor-1. Low doses of atorvastatin could significantly increase the vascular expressions of endothelial growth factor, and the number of peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), thus improving angiogenesis and local blood flow. G-CSF is an EPC-mobilization agent used in ischemia studies for targeting angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia via EPCs. In previous clinical trials, consistent conclusions have not been reached about the effectiveness of G-CSF on ischemic stroke. Therefore, the therapeutic effect of G-CSF and its combination with other medicines need further experimental verification. It is known that atorvastatin, rhG-CSF, and SDF-1 are considered the most promising neuroprotective candidates, but a comprehensive comparison of their effects is lacking. AIMS: To compare the effects of atorvastatin, stromal cell-derived factor-1, and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on ischemic stroke. METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups: normal, sham-operated, and middle cerebral artery occlusion operated. Middle cerebral artery occlusion operated rats were further allocated into saline, atorvastatin, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor + stromal cell-derived factor-1 groups. Neurological function evaluation, cerebral infarction and the blood-brain barrier integrity analysis, identification of angiogenic factors, assessment of angiogenesis, expression of growth-associated protein-43, neuroglobin, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, and cleaved caspase 3, were performed. RESULTS: Compared with atorvastatin or recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor + stromal cell-derived factor-1 treatment improved neurological performance, reduced cerebral infarction and blood-brain barrier disruption after stroke, and increased the content of stromal cell-derived factor-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and basic fibroblast growth factor in peripheral blood. In addition, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor + stromal cell-derived factor-1 promoted greater angiogenesis than atorvastatin or recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone and increased the expression of growth-associated protein-43, neuroglobin, and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, while decreasing the levels of cleaved caspase 3 in the brain after ischemic stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and stromal cell-derived factor-1 is more effective than atorvastatin or recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor alone in protecting against stroke-induced damage and could be an optimal therapeutic strategy for stroke.

Amphoteric-Side-Chain-Functionalized "Ether-Free" Poly(arylene piperidinium) Membrane for Advanced Redox Flow Battery.

To solve the stability issue of cost-effective nonfluorinated membranes, an ether-free poly(arylene piperidinium) (PBPip)-based membrane is first applied in redox flow batteries (RFBs). For improved efficiencies of RFB, amphoteric side chains are introduced onto the PBPip. Without an ether bond in the polymer backbone, the membrane shows a good stability in a strong oxidation environment. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra exhibit no obvious changes over 30 days of oxidation test. Different from traditional blended amphoteric membranes, the amphoteric side chain allows both cation- and anion-exchange capacities to increase with grafting degree, which leads to a very high total ion-exchange capacity (IEC) (4.19 mmol g-1). Outstanding ion-conduction ability (area resistance: 0.22 Ω cm2) comparable to Nafion 212 (0.24 Ω cm2) is consequently achieved. Ionic cross-linking structure between cationic and anionic groups results in a low swelling rate (13.9%). Combined with the repelling effect of positively charged piperidinium, a low VO2+ permeability (1.31 × 10-8 cm2 s-1) is accomplished. On the basis of these good properties, the membrane exhibits excellent vanadium battery performances, especially at high current densities. The VE and EE both exceed 80% even at 200 mA cm-2. The battery performances have no obvious reductions after 500 cycles. These results indicate that this work provides a new orientation to design the membrane for RFB.

Influence of Building Direction on the Oxidation Behavior of Inconel 718 Alloy Fabricated by Additive Manufacture of Electron Beam Melting.

This research was aimed at investigating the high temperature oxidation behavior of Inconel 718 superalloy fabricated by electron beam melting with the building direction of 0°, 55° and 90° deviation from the Z axis of cylindrical samples. Columnar γ-fcc phase with preferred crystal orientations was found in all specimens. With the temperature ranging from 700 to 1000 °C, the 0° sample, symbolized by the lowest grain boundary density, and largest grain size, reveals the best oxidation performance. It is concluded that the building direction has more impact on the amount of grain boundary density than crystal orientation, which determined the oxidation resistance.

[Effects of auditory response patterns on stimulus-specific adaptation of inferior colliculus neurons in awake mice].

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether the pattern of neuron's auditory response to a sound stimulus affects the characteristics of stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA) in awake mice. METHODS: The auditory responses of the neurons in the inferior colliculus to sound stimuli were recorded using microelectrodes in awake mice. The sequence of sound stimuli consisted of random combinations of pure tones of two different frequencies (f1 and f2) with different repetition rates. The auditory responses of the neurons to standard and deviant stimuli were calculated, namely s(f2)/s(f2) and d(f1)/d(f2), respectively. Three indexes of the responses were also calculated, including the firing difference index (FDI), frequency-specific index (SI), and common SSA index(CSI). RESULTS: The CSI of neurons with a greater FDI was significantly higher than that of neurons with a smaller FDI (P < 0.05). The primary-like neurons showed different characteristics of SSAs in different time periods; SSA was significantly increased in the phase of sustained response compared with that at the onset of response (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The auditory response pattern to sound stimuli is also an important factor that affect SSA of inferior colliculus neurons in awake mice.

Effect of fermented biogas residue on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, and meat quality in pigs.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of fermented biogas residue (FBR) of wheat on the performance, serum biochemical parameters, and meat quality in pigs. METHODS: We selected 128 pigs (the mean initial body weight was 40.24±3.08 kg) and randomly allocated them to 4 groups (1 control group and 3 treatment groups) with 4 replicates per group and 8 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block design based on initial body weight and sex. The control group received a corn-soybean meal-based diet, the treatment group fed diets containing 5%, 10%, and 15% FBR, respectively (abbreviated as FBR5, FBR10, and FBR15, respectively). Every group received equivalent-energy and nitrogen diets. The test lasted 60 days and was divided into early and late stages. Blood and carcass samples were obtained on 60 d. Meat quality was collected from two pigs per pen. RESULTS: During the late stage, the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of the treatment groups was greater than that of the control group (p<0.05). During the entire experiment, the average daily gain of the treatment groups was higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). Fermented biomass residue did not significantly affect serum biochemical parameters or meat quality, but did affect amino acid profiles in pork. The contents of Asp, Arg, Tyr, Phe, Leu, Thr, Ser, Lys, Pro, Ala, essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids, and total amino acids in pork of FBR5 and FBR10 were greater than those of the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These combined results suggest that feeding FBR could increase the average daily gain and average daily feed intake in pigs and the content of several flavor-promoting amino acids.

Simultaneous determination of eleven components in Ginkgo biloba leaves by high performance liquid chromatography method / 中国中药杂志

To study Ginkgo biloba leaves in different producing area, we establish an HPLC method for the simultaneously determination of seven flavonoids glycosides and four biflavonoids in G. biloba leaves. The analysis was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) wich acetonitrile, and 0.4% phosphoric acid as mobile phase at flow rate of 1 mL•min⁻¹ in a gradient edution, and the detection was carried out at 254 nm.The calibration curves of the seven flavonoids glycosides and four biflavonoids had a good linearitiy with good recoveries. The established HPLC method is simple, rapid, accurate, reliable, and sensitive, and can be applied to the identification and quality control of G. biloba leaves.

Access management strategy of large medical equipment based on the government function reform and market development effect / 中国卫生政策研究

Based on the relationship between government and market,this paper analyzed the development process of large medical equipment configuration management strategy,and forecasted the trend of management.It is found that the development process of large equipment management in China can be divided into four stages:sprouting stage,management window period,growth stage,and transition period.The management model of the four stages,respectively,are integrated management,market-oriented management,quantitative control-based comprehensive supervision,and legal supervision.As per the analysis of this work,it was found that the sprouting of the regulation of industry standards,training professionals,management efficiency are low;market-oriented led to rapid growth in the number of equipment,with a low configuration efficiency;growth period of the number of regulatory norms of the market and equipment is reasonable to use;and the legal supervision in transition is taking shape.Currently,the lack of rational allocation of large-scale equipment in the hospitals is the main factor leading to market failure.In the legal framework,the government intervention with configuration permits is the major large-scale equipment configuration management model in the future.

Separation and preparation of epimers physanicantriol and 14-epi-physanicantriol from the leaves of Artemisia argyi / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To establish a method for the preparative separation and isolation of the epimeric labdenetriols,phy?sanicantriol(1)and 14-epi-physanicantriol(2),from the leaves of Artemisia argyi.Methods The CH2Cl2fraction of 95% EtOH ex?tract from the leaves of A.argyi was separated by Diaion HP-20,silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and purified by semi-preparative HPLC to obtain an epimeric mixture of 1 and 2.Then,the epimeric mixture was separated by silica gel H column chromatography with eluting by n-hexane-CH2Cl2-isopropyl alcohol(1:1:0.15,V/V/V)to obtain compounds 1 and 2.The structures of 1 and 2 were identified by comparing MS and NMR data with those reported in the literature.Results and Conclusion Two diterpe?noids were isolated for the first time from the family Compositae.This method is effective,convenient and rapid,and is suitable for the separation and preparation of the epimers 1 and 2.

Access management strategy of large medical equipment based on the government function reform and market development effect / 中国卫生政策研究

Based on the relationship between government and market,this paper analyzed the development process of large medical equipment configuration management strategy,and forecasted the trend of management.It is found that the development process of large equipment management in China can be divided into four stages:sprouting stage,management window period,growth stage,and transition period.The management model of the four stages,respectively,are integrated management,market-oriented management,quantitative control-based comprehensive supervision,and legal supervision.As per the analysis of this work,it was found that the sprouting of the regulation of industry standards,training professionals,management efficiency are low;market-oriented led to rapid growth in the number of equipment,with a low configuration efficiency;growth period of the number of regulatory norms of the market and equipment is reasonable to use;and the legal supervision in transition is taking shape.Currently,the lack of rational allocation of large-scale equipment in the hospitals is the main factor leading to market failure.In the legal framework,the government intervention with configuration permits is the major large-scale equipment configuration management model in the future.

Self-Assembled NaTb1-xEux(MoO4)2: Synthesis and Luminescence Properties.

Novel 3D Eu3+ doped NaTb(MoO4)2 composites were successfully self-assembled by a facile hydrothermal treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra were used to characterize the structures, morphologies and the luminescent properties of as-prepared products. Emission and excitation spectra showed that the phosphor exhibits a dominant red emission at 615 nm with excitation wavelength of 465 nm at room temperature. The emission intensity increased with the increase of Eu3+ concentrations for the investigated range of 2-10 mol% Eu3+ doping in NaTb(MoO4)2. The doping of Eu3+ results in a distorted Eu-0. cluster and enhanced luminescence intensity.