Evidence quality assessment of acupuncture intervention for stroke hemiplegia: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Objective: Summarize the conclusions of the systematic review/meta-analysis of the clinical efficacy of acupuncture for stroke hemiplegia, and evaluate its methodological quality and the quality of evidence. Methods: Two researchers searched and extracted 8 databases for systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs), and independently assessed the methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and quality of evidence of SRs/MAs included in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Tools used included the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias in Systematic (ROBIS) scale, the list of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. The search time is from database building to July 2023. Results: A total of 11 SRs/MAs were included, including 2 English literature and 9 Chinese literature, with all study sites in China. AMSTAR-2 evaluation results showed that the methodological quality of 11 articles was rated as very low quality; Based on the ROBIS evaluation results, the SRs/MAs was assessed as a high risk of bias; According to the results of the PRISMA checklist evaluation, most of the SRs/MAs reports are relatively complete; according to GRADE system, 42 outcomes were extracted from the included SRs/MAs for evaluation, of which 1 was rated as high-quality evidence, 14 as moderate-quality evidence, 14 as low-quality evidence, and 13 as very low-quality evidence. Conclusion: The available evidence indicates that acupuncture has certain clinical efficacy in the treatment of stroke hemiplegia. However, there are still some limitations to this study, such as the lower quality of SRs/MAs methodologies and evidence included, and more high-quality studies are needed to verify them.

Broadband, high-power optical frequency combs covering visible to near-infrared spectral range.

Optical frequency combs (OFCs) have become essential tools in a wide range of metrological and scientific research fields. However, in the reported literature, OFCs that cover the visible spectral range have a limited bandwidth and pulse energy. These drawbacks limit their potential applications, such as high-signal-to-noise ratio spectroscopic measurements. In this work, we demonstrate a broadband, high-power optical frequency comb covering the visible to near-infrared range (550 nm to 900 nm) with a high average power of approximately 300 mW. This is accomplished by the power scaling of optical pulses from a fully stabilized Er:fiber comb, coherent spectral broadening and finally the utilization of a PPLN's χ(2) nonlinearity. The broadband, high-power, fully stabilized visible OFCs showcased in this work offer reliable laser sources for high-precision spectroscopic measurements, imaging, and comparisons of optical clocks.

Ensemble learning-assisted prediction of prolonged hospital length of stay after spine correction surgery: a multi-center cohort study.

PURPOSE: This research aimed to develop a machine learning model to predict the potential risk of prolonged length of stay in hospital before operation, which can be used to strengthen patient management. METHODS: Patients who underwent posterior spinal deformity surgery (PSDS) from eleven medical institutions in China between 2015 and 2022 were included. Detailed preoperative patient data, including demographics, medical history, comorbidities, preoperative laboratory results, and surgery details, were collected from their electronic medical records. The cohort was randomly divided into a training dataset and a validation dataset with a ratio of 70:30. Based on Boruta algorithm, nine different machine learning algorithms and a stack ensemble model were trained after hyperparameters tuning visualization and evaluated on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), precision-recall curve, calibration, and decision curve analysis. Visualization of Shapley Additive exPlanations method finally contributed to explaining model prediction. RESULTS: Of the 162 included patients, the K Nearest Neighbors algorithm performed the best in the validation group compared with other machine learning models (yielding an AUROC of 0.8191 and PRAUC of 0.6175). The top five contributing variables were the preoperative hemoglobin, height, body mass index, age, and preoperative white blood cells. A web-based calculator was further developed to improve the predictive model's clinical operability. CONCLUSIONS: Our study established and validated a clinical predictive model for prolonged postoperative hospitalization duration in patients who underwent PSDS, which offered valuable prognostic information for preoperative planning and postoperative care for clinicians. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05867732, retrospectively registered May 22, 2023, https://classic. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/ct2/show/NCT05867732 .

Enhancing angiogenesis: Innovative drug delivery systems to facilitate diabetic wound healing.

Diabetic wounds (DW) constitute a substantial burden on global healthcare owing to their widespread occurrence as a complication of diabetes. Angiogenesis, a crucial process, plays a pivotal role in tissue recovery by supplying essential oxygen and nutrients to the injury site. Unfortunately, in diabetes mellitus, various factors disrupt angiogenesis, hindering wound healing. While biomaterials designed to enhance angiogenesis hold promise for the treatment of DWs, there is an urgent need for more in-depth investigations to fully unlock their potential in clinical management. In this review, we explore the intricate mechanisms of angiogenesis that are crucial for DW recovery. We introduce a rational design for angiogenesis-enhancing drug delivery systems (DDS) and provide a comprehensive summary and discussion of diverse biomaterials that enhance angiogenesis for facilitating DW healing. Lastly, we address emerging challenges and prospects in angiogenesis-enhancing DDS for facilitating DW healing, aiming to offer a comprehensive understanding of this critical healthcare issue and potential solutions.

Scientific evidence of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Background: It remains controversial whether sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) are effective in treating heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Purpose: The objective of this umbrella review is to provide a summary of the available evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of SGLT-2is for the treatment of HFpEF. Methods: We extracted pertinent systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) from PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library that were published between the inception of the database and December 31, 2022. Two independent investigators assessed the methodological quality, risk of bias, report quality, and evidence quality of the included SRs/MAs in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We further evaluated the overlap of the included RCTs by calculating the corrected covered area (CCA) and assessed the reliability of the effect size by performing excess significance tests. Additionally, the effect sizes of the outcomes were repooled to obtain objective and updated conclusions. Egger's test and sensitivity analysis were used to clarify the stability and reliability of the updated conclusion. Results: This umbrella review included 15 SRs/MAs, and their methodological quality, risk of bias, report quality, and evidence quality were unsatisfactory. The total CCA for 15 SRs/MAs was 23.53%, indicating a very high level of overlap. The excess significance tests did not reveal any significant results. Our updated MA demonstrated that the incidence of the composite of hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) or cardiovascular death (CVD), first HHF, total HHF, and adverse events as well as the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Total Symptom Score (KCCQ-TSS) and 6 min-walk distance (6MWD) were all substantially improved in the SGLT-2i intervention group compared to the control group. However, there was limited evidence that SGLT-2is could improve CVD, all-cause death, plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level, or plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level. Egger's test and sensitivity analysis proved that the conclusion was stable and reliable. Conclusions: SGLT-2 is a potential treatment for HFpEF with favourable safety. Given the dubious methodological quality, reporting quality, evidence quality, and high risk of bias for certain included SRs/MAs, this conclusion must be drawn with caution. Systematic Review Registration: https://inplasy.com/, doi: 10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0083, identifier INPLASY2022120083.

Efficacy of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Essential Hypertension: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.

Background: Acupuncture is widely used in the clinical treatment of essential hypertension (EH). This overview is aimed at summarizing current systematic reviews of acupuncture for EH and assessing the methodological bias and quality of evidence. Methods: Two researchers searched and extracted 7 databases for systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs) and independently assessed the methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and quality of evidence of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in the SRs/MAs. Tools used included the measurement tool to assess systematic reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), the risk of bias in systematic (ROBIS) scale, the checklist of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), and the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) system. Results: This overview included 14 SRs/MAs that use quantitative calculations to comprehensively assess the various effects of acupuncture in essential hypertension interventions. The methodological quality, reporting quality, risk of bias, and quality of evidence for outcome measures of SRs/MAs were all unsatisfactory. According to the results of the AMSTAR-2 assessment, all SRs/MAs were of low or very low quality. According to the results of the ROBIS evaluation, a few SRs/MAs were assessed as low risk of bias. According to the results of the PRISMA checklist assessment, SRs/MAs that were not fully reported on the checklist accounted for the majority. According to the GRADE system, 86 outcomes were assessed under different interventions in SRs/MAs, and 2 were rated as moderate-quality evidence, 23 as low-quality evidence, and 61 as very low-quality evidence. Limitations of the included SRs/MAs included the lack of necessary items, such as not being registered in the protocol, not providing a list of excluded studies, and not analyzing and addressing the risk of bias. Conclusion: Currently, acupuncture may be an effective and safe treatment for EH, but the quality of evidence is low, and caution should be exercised when applying this evidence in clinical practice.

Association between handgrip strength and heart failure in adults aged 45 years and older from NHANES 2011-2014.

Growing evidence indicates that handgrip strength (HGS) is a conspicuous marker for assessing some diseases affecting middle-aged and elderly individuals. However, research regarding HGS and heart failure (HF) is sparse and controversial. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between HGS and HF among adults aged 45 years and older in the United States. In this cross-sectional study, we included 4524 adults older than 45 years who were part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A generalized additive model was used to estimate the association between HGS and HF. Age, gender, race, income, education, body mass index, smoking status, drinking status, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, vigorous physical activity, total energy intake, total protein intake, total sugars intake, and total fat intake covariates were adjusted using multiple regression models. And further subgroup analysis was conducted. We documented 189 cases of HF, including 106 men and 83 women. HGS was negatively associated with HF after adjusting for all the covariates (odds ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval = 0.96-0.99; P < 0.001). Compared with the lowest quintile, the highest quintile was associated with an 82% lower incidence of HF (odds ratio = 0.18, 95% confidence interval = 0.08-0.43; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the results remained stable. In US adults older than 45, HGS was negatively associated with HF after adjusting for covariates. This finding had the potential to draw attention to the physiological and pathological effects of decreased muscle function on HF and may influence further prospective studies with intervention trials.

Relatlimab: a novel drug targeting immune checkpoint LAG-3 in melanoma therapy.

Relatlimab is a type of human immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal blocking antibody. It is the world's first Lymphocyte-Activation Gene-3 (LAG-3) inhibitor and the third immune checkpoint inhibitor with clinical application, following PD-1 and CTLA-4. Relatlimab can bind to the LAG-3 receptor which blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and its ligand to reduce LAG-3 pathway-mediated immunosuppression and promote T-cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell death. On 18 March 2022, the U.S. FDA approved the fixed-dose combination of relatlimab developed by Bristol Myers Squibb with nivolumab, under the brand name Opdualag for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma in adult and pediatric patients aged 12 and older. This study comprehensively describes the mechanism of action and clinical trials of relatlimab and a brief overview of immune checkpoint drugs currently used for the treatment of melanoma.

Quasi-real-time dual-comb spectroscopy with 750-MHz Yb:fiber combs.

We present quasi-real-time dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) using two Yb:fiber combs with ∼750 MHz repetition rates. A computational coherent averaging technique is employed to correct timing and phase fluctuations of the measured dual-comb interferogram (IGM). Quasi-real-time phase correction of 1-ms long acquisitions occurs every 1.5 seconds and is assisted by coarse radio frequency (RF) phase-locking of an isolated RF comb mode. After resampling and global offset phase correction, the RF comb linewidth is reduced from 200 kHz to ∼1 kHz, while the line-to-floor ratio increases 13 dB in power in 1 ms. Using simultaneous offset frequency correction in opposite phases, we correct the aliased RF spectrum spanning three Nyquist zones, which yields an optical coverage of ∼180 GHz around 1.035 µm probed on a sub-microsecond timescale. The absorption profile of gaseous acetylene is observed to validate the presented technique.

Association between testosterone levels and bone mineral density in females aged 40-60 years from NHANES 2011-2016.

Growing evidence indicates that testosterone is a conspicuous marker for assessing male bone mineral density (BMD). However, research regarding testosterone levels and BMD is sparse and controversial for females. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between testosterone levels and BMD among adult females aged 40-60 years in the United States. In this cross-sectional study, all participants were part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2016). A weighted general linear model was used to estimate the association between testosterone levels and lumbar BMD. Age, race, income level, education level, body mass index (BMI), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, serum uric acid (UA) level, serum calcium (Ca) level, serum phosphorus (P) level, the use of oral contraceptive pills, the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), smoking status, drinking status, and the use of corticosteroids were adjusted using a weighted multiple regression model. Subgroup analyses were performed using the same regression model. We included 2198 female participants in the study, and testosterone levels were positively associated with lumbar BMD after adjusting for all the covariates (ß = 1.12, 95% CI 0.31, 1.93). In subgroup analyses, the associations in the fourth quartile of testosterone levels were stronger for the participants aged 40-50 years old (quartile 4, ß = 42.92, 95% CI 7.53, 78.30 vs. quartile 1) and 50 to 60-year-old (quartile 4, ß = 32.41, 95% CI 0.14, 64.69 vs. quartile 1). Similar results were found in other subgroups, including subgroups for race (Non-Hispanic Black, Other), income level (income ≤ 1.3, income > 3.5), education level (college or higher), BMI > 25 kg/m2, BUN levels ≤ 20 mg/dL, UA levels ≤ 6 mg/dL, Ca levels ≤ 10.1 mg/dL, P levels ≤ 5 mg/dL, drinking status, never smoker, never taking birth control pills, and HRT user. There was no interaction among the covariates in the association between lumbar BMD and testosterone levels (P for interaction > 0.05). In US adult females aged 40-60 years, the testosterone level was a positive predictor of the lumbar BMD after adjusting for covariates.

Capturing Magnesium Ions via Microfluidic Hydrogel Microspheres for Promoting Cancellous Bone Regeneration.

Metal ions are important trace elements in the human body, which directly affect the human metabolism and the regeneration of damaged tissues. For instance, the advanced combination of magnesium ions (Mg2+) and bone repair materials make the composite materials have the function of promoting vascular repair and enhancing the adhesion of osteoblasts. Herein, inspired by magnets to attract metals, we utilized the coordination reaction of metal ion ligand to construct a bisphosphonate-functionalized injectable hydrogel microsphere (GelMA-BP-Mg) which could promote cancellous bone reconstruction of osteoporotic bone defect via capturing Mg2+. By grafting bisphosphonate (BP) on GelMA microspheres, GelMA-BP microspheres could produce powerful Mg2+ capture ability and sustained release performance through coordination reaction, while sustained release BP has bone-targeting properties. In the injectable GelMA-BP-Mg microsphere system, the atomic percentage of captured Mg2+ was 0.6%, and the captured Mg2+ could be effectively released for 18 days. These proved that the composite microspheres could effectively capture Mg2+ and provided the basis for the composite microspheres to activate osteoblasts and endothelial cells and inhibit osteoclasts. Both in vivo and in vitro experimental results revealed that the magnet-inspired Mg2+-capturing composite microspheres are beneficial to osteogenesis and angiogenesis by stimulating osteoblasts and endothelial cells while restraining osteoclasts, and ultimately effectively promote cancellous bone regeneration. This study could provide some meaningful conceptions for the treatment of osteoporotic bone defects on the basis of metal ions.

Efficacy and safety of Tian Meng oral liquid for the treatment of insomnia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of insomnia is very high and seriously affects the lives of its patients. Long-term insomnia can induce other diseases and even cause sudden death. Tian Meng oral liquid is a type of Chinese patent medicine that has been used in the clinical treatment of insomnia and has certain clinical effects. However, its wide application is limited by the lack of evidence-based medical evaluation. METHODS: Using retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials on Tian Meng oral liquid for insomnia were obtained from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, Chinese Scientific Journals Database PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and STATA 14.2 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. RESULTS: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tian Meng oral liquid in the treatment of insomnia and to provide a more reasonable option for clinical medication. CONCLUSION: Our findings will provide a strong basis for the effectiveness and safety of Tian Meng oral liquid in the treatment of insomnia.

Effects of different aerobic exercise training on glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes is an emergent worldwide health crisis, and rates are growing globally. Aerobic exercise is an essential measure for patients with diabetes, which has the advantages of flexible time and low cost. Aerobic exercise is a popular method to reduce blood glucose. Due to the lack of randomized trials to compare the effects of various aerobic exercises, it is difficult to judge the relative efficacy. Therefore, we intend to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate these aerobic exercises. METHODS: According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials on different aerobic exercise training will be obtained from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The network meta-analysis will be performed in Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and carried out with Stata14 and OpenBUGS software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. RESULTS: Eighteen literatures with a total of 1134 patients were included for the meta-analysis. In glycemia assessment, Tennis (standard mean difference = 3.59, credible interval 1.52, 5.65), had significantly better effects than the named control group. Tennis (standard mean difference = 3.50, credible interval 1.05, 5.59), had significantly better effects than the named Taiji group. CONCLUSION: All together, these results suggest that tennis may be the best way to improve blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study may provide an excellent resource for future control glycemia and may also serve as a springboard for creative undertakings as yet unknown.

Identification of 6 gene markers for survival prediction in osteosarcoma cases based on multi-omics analysis.

Multiple-omics sequencing information with high-throughput has laid a solid foundation to identify genes associated with cancer prognostic process. Multiomics information study is capable of revealing the cancer occurring and developing system according to several aspects. Currently, the prognosis of osteosarcoma is still poor, so a genetic marker is needed for predicting the clinically related overall survival result. First, Office of Cancer Genomics (OCG Target) provided RNASeq, copy amount variations information, and clinically related follow-up data. Genes associated with prognostic process and genes exhibiting copy amount difference were screened in the training group, and the mentioned genes were integrated for feature selection with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso). Eventually, effective biomarkers received the screening process. Lastly, this study built and demonstrated one gene-associated prognosis mode according to the set of the test and gene expression omnibus validation set; 512 prognosis-related genes (P < 0.01), 336 copies of amplified genes (P < 0.05), and 36 copies of deleted genes (P < 0.05) were obtained, and those genes of the mentioned genomic variants display close associations with tumor occurring and developing mechanisms. This study generated 10 genes for candidates through the integration of genomic variant genes as well as prognosis-related genes. Six typical genes (i.e. MYC, CHIC2, CCDC152, LYL1, GPR142, and MMP27) were obtained by Lasso feature selection and stepwise multivariate regression study, many of which are reported to show a relationship to tumor progressing process. The authors conducted Cox regression study for building 6-gene sign, i.e. one single prognosis-related element, in terms of cases carrying osteosarcoma. In addition, the samples were able to be risk stratified in the training group, test set, and externally validating set. The AUC of five-year survival according to the training group and validation set reached over 0.85, with superior predictive performance as opposed to the existing researches. Here, 6-gene sign was built to be new prognosis-related marking elements for assessing osteosarcoma cases' surviving state.

Plate Fixation versus Arthroscopic-Assisted Plate Fixation for Isolated Medium-Sized Fractures of the Greater Tuberosity: A Retrospective Study.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical outcomes of plate fixation and arthroscopic-assisted plate fixation in patients with displaced isolated medium-sized fractures of the greater tuberosity. METHODS: From July 2013 to October 2017, patients with displaced isolated medium-sized fractures of the greater tuberosity who underwent arthroscopic-assisted plate fixation (ASPF group) or open reduction and internal plate fixation (ORIF group) were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. There were 19 patients in the ASPF group and 27 patients in the ORIF group, with comparable demographic characteristics. The average age of patients was 49.4 ± 12.1 years in the ASPF group and 46.9 ± 11.4 years in the ORIF group. The shoulder function reflected by the Constant-Murley (CS) scores, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores, and the range of motion (ROM) in the both groups at the last follow-up were analyzed in the study. Surgery time, postoperative pain, and postoperative complications were also reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 46 eligible patients were included in this study. The mean follow-up was similar for the ASPF (19.4 ± 3.7 months) and the ORIF (18.2 ± 3.2 months) groups (P = 0.372). All patients had achieved primary incision healing in both groups at the last follow-up. The surgery time was 96.8 ± 11.7 min and 64.2 ± 8.3 min in the ASPF group and the ORIF group, respectively (P < 0.01). All the CS scores (P = 0.278), ASES scores (P = 0.426), and ROM were slightly better in the ASPF group than in the ORIF group, but they did not attain significant differences. In addition, there was no significant difference in the postoperative complication rate between the ASPF group (10.5%) and the ORIF group (18.5%) (P = 0.522). In the ASPF group, there was only one patient with postoperative shoulder stiffness and one case of fracture malunion. In the ORIF group, there were two cases of postoperative shoulder stiffness, two cases of fracture malunoin, and one case of subacromial impingement. Other major postoperative complications, such as fracture nonunion, pullout of the suture anchor, and screw penetration, were not observed in either group. CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic-assisted plate fixation is effective and may be an alternative in the treatment of displaced isolated medium-sized fractures of the greater tuberosity.

Prediction of a competing endogenous RNA co-expression network as a prognostic marker in glioblastoma.

Due to its high proliferation capacity and rapid intracranial spread, glioblastoma (GBM) has become one of the least curable malignant cancers. Recently, the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) hypothesis has become a focus in the researches of molecular biological mechanisms of cancer occurrence and progression. However, there is a lack of correlation studies on GBM, as well as a lack of comprehensive analyses of GBM molecular mechanisms based on high-throughput sequencing and large-scale sample sizes. We obtained RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Further, differentially expressed mRNAs were identified from normal brain tissue and GBM tissue. The similarities between the mRNA modules with clinical traits were subjected to weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). With the mRNAs from clinical-related modules, a survival model was constructed by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Thereafter, we carried out Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Finally, we predicted interactions between lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs by TargetScan, miRDB, miRTarBase and starBase. We identified 2 lncRNAs (NORAD, XIST), 5 miRNAs (hsa-miR-3613, hsa-miR-371, hsa-miR-373, hsa-miR-32, hsa-miR-92) and 2 mRNAs (LYZ, PIK3AP1) for the construction of a ceRNA network, which might act as a prognostic biomarker of GBM. Combined with previous studies and our enrichment analysis results, we hypothesized that this ceRNA network affects immune activities and tumour microenvironment variations. Our research provides novel aspects to study GBM development and treatment.

Medicine effectiveness comparisons of different physicotherapeutics for stroke patients with dysphagia: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common disorder after stroke. Physical therapy has been widely used in the rehabilitation of patients with dysphagia after stroke. Due to the lack of randomized trials directly comparing the efficacy of various physical therapies directly, the relative efficacy of these methods is difficult to determined. Therefore, we intend to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the benefits of these physical therapies. METHODS: According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on physical therapies for stroke patients with dysphagia will be obtained from CNKI, Wan Fang Data, PubMed, Web of science, Embase databases and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The network meta-analysis will be performed in Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method and carried out with Stata14 and OpenBUGS14 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. RESULTS: This study will compare the efficacy of physical therapies in the treatment of stroke patients with dysphagia and suggests a reasonable clinical choice. CONCLUSION: Our findings will provide references for future guidance developing and clinical decision.

Effectiveness comparison of nonpharmacological analgesia delivery methods: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Childbirth is a complex and special physiological process. Pain often accompanies the whole process of delivery. Long term pain will affect the physiological and psychological of pregnant women, and severe pain will affect the delivery process and the life of maternal and fetal. There are 2 ways to relieve delivery pain: drug analgesia and nonpharmacological analgesia. Nonpharmacological analgesia has less effect on the fetus than drug analgesia and is currently a more popular method for labor analgesia. Due to the lack of randomized trials comparing the efficacy of various nonpharmacological analgesia, it is still difficult to judge the relative efficacy. Therefore, we intend to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the benefit among these nonpharmacological analgesia. METHODS: According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials on nonpharmacological analgesia delivery will be obtained from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang,SinoMed, PubMed, Web of science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The network meta-analysis will be performed in Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and carried out with Stata14 and OpenBUGS14 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. RESULTS: This study will provide more reasonable choice for clinic than the effect of nonpharmacological analgesia in parturient delivery. CONCLUSION: Our findings will provide references for future guidance developing and clinical decision.INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202080097.

Effectiveness comparisons of different Chinese herbal injection therapies for acute cerebral infarction: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) has a high incidence, recurrence rate, and mortality. Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) are widely used in the substitution therapy of ACI. Due to the lack of randomized trials comparing the efficacy of various injections directly, it is still difficult to judge the relative efficacy. Therefore, we intend to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the benefit among these CHIs. METHODS: According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CHI therapies for ACI will be obtained from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The network meta-analysis will be performed in Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and carried out with Stata 14 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. RESULTS: This study will compare the efficacy and safety of CHIs in the treatment of ACI, and give a more reasonable choice. CONCLUSION: Our findings will provide references for future clinical decision and guidance developing.INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202060087.

Efficacy and safety of Shufeng Jiedu capsule for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: From the end of 2019 to the present, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has put considerable pressure on the worlds medical system and caused significant mortality and economic losses around the world. In China, the Shufeng Jiedu capsule has been widely used in the treatment of COVID-19, but there is still a lack of evidence-based medical evaluation. METHODS: According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the Shufeng Jiedu capsule for COVID-19 were obtained from CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date, or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and STATA 14.2 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. RESULTS: This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Shufeng Jiedu capsule in the treatment of COVID-19 and provide a more reasonable choice of medication in clinical practice. CONCLUSION: Our findings will provide references for future clinical decision and guidance development. REGISTRATION: INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202070024.