Guanidinoacetic Acid Attenuates Adipogenesis through Regulation of miR-133a in Sheep.

Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is an amino acid derivative, previously described in the skeletal muscle of vertebrates, that serves as an important regulator of cellular bioenergetics and has been widely used as a feed additive. Nevertheless, the effect of GAA on adipose tissue growth remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that dietary GAA negatively affected adipose tissue development in lambs. Lambs were individually fed diets with (0.09%) or without GAA for 70 d ad libitum, and the subcutaneous adipose tissues were sampled for analysis. The results showed that dietary GAA supplementation decreased the girth rib (GR) value (p < 0.01) of lamb carcasses. Both real-time PCR and Western blot analysis suggested that dietary GAA inhibited the expression of adipogenic markers, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ, p < 0.05), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα, p < 0.01) and sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1C, p < 0.01) in subcutaneous adipose tissue. In vitro, GAA inhibited sheep stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cell proliferation, which was associated with downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, p < 0.05), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK 4, p < 0.05) and cyclin D1 (p < 0.01). GAA suppressed adipogenesis of SVF cells. Furthermore, miRNA sequencing revealed that GAA affected the miRNA expression profile, and real-time PCR analysis confirmed that miR-133a expression in both subcutaneous adipose tissue and SVF cell was downregulated by GAA. Meanwhile, miR-133a promoted adipogenic differentiation of SVF cells by targeting Sirt1. miR-133a mimics alleviated the inhibitory effect of GAA on SVF cells' adipogenic differentiation. In summary, GAA attenuated adipogenesis of sheep SVF cells, which might occur through miR-133a-modulated Sirt1 expression.

Relationship of Frailty with Kidney Function in Adults More Than 60-Years-Old: Effect of Using Different Formulas to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate.

Objective: Determine the relationship of renal function with frailty using different formulas for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Methods: Individuals who were 60-years-old or more (n=507) were recruited from August 2020 to June 2021, and the FRAIL scale was used to classify them as non-frail or frail. The three equations used to compute the eGFR were based on serum creatinine (eGFRcr), cystatin C (eGFRcys), or SCr+CysC (eGFRcr-cys). Renal function was classified using eGFR and defined as normal (≥90 mL/min/1.73m2), mild damage (59-89 mL/min/1.73m2), or moderate damage (≤60 mL/min/1.73m2). The relationship of frailty with renal function was analyzed. A subset of participants (n=358) was used to analyze changes in eGFR from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2021 according to frailty and using the different eGFR equations. Results: There were significant differences between the eGFRcr-cys and eGFRcr values in the frail group (P<0.05), but not the non-frail group; however, the differences between the eGFRcr-cys and eGFRcys values were significant in the frail and non-frail groups (P<0.001). Based on each eGFR equation, the prevalence of frailty increased as eGFR decreased (P<0.001), but there was no significant relationship after adjusting for age or the age-adjusted Charlson co-morbidity index. There were temporal declines in eGFR in all three frailty groups (robust, pre-frail, and frail), especially in the frail group (2.226 mL/min/1.73m2 per year; P<0.001). Conclusion: For older individuals who are frail, the eGFRcr value may not provide accurate estimates of renal function. Frailty is associated with a rapid decline in kidney function.

Application of image super-resolution recognition and artificial intelligence system in repairing students' psychological education problems.

With the continuous development of society, people's life pressure is constantly increasing, and the mental health problems of college students are becoming increasingly prominent, bringing many challenges to their education and management. Universities should not only cultivate students' theoretical and professional knowledge and practical skills, but also attach importance to their mental health and effectively implement psychological education. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop and design a simple and effective student psychological evaluation system. As a new form of ideological and political transformation in universities in the era of big data, online ideological and political work has potential development space. It is necessary to carry out mental health education in universities, fully utilize online education forms, and improve ability of universities to repair mental health problems. Based on this, this system designs and implements software for typical image resolution based recognition and artificial intelligence. The use of B/S architecture in the development and use of. net technology and web server technology will enable more students to connect and use different terminals. In addition, an algorithm for image super-resolution recognition was proposed, which uses clustering convolution to improve residual blocks, improves modeling ability by extracting features on a larger scale, reduces the number of parameters to improve model calculation efficiency, and enables mental health educators and managers to work better. This article combines image super-resolution recognition technology with artificial intelligence technology to apply it to the process of psychological education in universities, thereby promoting the development of problem repair applications.

Analysis of changes in intestinal flora and intravascular inflammation and coronary heart disease in obese patients.

Changes in intestinal flora in obese patients and intravascular C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and coronary heart disease (CHD) were analyzed. A total of 75 cases of obese patients were divided into obesity (OB) alone (n=40) and OB with CHD group (n=35). There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, pre-existing basic diabetes, history of hypertension, and body mass index (P>0.05). Results showed that total bacterial load of CHD was obviously higher than that of OB group. The uric acid decomposed by intestinal flora (IFUA) and blood uric acid levels in CHD were higher than those in OB group, but the fecal uric acid level was lower than that of OB group (P<0.05). Levels of inflammatory factors in CHD, were significantly higher than those in OB group (P<0.05). Correlation analyses showed that the intestinal flora total load and CRP were positively correlated (r=0.793, P<0.001). Intestinal flora and Gensini score were also positively related to total load (r=0.893, P=0.893). Furthermore, CRP and Gensini score were positively related (r=0.796, P<0.796). IFUA and Gensini score were positively related to (r=0.647, P<0.001). Over-reaction in the flammation system in obese patients may lead to intestinal flora disorder, disturbance and also increased levels of IFUA and inflammatory factors.

Galangin Induces Autophagy via Deacetylation of LC3 by SIRT1 in HepG2 Cells.

Galangin suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis and autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, but the precise mechanism is not clear. In this study, we demonstrated that galangin induced autophagy, enhanced the binding of SIRT1-LC3 and reduced the acetylation of endogenous LC3 in HepG2 cells. But this autophagy was inhibited by inactivation of SIRT1 meanwhile, galangin failed to reduce the acetylation of endogenous LC3 after SIRT1 was knocked-down. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a new mechanism by which galangin induces autophagy via the deacetylation of endogenous LC3 by SIRT1.

Galangin suppresses HepG2 cell proliferation by activating the TGF-ß receptor/Smad pathway.

Galangin can suppress hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell proliferation. In this study, we demonstrated that galangin induced autophagy by activating the transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß receptor/Smad pathway and increased TGF-ß receptor I (RI), TGF-ßRII, Smad1, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4 levels but decreased Smad6 and Smad7 levels. Autophagy induced by galangin appears to depend on the TGF-ß receptor/Smad signalling pathway because the down-regulation of Smad4 by siRNA or inhibition of TGF-ß receptor activation by LY2109761 blocked galangin-induced autophagy. The down-regulation of Beclin1, autophagy-related gene (ATG) 16L, ATG12 and ATG3 restored HepG2 cell proliferation and prevented galangin-induced apoptosis. Our findings indicate a novel mechanism for galangin-induced autophagy via activation of the TGF-ß receptor/Smad pathway. The induction of autophagy thus reflects the anti-proliferation effect of galangin on HCC cells.

Study on combined transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy and hysteroscopy in patients with infertility / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To evaluate the advantages of combined transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy (THL) and hysteroscopy in patients with infertility. Methods Twenty-three primary infertile patients (primary group) and 23 secondary infertile patients (secondary group) were received THL (using a 3-mm scope with a 0? lens) and hysteroscopy. The fallopian tube patency, pelvic pathology, operative time, discharge time, healing time of vaginal wound, success rate of insertion into the pouch of Douglas and intra-and postoperative complications were observed. Results Primary group had more tube patency cases (P