ABSTRACT
AIMS: Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) was dysregulated in colorectal cancers (CRC) and promoted tumor progression of CRC. The aims of this study are to further investigate the underlying mechanism. MAIN METHODS: Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were applied for gene knockdown. microRNA mimic and pcDNA-UCA1 plasmids were transfected for miR-495 and UCA1 overexpression, respectively. MTT was applied to determine cell viability and sensitivity of 5-fluorouracil (FU). Transwell assays were performed to evaluate cell migration/invasion. Angiogenesis was evaluated by tube formation. Western blotting and quantitative PCR were utilized for protein and mRNA detection, respectively. The interaction of UCA1, miR-495 and SP1/SP3 were explored by dual-luciferase assay. RNA pulldown was adopted to determine the UCA1/miR-495 interaction. KEY FINDINGS: UCA1 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues. UCA1 enhanced cell proliferation, migration/invasion, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and resistance to 5-FU in CRC cell lines. MiR-495 was inversely correlated to the expression of UCA1. The results indicated that UCA1 sponged miR-495, leading to the disinhibition of SP1/SP3 expression. SP1/SP3 induced the expression of DNA methyltransferases and, in turn, contributed to UCA1 mediated tumor-promoting actions. Reduction of SP1/SP3 exerted anti-cancer effects, which can be reversed by forced expression of UCA1. SIGNIFICANCE: UCA1-miR-495-SP1/SP3 axis is dysregulated in CRC and contributed to malignant phenotypes of CRC. UCA1-SP1/SP3 may form a positive feedback loop in CRC.
Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics , Adult , Aged , Apoptosis/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement/genetics , Cell Proliferation/genetics , China , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics , RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism , Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics , Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism , Sp3 Transcription Factor/genetics , Sp3 Transcription Factor/metabolismABSTRACT
Remarkable progresses regarding pure inorganic frameworks and metal-organic frameworks (MOF) have been made. However, pure inorganic frameworks with MOF-like grid structures are rarely reported due to the weakness of inorganic moiety as a long linear linker. We report herein a fascinating inorganic framework assembled by a [Ge4S10]4- cluster node and a linear [-Cu-MS4-Cu-] (M = Mo (1) and W (2)) inorganic pillar. Their network shows MOF-like orthogonal structure with two interpenetrated two-dimensional (2D) plus 2D to 3D framework and a 1D nano tunnel. Electrodes with crystalline sample of 1 and 2, inorganic sulfide framework, were prepared, and their quasi-capacitance behaviors were investigated. Electrochemical performances were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques in CsOH, KOH, NaOH, and LiOH electrolytes. The results revealed that the crystal materials exhibit moderate specific capacitance values that are comparable to those of porous sulfide materials.
ABSTRACT
A great effort has been made to investigate 2D perovskites to improve the stability and controllability in the fabrication of photoelectronic devices. As far as we know, only small organic cations such as methylammonium can incorporate into the multilayered perovskite structure except the cations sandwiched between the inorganic layers. We report here a new layered lead iodide, (H2Aepz)3Pb4I14 (1), where larger organic cations, bis-protonated 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyrazole (Aepz), not only were sandwiched between the inorganic layers but also were incorporated within the perovskite-like PbI layered structure. Another 2D compound, (H2Aepz)PbI4 (2), was also prepared that was a one-layer perovskite. A simple Schottky device was prepared to investigate the photoelectroresponsive properties of the compounds in comparison with that of a typical organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite. In general, the energy gap is decreased with an increase in the perovskite layers, but the band gap of two-layered 1 is larger than that of one-layered 2. The photocurrent densities of the compounds are in the order of 1 < 2 < (CH3NH3)PbI3, which is discussed based on the crystal structures and band energy gaps.
