[Expression and Clinical Significance of MiR-146a and MiR-221 in Childhood Acute T Lymphoblastic Leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of miR-146a and miR-211 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) of children with acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and their clinical significance. METHODS: One hundred and thirty newly diagnosed children with T-ALL from Hainan Third People's Hospital (T-ALL group) and 50 healthy persons (control group) were selected. The newly diagnosed T-ALL patients before treatment were taken as initial group, the patients reachived complete remission after induction therapy for 33 days were taken as remission group (n=98), the patients not reachived complete remission after induction therapy fore 33 days were taken as rafractory group (n=32). The expression levels of miR-146a and miR-221 in PBMNC were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-146a and miR-221 for T-ALL, Pearson correlation analysis was used to estimate the correlation of miR-146a and miR-221 expression with white blood cell count in children with T-ALL. RESULTS: The expression levels of miR-146a and miR-221 of PBMNC in T-ALL group were significantly higher than those in control group (5.83±1.54 vs 0.96±0.17) (7.13±2.60 vs 1.64±0.51) (P＜0.01). The expression levels of miR-146a and miR-221 in refractory group were significantly higher than those in remission group and initial group (8.74±2.35 vs 1.70±0.63 and 5.83±1.54) (11.316±4.83 vs 2.62±0.85 and 7.13±2.60) (P＜0.01). The expression levels of miR-146a and miR-221 correlated with white blood cell count, risk typing and MRD (P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the best cutoff values of miR-146a and miR-221 for diagnosing childhood T-ALL were 3.90 and 5.28, resoectively. While the AUC (95% CI) of the T-ALL jointy diagnosed by miR-146a and miR-221 was 0.835 (0.764-0.892), and it's sensitivity and specificity were 85.0% and 77.2%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of miR-146a and miR-221 in PBMNC of children with T-ALL positively correlated with the white blood cell count (r=0.705, r=0.653, P＜0.01), and that of miR-146a positively correlated with miR-221 (r=0.784, P＜0.01). CONCLUSION: The expression of miR-146a and miR-221 is up-regulated in children with T-ALL and closely relates with the prognosis of children with T-ALL. The combined detection of miR-146a and miR-221 is certain value for diagnosis of T-ALL.

[Meta-analysis of blood system adverse events of Tripterygium wilfordii].

A systematic review was undertaken, including studies that evaluated the incidence of the blood system adverse events of Tripterygium wilfordii (TWP). Medline, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched for relevant studies, including RCT, cohort studies and case series, of patients treated with TWP published in English and Chinese from inception up until May 25th, 2013 with the keywords including "Tripterygium wilfordii", "toxicity", "reproductive", "side effect", "adverse", "safety" and "tolerability". Relevant information was extracted and the incidence of the blood system adverse events was pooled with MetaAnalyst software. Besides, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed based on age, mode of medicine, observation time and disease system. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 49 articles were included in the meta-analysis, they were split into 54 researches incorporated in the analysis. There is a large degree of heterogeneity among the studies, so data was analyzed using random-effects model and the summary estimates of incidence of the blood system adverse events was 6.1%. The weighted combined incidence of three major blood system adverse events were white-blood cells decreasing 5.6% (95% CI, 4.3% - 7.3%), hemoglobin decreasing 1.7% (95% CI, 0.5% - 5.0%) and platelet decreasing 1.8% (95% CI, 1.0% - 3.1%), respectively . Sensitivity analyses based on 45 studies with high quality showed the combined value was close to the summary estimate of total 54 studies. The current evidence indicates that the incidence of the blood system adverse events induced by TWP was high; attentions should be paid on to the prevention and treatment of the blood system adverse events.

Molecular characterization of two isoforms of a farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene in wheat and their roles in sesquiterpene synthesis and inducible defence against aphid infestation.

Aphids are important pests of wheat (Triticum aestivum) that affect crop production globally. Herbivore-induced emission of sesquiterpenes can repel pests, and farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPS) is a key enzyme involved in sesquiterpene biosynthesis. However, fps orthologues in wheat and their functional roles in sesquiterpene synthesis and defence against aphid infestation are unknown. Here, two fps isoforms, Tafps1 and Tafps2, were identified in wheat. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and in vitro catalytic activity analyses were conducted to investigate expression patterns and activity. Heterologous expression of these isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in wheat and aphid behavioural assays were performed to understand the functional roles of these two isoforms. We demonstrated that Tafps1 and Tafps2 played different roles in induced responses to aphid infestation and in sesquiterpene synthesis. Heterologous expression in A. thaliana resulted in repulsion of the peach aphid (Myzus persicae). Wheat plants with these two isoforms transiently silenced were significantly attractive to grain aphid (Sitobion avenae). Our results provide new insights into induced defence against aphid herbivory in wheat, in particular, the different roles of the two Tafps isoforms in both sesquiterpene biosynthesis and defence against aphid infestation.

[Protection of the proximal colon segment during laparoscopic proctosigmoidectomy].

To evaluate the protection of proximal colon segment by analyzing blood supply disorder of proximal colon segment during laparoscopic proctosigmoidectomy(11 cases) in the Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University. It is concluded that the disorder of blood supply of proximal colon segment during laparoscopic proctosigmoid surgery has two reasons. One is the anatomic factor of mesenteric vessels; the other is the inappropriate operative procedure. It is recommended that left colonic artery should be retained, and inferior mesenteric artery should be handled at a low level, thus, the risk of proximal intestine blood supply disorder caused by vascular anatomy variation can be reduced.

[Feasibility of packaging screening for cervical cancer, breast cancer, and reproductive tract infection in a rural area in China].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of cervical cancer, breast cancer, and reproductive tract infection (RTI) among women living in a county of China, identify these women's recognition about these three diseases and their attitude toward the screening, and evaluate the feasibility of the packaging screening program in rural areas in China. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, women aged 30-59 living in Xiangyuan County, Shanxi Province, were surveyed by questionnaires and screened with visual inspection of cervix, breast clinic examination, and combined clinical examination and laboratory tests for RTI. RESULTS: Totally 630 women underwent interviews and packaging screening. The prevalences of cervical precancerous lesion, breast benign disease, and RTI were 0.2%, 14.0%, and 53.2%, respectively. No cancer case was found. The percentages of women knowing cervical cancer, breast cancer, and RTI as common diseases in women were 70.5%, 63.5%, and 52.9% after health education. Up to 92.5% of women preferred packaging screening to screening for single disease; however, they were not willing to pay the screening at current high cost. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalences of breast benign disease and RTI are relatively high among women in rural areas in China. The women's recognition about these three diseases is moderately good. The packaging screening program is well accepted and feasible in rural areas.

Limitations in SELDI-TOF MS whole serum proteomic profiling with IMAC surface to specifically detect colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Surface enhanced laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) analysis on serum samples was reported to be able to detect colorectal cancer (CRC) from normal or control patients. We carried out a validation study of a SELDI-TOF MS approach with IMAC surface sample processing to identify CRC. METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 338 serum samples including 154 CRCs, 67 control cancers and 117 non-cancerous conditions was profiled using SELDI-TOF-MS. RESULTS: No CRC "specific" classifier was found. However, a classifier consisting of two protein peaks separates cancer from non-cancerous conditions with high accuracy. CONCLUSION: In this study, the SELDI-TOF-MS-based protein expression profiling approach did not perform to identify CRC. However, this technique is promising in distinguishing patients with cancer from a non-cancerous population; it may be useful for monitoring recurrence of CRC after treatment.

[Clinical application of magnifying colonoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal benign neoplastic lesions].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical value of magnifying endoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal benign neoplastic lesions. METHODS: Seventy-eight colorectal lesions in 61 patients were examined with magnifying colonoscopy after indigo carmine dyeingìand pit pattern diagnosis was made for every lesion according to Kudos classification to differentiate neoplastic lesions from non-neoplastic lesions. The lesions were resected by endoscopic polypectomy and mucosectomy or surgical treatment. The diagnoses made by magnifying colonoscopy were compared with pathologic results. RESULTS: The diagnostic sensitivity of magnifying endoscopy for neoplastic lesions was 98.4% and specificity was 85.7%. The overall accuracy for adenoma and early colorectal cancer was 96.2%. 89.7% of adenomatous lesions were treated by endoscopic resection. CONCLUSION: The magnifying colonoscopy can provide instantaneous and accurate diagnosis of neoplastic lesions in colon and rectum,as well as minimally invasive treatment.

[Effects of silverionized drinking water on lipids metabolism in tail-suspended rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of silverionized drinking water on erythrocyte membrane fluidity, serum lipids and vascular endothelial cells in tail-suspended rats. METHOD: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into ground control group (GC), simulated weightlessness control group (SC), simulated weightlessness and silverionized water drinking group (SS). Number of circulating endothelial cells (CEC), serum lipids and erythrocyte membranes fluidity was measured on the 21st day of tail suspension. RESULT: Levels of serum TC, TG, HDL-C, HDL-C/TC and erythrocyte membrane fluidity in SC rats were significantly lower than those in GC rats; LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and number of CEC in SC rats were markedly higher than those in GC rats. Levels of serum TC, LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C in SS rats were higher than those in SC rats; HDL-C/TC ratio and erythrocyte membrane fluidity in SS rats were lower than those in SC rats. CONCLUSION: Drinking silverionized water has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in tail-suspended rats.

[Application of sentinel lymph node biopsy by subareolar injection of blue dye in the treatment of breast carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the feasibility and accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy by subareolar injection of blue dye in the treatment of early-stage breast carcinoma. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 25 cases of early-stage breast cancer who were carried out subareolar injection of blue dye method for sentinel lymph node biopsy. RESULTS: Of 25 cases, 24 were checked out sentinel lymph nodes. Check-out rate was 96.0%. Totally 62 sentinel lymph nodes were checked out, each patient had 2.5 nodes averagely. There were 5 cases with lymph node metastases in HE stain, and 7 cases with positive nodes in IHC stain. Sensitivity in this group was 87.5%; Accuracy 96.0%; False negative rate 12.5%; False positive rate 0. CONCLUSION: Application of sentinel lymph node biopsy by subareolar injection of blue dye in the treatment of early-stage breast carcinoma can also acquire high check-out rate and high accuracy.

[Effects of head down bed rest or drinking water containing electrolytic silver-ion on intestinal bifidobacteria].

Objective. To investigate the effect of head down bed rest (HDBR) or electrolytic silver-ion on intestinal bifidobacteria in men and mice. Method. Three tests were conducted. Counts of bifidobacteria in feces were made in: 1) 5 male healthy volunteers after 21 d -6 degrees HDBR. 2) 4 groups of mice drank water containing no Ag+, 0.20, 0.40 and 0.60 mg/ L of Ag+ respectively for 1 month. 3) Seven male healthy volunteers drank water containing 0.20 mg/L of silver-ion for 16 days. Result. 1) The count of bifidobacteria after HDBR [8.08 +/- 0.82 (lgn/g)] was significantly decreased as compared with the control group [8.72 +/- 0.82 (lgn/g)] (P<0.01). It suggests that HDT -6 degrees bed-rest might reduce the number of bifidobacteria in the human colon. 2) The count of bifidobacteria in feces was negatively correlated with the silver-ion concentration in the water (r= -0.992, P<0.01). 3) The count of bifidobacteria in feces after test [7.83 +/- 0.71(lgn/g)] was significantly decreased as compared with that before the test (8.91 +/- 0.84) (P<0.05). Conclusion. It demonstrates that HDT -6 degrees bed-rest and electrolytic silver-ion all might reduce the count of bifidobacteria in feces.

[Determination of UV-Vis reflective spectra of long after-glow phosphorescent material].

The long after-glow phosphorescent materials were fabricated by using "wet" method. The component materials were dissolved in water solution so that their homogeneous mix was reached at molecular level. The approach that metal nitrates and organic reductants would react spontaneously and get into combustion at a moderately low ambient temperature through oxido-reduction reaction was introduced into our fabrication of long after-glow phosphorescent samples. The ambient temperature to generate the combustion could go down to 500 degrees C, and the reaction completed within 1-2 minutes, producing a fluffy resultant with small crystal structure and even composition, which is easy to grind, and with low bulk density for its powder. UV-Vis reflective spectrophotometer was used to determine and analyze the characteristics of the sample before and after its absorption of light. The result shows that the properties of the samples fabricated from both "wet" and "dry" techniques are similar except their bulk densities, and the UV-Vis reflective spectrum was able to clearly describe the spectral characteristics of long after-glow phosphorescent materials.