ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess and compare the burnout level between Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Unit, and study its association with the sociodemographic and work characteristics of the professionals surveyed. DESCRIPTION: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Emplacement. Intensive Care Unit of the university hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia-Spain. STUDIED SAMPLE: 97 nursing professionals: 55 professionals belong to the Emergency Department, and 42 professionals belong to the Intensive Care Department. METHOD: Two evaluation tools were used: a sociodemographic and work survey, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, 1986. Quantitative variables expressed as mean +/- SD compared with the Student's T test and qualitative variables compared with the chi2 test. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SPSS 12.0(c). RESULTS: The comparative analysis of the burnout dimensions shows that emotional exhaustion level is significantly higher in the intensive care service than in the emergency one (25.45 +/- 11.15 vs 22.09 +/- 10.99) p < 0.05. The rest of burnout dimensions do not show significant differences between both departments. The masculine gender obtains a higher score in the depersonalization dimension of burnout (10.12 +/- 5.38) than female one (6.7 +/- 5.21) p < 0.01. There is greater vulnerability to emotional exhaustion among the professional group with more than 15 years of work experience (F = 3.592; p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS: The burnout levels are moderate to high among the nursing professionals studied. A total of 5.15% of the sample studied achieves a high score in the three dimensions of the burnout syndrome. The intensive care professionals are the most vulnerable to suffering high levels of emotional exhaustion, and the masculine gender is more susceptible to depersonalization attitudes.
Subject(s)
Burnout, Professional/epidemiology , Critical Care , Emergency Nursing , Nursing , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Objetivo. Estimar y comparar el nivel de burnout existente en los Servicios de Cuidados Intensivos y Urgencias, y estudiar su asociación con las características sociodemográficas y laborales de los profesionales encuestados. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento. Servicios de Urgencias y Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Morales Meseguer (Murcia). Muestra. Noventa y siete profesionales de enfermería, 55 pertenecientes al Servicio de Urgencias y 42 al Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos. Método. Se emplearon dos instrumentos de evaluación: una encuesta de variables sociodemográficas y laborales, y el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory, de 1986. Las variables cuantitativas se expresan como media ± desviación estándar comparadas con t de Student y las cualitativas se comparan con Chi2. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante el programa informático SPSS 12.0(C). Resultados. El análisis comparativo de las dimensiones que componen el burnout demuestra que los niveles de agotamiento emocional son significativamente mayores en el Servicio de Cuidados Intensivos que en el de Urgencias (25,45 ± 11,15 frente a 22,09 ± 10,99) p < 0,05. El resto de dimensiones que componen el síndrome no ha demostrado diferencias significativas entre ambos servicios. El género masculino obtiene una mayor puntuación en la dimensión de despersonalización (10,12 ± 5,38) que el género femenino (6,7 ± 5,21) p < 0,01. Existe una mayor vulnerabilidad al agotamiento emocional en el grupo de profesionales que llevan más de 15 años trabajando (F = 3,592; p = 0,031). Conclusiones. Los niveles encontrados de burnout resultaron ser moderados-altos. El 5,15% de la muestra total estudiada puntúa alto en las tres dimensiones del síndrome, los profesionales de Cuidados Intensivos son los más vulnerables a padecer elevados niveles de agotamiento emocional y el género masculino es el más propenso a las actitudes de despersonalización
Objective. To assess and compare the burnout level between Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Unit, and study its association with the sociodemographic and work characteristics of the professionals surveyed. Description. Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Emplacement. Intensive Care Unit of the university hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia-Spain. Studied sample. 97 nursing professionals: 55 professionals belong to the Emergency Department, and 42 professionals belong to the Intensive Care Department. Method. Two evaluation tools were used: a sociodemographic and work survey, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, 1986. Quantitative variables expressed as mean ± SD compared with the Student's T test and qualitative variables compared with the chi2 test. Statistical analysis: SPSS 12.0(C). Results. The comparative analysis of the burnout dimensions shows that emotional exhaustion level is significantly higher in the intensive care service than in the emergency one (25.45 ± 11.15 vs 22.09 ± 10.99) p < 0.05. The rest of burnout dimensions do not show significant differences between both departments. The masculine gender obtains a higher score in the depersonalization dimension of burnout (10.12 ± 5.38) than female one (6.7 ± 5.21) p < 0.01. There is greater vulnerability to emotional exhaustion among the professional group with more than 15 years of work experience (F = 3.592; p = 0.031). Conclusions. The burnout levels are moderate to high among the nursing professionals studied. A total of 5.15% of the sample studied achieves a high score in the three dimensions of the burnout syndrome. The intensive care professionals are the most vulnerable to suffering high levels of emotional exhaustion, and the masculine gender is more susceptible to depersonalization attitudes
