Vasectomy reversal in China during the recent decade: insights from a multicenter retrospective investigation / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

To date, there is little information about the demography of vasectomy reversal (VR) patients or the factors currently influencing VR effectiveness in China, especially after the universal two-child policy was released in 2015. In this research, demographic data and perioperative medical records of VR patients were extracted from seven major hospitals in different provinces or municipalities of China. Meanwhile, a telephone survey of the patients was conducted to collect follow-up information. Eventually, 448 VR cases from the past 13 years were included. The results were analyzed by stratified comparison to investigate factors that can influence postoperative vas deferens patency and pregnancy rate. Appropriately statistical methods were used, and all of the protocols were approved by the Ethics Committees of the institutes in this research. The results showed that the annual operation volume of VR quadrupled after the two-child policy was implemented. Nonmicrosurgery and a long duration of vasectomy were significantly associated with a lower patency rate. A follow-up survey showed that the general postoperative pregnancy rate was 27.2%. For female partners over the age of 35 years, the postoperative pregnancy rate showed a more severe decline, but only 35.5% of them had been given a fertility examination before their husbands' VR surgery. Our work revealed that more patients in China have been demanding VR in recent years. High-quality microsurgery and a short duration of vasectomy are crucial for restoring patency by VR. Clinical andrologists should perform a preoperative fertility evaluation of the patients' female partners.

Outbreak of infections caused by Group A Streptococcus after modified radical mastectomy.

BACKGROUND: Eight infections occurred after modified radical mastectomies in a tertiary-care hospital. Group A streptococci (GAS) were isolated from three of the eight patients. METHODS: To control the outbreak, an epidemiologic investigation was conducted, and healthcare workers were screened for pathogens. Strains isolated from healthcare workers were compared with patient strains by emm typing. RESULTS: One surgeon attended one of the eight operations and observed the other seven. Streptococcus strains from the hands of this surgeon were identical to the patient strains. After the surgeon was suspended from duty and underwent eradication treatment, the outbreak was controlled. CONCLUSIONS: This outbreak of GAS infection is believed to have occurred by airborne transmission. Suspending patient care by healthcare workers who carry the causative GAS in a site(s) other than the respiratory tract for only the first 24 h they are receiving chemoprophylaxis may not be long enough. Sampling of the hands of healthcare workers during an investigation of nosocomial GAS infection is valuable.

Genetic susceptibility of single nucleotide polymorphism in MGMT to non-Hodgkin lymphoma / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the relationship between five single nucleotide polymorphism loci in the MGMT, XPA, XPD and XPG genes and the prevalence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study of 73 lymphoma cases and 500 healthy controls was conducted and the Mass-ARRAY method was applied for detection of MGMT L84F, MGMT K178R, XPA TSS+62, XPD K751Q and XPG TSS+372.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MGMT L84F (T allele) was associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (OR=2.085, 95%CI=1.069-4.068, P=0.029), mainly in B-cell lymphoma, of which the risk increased by 2.403-fold (OR=2.403, 95%CI=1.103-5.235, P=0.024). No statistically significance was found for MGMT K178R, XPA TSS+62, XPD K751Q and XPG TSS+372.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Single nucleotide polymorphism in the MGMT gene may closely related to the occurrence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, especially of B-cell subtype.</p>