[Identification of the mRNA of the nucleocapsid proteins of pathogenic arenaviruses]. / Identifikatsiia mRNK belkov nukleokapsida patogennykh arenavirusov.

Total RNA from cells infected with Machupo and Lassa viruses as well as individual sedimentation classes of these RNAs were translated in the cell-free protein-synthesizing system from rabbit reticulocytes. The translation products were precipitated either with anti-Machupo immune gamma-globulin or monoclonal antibodies to nucleocapsid protein (NP) of Lassa virus. Both total RNA and RNA fraction with the sedimentation coefficient 15-16S promoted the synthesis of protein which comigrated in gel with NP protein of purified virions. It is concluded that monocistron mRNA for NP protein of arenaviruses has the sedimentation coefficient 15-16 S.

[Neutralizing antibodies to human gamma-interferon]. / Neitralizuiushchie antitela k chelovecheskomu gamma-interferonu.

Spleen lymphocytes from normal subjects who suddenly died were used as cells producing gamma-interferon. One spleen yielded (3-8) X 10(8) viable cells which made it possible to prepare from 3 to 81 of splenocyte suspension culture. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) and B (SEB) were used as gamma-interferon inducers. Stimulation of splenocyte suspension culture with SEA and SEB resulted in production of gamma-interferon with an average activity of 640-2560 units/ml. A partially purified interferon preparation with an activity of 2 X 10(4) units/ml was obtained by sorption of gamma-interferon on porous glass CPG-200-240 followed by elution with a buffer containing 50% ethylene glycol and Sephadex G-25 gel chromatography. As a result of 11 successive intramuscular immunizations of rabbits at 2-week intervals with a partially purified and concentrated preparation of gamma-interferon with Freund's complete adjuvant, blood serum was obtained which was capable of neutralizing 32 units of gamma-interferon up to a dilution of 1:128. The serum was highly specific: it showed no specific interaction with antigenic determinants of either natural alpha- and beta- or plasmid alpha-F and alpha-F/D human interferons.

[Purification and identification of mRNA of immune (gamma) interferon from human splenocytes]. / Ochistka i identifikatsiia informatsionnoi RNK immunnogo (gamma) interferona iz splenotsitov cheloveka.

The isolation of total RNA from primary culture of human splenocytes and its physico-chemical and biological properties are described. Human splenocytes are characterized by a high content of mRNA of human immune interferon, low content of total RNA and an extremely high activity of RNAases. Therefore it was necessary to elaborate conditions for the isolation of mRNA without DNA contaminants in the presence of extensive inhibitors of the RNAase activity. These include cell homogenization, separation of cytoplasm at -10 degrees C and treatment by RNAase inhibitors--ribonucleoside-vanadyl complexes or a combination of aurin-tricarboxylic acid with dithiothreitol. The resulting preparations of total RNA were purified by chromatography on oligo (dT)-cellulose and translated in a cell-free system from rabbit reticulocytes. These preparations were free of nonspecific translation inhibitors which are normally present in the lymphoid cells mRNA. In a cell-free system mRNA of human splenocytes induced with staphylococcal enterotoxin A code the synthesis of biologically active interferon which was identified as immune (gamma) human interferon, using a serological analysis. The preparations of immune interferon mRNA obtained under the conditions described above can further be used for cloning of the corresponding gene in bacterial cells.

[Determination of the species specificity of interferons in the translation of the their mRNA from various cell cultures]. / Opredelenie vidovoi spetsifichnosti interferonov pri transliatsii ikh mRNK iz razlichnykh kletochnykh kul'tur.

Interferons obtained on induction of human lymphocytes with Newcastle viruses and staphylococcal enterotoxin A and diploid fibroblast cells of human embryos with poly (I).poly (C), as well as translation products of interferon mRNA obtained from these cells were analysed serologically. It was shown that the main type of interferon produced by the cells depended on the cell culture and inductor nature. It was defined at the level of the respective gene depression. Effective translation of mRNA of the interferons of the 3 types makes possible production of cDNA and creation of bacterial plasmids coding the genetic information for the synthesis of human interferon.

[The effect of body temperature on biochemical changes in the blood during adaptation to cold]. / Vliianie temperatury tela na biokhimicheskie izmeneniia v krovi pri adaptatsii k kholodu

The changes of the body temperature, intensity of oxidative processes, glucose content in the blood, and unesterified fatty acids (UEFA) content in the serum of the homeotherm organism were studied at +5 degrees C. The initial (1--3) coolings induced mobilization of carbohydrate and fat energetic reserves, using the blood free glucose and the serum UEFA for heatproduction. This caused hypoglycemia in some of the animals. Further (4--13) coolings were characterized by considerable fluctuations of the parameters. Excessive release of UEFA from the fat stores and their enhanced oxydation coincided with a small drop of the body temperature and a decrease in glucose concentration in the blood. By the 26th-35th exposures the animals became adapted to the temperature +5 degrees C. In the adapted organism, the prevalence of UEFA oxydation coincided with the prevalence of the free glucose entering the blood. This suggests that, in the cold-adapted organism, oxydation of UEFA keeps up the body temperature while using the blood glucose is restricted. This may be of importance for a steady maintenance of glucemic homeostasis in cold.